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- Edelbring, Samuel, 1969-
(author)
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Measuring strategies for learning regulation in medical education : Scale reliability and dimensionality in a Swedish sample
- 2012
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In: BMC Medical Education. - : BioMed Central. - 1472-6920. ; 12
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundThe degree of learners’ self-regulated learning and dependence on external regulation influence learning processes in higher education. These regulation strategies are commonly measured by questionnaires developed in other settings than in which they are being used, thereby requiring renewed validation. The aim of this study was to psychometrically evaluate the learning regulation strategy scales from the Inventory of Learning Styles with Swedish medical students (N = 206).MethodsThe regulation scales were evaluated regarding their reliability, scale dimensionality and interrelations. The primary evaluation focused on dimensionality and was performed with Mokken scale analysis. To assist future scale refinement, additional item analysis, such as item-to-scale correlations, was performed.ResultsScale scores in the Swedish sample displayed good reliability in relation to published results: Cronbach’s alpha: 0.82, 0.72, and 0.65 for self-regulation, external regulation and lack of regulation scales respectively. The dimensionalities in scales were adequate for self-regulation and its subscales, whereas external regulation and lack of regulation displayed less unidimensionality. The established theoretical scales were largely replicated in the exploratory analysis. The item analysis identified two items that contributed little to their respective scales.DiscussionThe results indicate that these scales have an adequate capacity for detecting the three theoretically proposed learning regulation strategies in the medical education sample. Further construct validity should be sought by interpreting scale scores in relation to specific learning activities. Using established scales for measuring students’ regulation strategies enables a broad empirical base for increasing knowledge on regulation strategies in relation to different disciplinary settings and contributes to theoretical development.
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| 4. |
- Kjellgren, Hanna, 1969-
(author)
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Skolan som värdeförmedlare
- 2007
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In: Skolan som politisk organisation. - Malmö : Gleerup. - 9789140656049 ; , s. 121-144
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Book chapter (pop. science, debate, etc.)
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| 5. |
- Klintman, Mikael
(author)
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Ambiguous framings of political consumerism: means or end, product or process orientation?
- 2006
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In: International Journal of Consumer Studies. - : Wiley. - 1470-6431 .- 1470-6423. ; 30:5, s. 427-438
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- For dealing with various societal problems, 'political'/'ethical'/'responsible' consumerism is often discussed as an effective democratic and participatory tool. However, political consumerism – along with its tools, such as product labelling – is often conceived and discussed in oversimplified ways. Instead, the tension between scientific complexity, knowledge uncertainty and a codified, standardized label involves extensive political strategy, interest conflicts and simplified framings of the consumers' roles as political decision makers. The purpose of this paper is to analyse how criteria for organic food labelling have been simplified, or framed, within various versions of political consumerism in policy debates. The more general purpose is to examine variations of what consumerism may entail theoretically and practically. Examples are chosen of organic food labelling in the US. The analysis is based on framing theory. The first distinction is made between framings surrounding the extrinsic and intrinsic values of consumerism (i.e. consumer empowerment towards an external goal, or as an overriding principle of democracy). The second distinction is between product- and process-oriented consumerism (i.e. consumer empowerment with regard to the purchased goods or concerning the 'invisible' production and disposal processes). These distinctions may facilitate critical examinations of criteria, processes and communication of consumer-related policies.
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| 6. |
- Klintman, Mikael
(author)
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Apollonian and Dionysian Trust in Vaccination
- 2024
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In: Vaccine Hesitancy in the Nordic Countries : Trust and Distrust during the COVID-19 Pandemic - Trust and Distrust during the COVID-19 Pandemic. - 9781040011614 - 9781032305998 ; , s. 21-34
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Vaccine hesitancy is a significant concern worldwide. While some attribute it to a lack of knowledge, experiments have revealed that merely providing additional scientific information has little effect on vaccination hesitancy. This chapter aims to better understand negative and positive vaccination sentiments and actions by examining scientific findings’ non-random and non-linear influence on people’s vaccination sentiments and actions. The chapter argues for a new understanding of vaccination-related distrust and trust that combines sociology with evolutionary theory. It suggests that vaccination-related distrust and trust are primarily adaptations to social environments rather than irrationality or lack of knowledge. The chapter introduces the concepts of Apollonian trust, focusing on the issue-specific problem-solving potential of vaccination, and Dionysian trust, emphasising group identity and social cohesion. The author argues that organisations promoting vaccination have focused primarily on enhancing Apollonian trust. This may have hindered a reduction in vaccination hesitancy among groups whose hesitancy is rooted in cultural and ideological identity. The chapter provides examples mainly from Denmark and Sweden, illustrating the argument that can be associated with Apollonian and Dionysian trust. It concludes that better integration of the two types of trust in communication is necessary to address the challenges of vaccination hesitancy.
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| 8. |
- Simões, Bruno M, et al.
(author)
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Anti-estrogen Resistance in Human Breast Tumors Is Driven by JAG1-NOTCH4-Dependent Cancer Stem Cell Activity.
- 2015
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In: Cell Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2211-1247. ; 12:12, s. 1968-1977
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Breast cancers (BCs) typically express estrogen receptors (ERs) but frequently exhibit de novo or acquired resistance to hormonal therapies. Here, we show that short-term treatment with the anti-estrogens tamoxifen or fulvestrant decrease cell proliferation but increase BC stem cell (BCSC) activity through JAG1-NOTCH4 receptor activation both in patient-derived samples and xenograft (PDX) tumors. In support of this mechanism, we demonstrate that high ALDH1 predicts resistance in women treated with tamoxifen and that a NOTCH4/HES/HEY gene signature predicts for a poor response/prognosis in 2 ER+ patient cohorts. Targeting of NOTCH4 reverses the increase in Notch and BCSC activity induced by anti-estrogens. Importantly, in PDX tumors with acquired tamoxifen resistance, NOTCH4 inhibition reduced BCSC activity. Thus, we establish that BCSC and NOTCH4 activities predict both de novo and acquired tamoxifen resistance and that combining endocrine therapy with targeting JAG1-NOTCH4 overcomes resistance in human breast cancers.
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