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- Carlsson, Per-Olof, et al.
(author)
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Testfasen i miljöklassningsprojekten : Delrapport september 2007
- 2007
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Denna rapport är en redovisning av resultat och underlag i testfasen imiljöklassningsprojekten.I januari 2005 inleddes tre forskningsprojekt med målet att föreslå ettsystem för miljöklassning av byggnader. Forskningsprojekten har engemensam projektgrupp där 27 företag ingår. Syftet med projekten är attta fram förslag till indikatorer och kriterier för klassning inom områdenaenergi, innemiljö och farliga ämnen. Projekten avslutas hösten 2007.Under perioden december 2006 – mars 2007 genomfördes ett test avflera alternativa förslag till indikatorer. Testet utfördes i nära samverkanmed 16 företag från projektgruppen och ytterligare 10 bostadsrättföreningaroch 6 småhusägare. Sammanlagt ingick 46 byggnader av olika typ(flerbostadshus, kontor, sjukhus, småhus etc.).Testet utfördes genom att företag, föreningar och småhusägare samladein nödvändiga data för klassning av ett antal preliminära indikatorer. Defick också svara på frågor om prioritering av aspekter, indikatorer ochvilka resurser som krävdes.Insamlingen av mätdata kompletterades sedan med intervjuer för att fåin ytterligare information och synpunkter.Denna rapport innehåller resultat i form av:Indata från dem som testat.Försök till klassning av respektive byggnad.Synpunkter på genomförandet av testningen.Synpunkter på klassningssystemet.Dessutom ingick en studie av kopplingen mellan energideklarationer ochmiljöklassning. Några av byggnaderna energideklarerades och dessa datajämfördes med vad som behövs för miljöklassning.Rapporten innehåller samtliga dokument från testningen och kommeratt vara ett viktigt underlag i det fortsatta arbetet. Under hösten 2007kommer ett förslag till klassningssystem att presenteras.
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2. |
- Eriksson, Elsa M, 1945, et al.
(author)
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Irritable bowel syndrome subtypes differ in body awareness, psychological symptoms and biochemical stress markers
- 2008
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In: World J Gastroenterol. - : Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.. - 1007-9327. ; 14:31, s. 4889-96
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIM: To elucidate the differences in somatic, psychological and biochemical pattern between the subtypes of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). METHODS: Eighty IBS patients, 30 diarrhoea predominant (D-IBS), 16 constipation predominant (C-IBS) and 34 alternating IBS (A-IBS) underwent physiotherapeutic examinations for dysfunctions in body movements and awareness and were compared to an apparently healthy control group (AHC). All groups answered questionnaires for gastrointestinal and psychological symptoms. Biochemical variables were analysed in blood. RESULTS: The D-IBS group showed less body awareness, less psychological symptoms, a more normal sense of coherence and psychosocial rating as well as higher C-peptide values. C-IBS had a higher degree of body dysfunction and psychological symptoms, as well as the lowest sense of coherence compared to controls and D-IBS. They also demonstrated the most elevated prolactin levels. A-IBS had the lowest degree of body disturbance, deteriorated quality of life and affected biochemical pattern. All subtypes had higher pain scores compared to controls. In addition they all had significantly increased triglycerides and elevated morning cortisol levels, however, without statistical significance compared with the controls. CONCLUSION: IBS subtypes showed different profiles in body awareness, somatic and psychological symptoms and in biochemical variables. D-IBS differed compared to the other groups by lowered body awareness, less psychological symptoms and a higher sense of coherence and elevated C-peptide values. C-IBS and A-IBS subtypes suffered more from depression and anxiety, associated with a lower quality of life. These differences may be important and will be taken into account in our treatment of these patients.
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3. |
- Eriksson, John, et al.
(author)
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Surgery and radiofrequency ablation for treatment of liver metastases from midgut and foregut carcinoids and endocrine pancreatic tumors
- 2008
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In: World Journal of Surgery. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0364-2313 .- 1432-2323. ; 32:5, s. 930-938
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND:Many neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) have a tendency to metastasize to the liver. In case of limited number of metastases, liver surgery or radiofrequency ablation (RFA) may result in apparently total clearance of metastases. However, it is not clear whether such therapy will provide symptom reduction or increased survival.METHODS: Seventy-three patients with foregut (n=6) or midgut carcinoids (n=37) or endocrine pancreatic tumors (n=28), and two patients with NETs without discernable origin were studied. Symptoms were evaluated using a Symptom Severity Score. Liver surgery was performed in 42 operations and RFA on 205 lesions.RESULTS:Apparently total clearance of liver metastases was attained in 1 of 6 patients with foregut carcinoids, 15 of 37 with midgut carcinoids, and 13 of 28 with EPT. Symptom improvement was noted in 12 of 17 (70.6%) patients with carcinoid syndrome, and 75% also reduced their 5-HIAA and P-CgA by at least 50%. Patients with nonfunctioning EPT generally had no improvement of symptoms after surgical/RFA liver treatment, but eight patients had functioning EPT, and four of these reduced their biochemical markers by at least 50%. NETs with higher Ki67 index tended to recur more often. Complications occurred in 9 of 45 open surgery procedures, and in 8 of 203 RFA procedures.CONCLUSIONS:Treatment of liver metastases is successful in midgut carcinoid patients with limited liver metastases. Patients with foregut carcinoid and EPTs recur more often, possibly related to higher Ki67 index, and treatment of liver lesions less often reduces symptoms. Liver resections and RFA may be safely performed, and RFA is associated with few complications.
