| 1. |
- Fang, Hsin-Yu, et al.
(author)
-
Hypoxia-inducible factors 1 and 2 are important transcriptional effectors in primary macrophages experiencing hypoxia
- 2009
-
In: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 1528-0020 .- 0006-4971. ; 114:4, s. 844-859
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Ischemia exists in many diseased tissues, including arthritic joints, atherosclerotic plaques, and malignant tumors. Macrophages accumulate in these sites and up-regulate hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIFs) 1 and 2 in response to the hypoxia present. Here we show that the gene expression profile in primary human and murine macrophages changes markedly when they are exposed to hypoxia for 18 hours. For example, they were seen to up-regulate the cell surface receptors, CXCR4 and GLUT1, and the potent, tumor-promoting cytokines, vascular endothelial growth factor A, interleukin (IL)-1 beta and IL-8, adrenomedullin, CXCR4, and angiopoietin-2. Hypoxia also stimulated their expression and/or phosphorylation of various proteins in the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) signaling pathway. We then used both genetic and pharmacologic methods to manipulate the levels of HIFs-1 alpha and 2 alpha or NF-kappa B in primary macrophages to elucidate their role in the hypoxic induction of many of these key genes. These studies showed that both HIF-1 and -2, but not NF-kappa B, are important transcriptional effectors regulating the responses of macrophages to such a period of hypoxia. Further studies using experimental mouse models are now warranted to investigate the role of such macrophage responses in the progression of various diseased tissues, such as malignant tumors. (Blood. 2009; 114: 844-859)
|
|
| 2. |
- Lofstedt, T, et al.
(author)
-
Hypoxia inducible factor-2alpha in cancer
- 2007
-
In: Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.). - : Informa UK Limited. - 1551-4005 .- 1538-4101. ; 6:8, s. 919-926
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)
|
|
| 3. |
- Passoth, V., et al.
(author)
-
Biotechnology, physiology and genetics of the yeast Pichia anomala
- 2006
-
In: FEMS yeast research (Print). - Oxon, United Kingdom : Blackwell Publishing. - 1567-1356 .- 1567-1364. ; 6:1, s. 3-13
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The ascomycetous yeast Pichia anomala is frequently associated with food and feed products, either as a production organism or as a spoilage yeast. It belongs to the nonSaccharomyces wine yeasts and contributes to the wine aroma by the production of volatile compounds. The ability to grow in preserved food and feed environments is due to its capacity to grow under low pH, high osmotic pressure and low oxygen tension. A new application of P. anomala is its use as a biocontrol agent, which is based on the potential to inhibit a variety of moulds in different environments. Although classified as a biosafety class-1 organism, cases of P. anomala infections have been reported in immunocompromised patients. On the other hand, P. anomala killer toxins have a potential as antimicrobial agents. The yeast can use a broad range of nitrogen and phosphor sources, which makes it a potential agent to decrease environmental pollution by organic residues from agriculture. However, present knowledge of the physiological basis of its performance is limited. Recently, the first studies have been published dealing with the global regulation of the metabolism of P. anomala under different conditions of oxygenation.
|
|
