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- Rastad, AA, et al.
(author)
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Management of infections caused by respiratory syncytial virus
- 2001
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases. - 0036-5548 .- 1651-1980. ; 33:5, s. 323-328
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This is a consensus document compiled by the Medical Products Agency in Sweden and the Swedish Reference Group for Antiviral Therapy on management of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections. Prophylaxis against RSV infections using palivizumab, a commercially available humanized monoclonal IgG, antibody preparation, is recommended for children <2 y of age with chronic respiratory diseases requiring continuous treatment (oxygen and/or inhalations and/or steroids) during the previous 6 months and children 6 months old who were born before gestational week 26. Ribavirin inhalation treatment may be considered in high-risk infants with clinical symptoms indicating a serious course of an RSV infection. Treatment with ribavirin in combination with intravenous polyclonal immunoglobulin should be considered in patients who have received an allogenic stem cell transplantation or organ transplantation with >1 episode of rejection treatment and who have mild or moderate RSV pneumonia. Evidence-based documentation for treatment of other groups of patients is lacking.
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- Atroshi, Isam, et al.
(author)
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Severe carpal tunnel syndrome potentially needing surgical treatment in a general population.
- 2003
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In: The Journal of Hand Surgery. - 1531-6564. ; 28:4, s. 639-644
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: To estimate the prevalence of severe carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) that potentially needs surgical treatment in a general population. Methods: A health-status questionnaire was mailed to a random general population sample of 3,000 subjects (ages, 25-74 y). The responders who reported numbness and/or tingling in the median nerve distribution in the hands were asked to attend a clinical evaluation at which they completed the validated CTS questionnaire and underwent physical examination and nerve conduction tests. The CTS questionnaire measures the severity of symptoms and disability on a scale from 1 (none) to 5 (most severe). The potential need for surgery was defined as CTS symptom severity score of 3.2 or greater or functional status score of 2.5 or greater (corresponding to median preoperative scores for surgical patients in previous reports). Results: The response rate for the survey was 83%. Of the responders who reported numbness and/or tingling in the median nerve distribution in the hands 81% attended the clinical evaluation. Of the 94 subjects diagnosed with clinically certain CTS, 19 (20%; 12 with electrophysiologically proven median neuropathy) had previously undiagnosed CTS that potentially needed surgical treatment, yielding a population prevalence of 7 per 1,000 (95% confidence interval, 4-11 per 1,000). Conclusions: In a general population there was a 0.7% prevalence of undiagnosed CTS with a severity similar to-that-of patients undergoing surgery. The degree to which variable numbers of this group are drawn into a medical system could account for variations in the rate of surgery performed.
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- Björn van Praagh, Helena, et al.
(author)
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Metabolic fate of C-14-labelled chlorinated and non-chlorinated fatty acids in goldfish (Carassius auratus)
- 2004
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In: Fish Physiology & Biochemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0920-1742 .- 1573-5168. ; 30:1, s. 13-20
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In order to study the metabolic fate of chlorinated fatty acids in fish, goldfish were fed either 9,10-dichlorostearic acid or oleic acid, chosen as the unchlorinated analogue, both radiolabelled at either the carboxyl (1st) or the terminal (18th) carbon of the fatty acid chain. By keeping the fish in hermetically closed aquaria, all the respired, assimilated and excreted radioactivity could be accounted for. Fish fed 9,10-dichlorostearic acid labelled in the terminal end respired radioactive CO2 to a much lower degree than fish fed the other test compounds. As a consequence, the radioactivity bound in lipids was higher in the group of fish fed dichlorostearic acid labelled in the terminal end. It is suggested that the chlorine atoms in the middle of the carbon chain obstruct the metabolic turn-over of 9,10-dichlorostearic acid, which may have an impact on the residence time of these compounds in the ecosystem.
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- Naver, L, et al.
(author)
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Appropriate prophylaxis with restrictive palivizumab regimen in preterm children in Sweden
- 2004
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In: Acta Pædiatrica. - 1651-2227. ; 93:11, s. 1470-1473
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim: Palivizumab (Synagis(R)(R)) was registered in Sweden in 1999 for prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in premature infants. The high costs and the limited knowledge of the efficacy of this substance have led to debate about how and when it should be used. National guidelines for the use of palivizumab in Sweden were constructed in the year 2000. The aim of this study was to evaluate the guidelines. Methods: A nation-wide prospective study was conducted during the two RSV seasons of the years 2000-2002. The paediatric departments in Sweden reported the use of palivizumab, the indication for its use, and the number of infants born preterm before 36 wk of gestation and less than 2 y old who were admitted to hospital for RSV infection. Results: During the two seasons, 218 (3.8%) children who were born before 36 wk of gestation, and 97 (5.4%) who were born before 33 wk, were hospitalized because of RSV infection. Five children were treated with mechanical ventilation. No death caused by RSV was reported. A total of 390 children were treated with palivizumab, and 16 (4.1%) of those who received prophylactic treatment were admitted to hospital with RSV infection. Conclusion: We consider the comparatively restrictive Swedish recommendations to be safe and recommend that palivizumab should also be used very restrictively in the future. In our opinion, palivizumab in preterm children could be recommended only for those with chronic lung disease younger than 1 y of age, and with active treatment for their disease.
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- Naver, Lars, et al.
(author)
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Appropriate prophylaxis with restrictive palivizumab regimen in preterm children in Sweden
- 2004
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In: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 93:11, s. 1470-1473
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- AIM: Palivizumab (Synagis) was registered in Sweden in 1999 for prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in premature infants. The high costs and the limited knowledge of the efficacy of this substance have led to debate about how and when it should be used. National guidelines for the use of palivizumab in Sweden were constructed in the year 2000. The aim of this study was to evaluate the guidelines. METHODS: A nation-wide prospective study was conducted during the two RSV seasons of the years 2000-2002. The paediatric departments in Sweden reported the use of palivizumab, the indication for its use, and the number of infants born preterm before 36 wk of gestation and less than 2 y old who were admitted to hospital for RSV infection. RESULTS: During the two seasons, 218 (3.8%) children who were born before 36 wk of gestation, and 97 (5.4%) who were born before 33 wk, were hospitalized because of RSV infection. Five children were treated with mechanical ventilation. No death caused by RSV was reported. A total of 390 children were treated with palivizumab, and 16 (4.1%) of those who received prophylactic treatment were admitted to hospital with RSV infection. CONCLUSION: We consider the comparatively restrictive Swedish recommendations to be safe and recommend that palivizumab should also be used very restrictively in the future. In our opinion, palivizumab in preterm children could be recommended only for those with chronic lung disease younger than 1 y of age, and with active treatment for their disease.
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