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4. |
- Hultgren, Göran, 1960-
(author)
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eTjänster som social interaktion via användning av IT-system : en praktisk teori
- 2007
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Företeelsen eTjänst baseras på att IT-system används så att tjänsteleverantörer tillhandahåller tjänster till kunder utan att möta dem ”ansikte-mot-ansikte”. eTjänsterna förväntas öka i mfattning i samhället. Därför diskuteras eTjänster i ökande grad inom både forskningen och praktikfältet, och därför är det viktigt att kunna analysera eTjänster vid utvärdering och utveckling av IT-system. Ett problem är dock att det saknas ett utvecklat perspektiv på eTjänster som kan användas för att förstå dem på ett meningsfullt sätt. I existerande perspektiv betraktas vanligen eTjänster som tekniska företeelser vilket gör att de sociala relationer som tjänsterna bygger på inte uppmärksammas. Ett annat problem är att kundperspektivet intebeaktas i tillräckligt hög grad. Detta medför att eTjänster främst betraktas som ett stöd för befintlig tjänsteverksamhet eller för att tjänsteleverantören ska kunna automatisera sin verksamhet och kunderna utföra arbetet själva genom s.k. självbetjäningstjänster.Avhandlingens forskningsbidrag utgörs av en praktisk teori om eTjänster, som både är tillämpbar och leder till en meningsfull förståelse när den används som stöd vid analyser av eTjänster. Den praktiska teorin baseras på grundsynen att eTjänster är social interaktion via användning av IT-system och att kommunikation och kundnytta är i förgrunden. Den bygger också på en bredare syn på IT-användning än som ett sätt att skapa självbetjäningstjänster. Den praktiska teorin om eTjänster består av ett regelverk som ger stöd för att 1) avgöra när det är meningsfullt att beskriva en företeelse som en eTjänst, 2) beskriva hur en eTjänst kan analyseras samt 3) beskriva hur ett flertal eTjänster kan samexistera med varandra i de skärmdokument där de presenteras.Forskningsbidraget har utvecklats genom praktisk utforskning, med en multigrundad kvalitativ ansats och genom en successiv kunskapsutveckling. Avhandlingen har sina teoretiska utgångspunkter inom områdena informatik, sociologi och tjänstemarknadsföring.
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5. |
- Ostman, J., et al.
(author)
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Gender differences and temporal variation in the incidence of type 1 diabetes : results of 8012 cases in the nationwide Diabetes Incidence Study in Sweden 1983-2002
- 2008
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In: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 263:4, s. 386-394
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives. To establish the gender difference amongst newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic patients aged 15-34 years, considering age at diagnosis, temporal trend and seasonal variation at time of diagnosis. Study design. A population-based prospective study with a mean annual population at risk of 2.3 million. Setting. All departments of medicine, endocrinology and paediatrics and primary health care units in Sweden. Subjects. Incident cases of diabetes aged 15-34 years at diagnosis 1983-2002. Measure instrument. Basic characteristics of patients at diagnosis were reported by the diagnosing doctor on a standardized form. Level of ascertainment was estimated at 80-90%. Results. Amongst all incident cases (n = 8012), 74% was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. The mean annual incidence rate of type 1 diabetes was 12.7/100 000, in men 16.4/100 000 and in women 8.9/100 000. The incidence of type 1 diabetes decreased slowly by increasing age but was in all age groups higher in men, yielding an overall male/female ratio of 1.8. In both genders the incidence of type 1 diabetes decreased in average of 1.0% per year. A seasonal pattern with significantly higher incidence during January-March and lower during May-July was seen in both genders. Conclusions. A clear male predominance of type 1 diabetes was seen in all ages. The temporal trend and the seasonal pattern was similar in men and women. Hence, internal factors related to the gender rather than differences in the exposure to environmental factors seem to explain the consistent male-female bias in the postpubertal risk of developing type 1 diabetes.
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7. |
- Rolandsson, Olov, et al.
(author)
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Increased Glucose Levels are Associated with Episodic Memory in Nondiabetic Women
- 2008
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In: Diabetes. - : American Diabetes Association. - 0012-1797 .- 1939-327X. ; 57:2, s. 440-443
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE. Patients with type 2 diabetes have an increased risk of a reduction in cognitive function. We investigated the hypothesis that plasma glucose is associated with a reduction in episodic and/or semantic memory already in nondiabetic subjects.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS. We linked two large population-based datasets in Sweden: the Betula study, in which a random sample from the population aged 35–85 years was investigated for cognitive function, including episodic and semantic memory; and the Västerbotten Intervention Program, a health survey with subjects aged 40, 50, and 60 years, that includes measuring of fasting and 2-h plasma glucose, along with other risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular disease. We identified 411 (179 men and 232 women, mean age 50.6 ± 8.0 years) nondiabetic subjects, free from dementia, who had participated in the two surveys within 6 months.RESULTS. Women had better episodic (score 7.37 ± 1.42) and semantic memory (score 16.05 ± 2.76) than men (score 6.59 ± 1.29 and 15.15 ± 2.92, respectively, P < 0.001 for both). In an adjusted multivariate model, fasting plasma glucose (fPG) and 2-h plasma glucose (2hPG) were significantly negatively associated with episodic memory (fPG: B –0.198, SE 0.068, β –0.209, P = 0.004; and 2hPG: B –0.061, SE 0.031, β –0.148, P = 0.048, respectively) in women but not in men. The association was not found in relation to semantic memory.CONCLUSIONS. We conclude that an increase in plasma glucose is associated with impairment in episodic memory in women. This could be explained by a negative effect on the hippocampus caused by raised plasma glucose levels.
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9. |
- Anfelter, P, et al.
(author)
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The effect of percutaneous dilatation of renal arterial stenosis on captopril renography in hypertension
- 2005
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In: Blood Pressure. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0803-7051 .- 1651-1999. ; 14:6, s. 359-365
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background. The clinical effects of percutaneous transluminal renal artery angioplasty (PTRA) in patients with renal vascular stenosis and hypertension is controversial. Methods. We consecutively recruited all 23 patients referred for evaluation of renovascular hypertension that eventually underwent unilateral PTRA, to be investigated with captopril MAG3 renography (CR), both before and after the endovascular procedure. Data were evaluated on an intention-to-treat basis. Results. We found that the relative MAG3 clearance of the stenotic kidney increased (from 29.9 ± 14% to 35.1 ± 14%, p=0.01) and that the creatinine levels fell following the intervention (from 110 ± 19 to 99 ± 17 μmol/l, p=0.0003). Blood pressure levels were also lowered (from 173 ± 32/93 ± 17 to 158 ± 31/86 ± 15 mmHg, p<0.006) while the mean number of anti-hypertensive drugs was unchanged following PTRA (2.9 ± 1.4 before and 2.8 ± 1.3 drugs after the intervention, respectively, p-0.6). Conclusion. This prospective trial showed statistically significant improvements of individual kidney function as measured by CR and blood pressure in subjects with suspected renovascular hypertension treated with PTRA. Although the endovascular procedure was found to be safe, the magniture of the absolute improvements was rather modest. © 2005 Taylor & Francis.
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10. |
- Annerbrink, Kristina, 1974, et al.
(author)
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Catechol O-methyltransferase val158-met polymorphism is associated with abdominal obesity and blood pressure in men.
- 2008
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In: Metabolism. - : Elsevier BV. - 0026-0495 .- 1532-8600. ; 57:5, s. 708-711
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) degrades catecholamines and estrogens, both of which are of known importance for cardiovascular risk factors such as obesity and hypertension. The gene coding for COMT contains a val158-met polymorphism that exerts a considerable influence on enzymatic activity. We hypothesized that this polymorphism might influence risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Deoxyribonucleic acid samples and data regarding blood pressure and anthropometry were collected from 240 Swedish men, all 51 years old. Subjects homozygous for the low-activity allele (met) displayed higher blood pressure, heart rate, waist-to-hip ratio, and abdominal sagittal diameter as compared with heterozygous subjects, who in turn displayed higher blood pressure, heart rate, waist-to-hip ratio, and abdominal sagittal diameter than subjects homozygous for the high-activity allele (val). All measured variables were significantly correlated; however, the associations between COMT val158-met and cardiovascular variables, and the association between COMT val158-met and anthropometry, respectively, were partly independent of each other, as revealed by multiple linear regression.
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