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- Juliusson, Gunnar, et al.
(author)
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Attitude towards remission induction for elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia influences survival.
- 2006
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In: Leukemia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5551 .- 0887-6924. ; 20:1, s. 42-47
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Combination chemotherapy may induce remission from acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but validated criteria for treatment of elderly are lacking. The remission intention ( RI) rate for elderly patients, as reported to the Swedish Leukemia Registry, was known to be different when comparing the six health care regions, but the consequences of different management are unknown. The Leukemia Registry, containing 1672 AML patients diagnosed between 1997 and 2001, with 98% coverage and a median follow-up of 4 years, was completed with data from the compulsory cancer and population registries. Among 506 treated and untreated patients aged 70-79 years with AML (non-APL), there was a direct correlation between the RI rate in each health region ( range 36-76%) and the two-year overall survival, with no censored observations (6-21%) ( v 2 for trend = 11.3, P < 0.001; r(2) = 0.86, P < 0.02, nonparametric). A 1-month landmark analysis showed significantly better survival in regions with higher RI rates ( P = 0.003). Differences could not be explained by demographics, and was found in both de novo and secondary leukemias. The 5-year survival of the overall population aged 70-79 years was similar between the regions. Survival of 70-79-year-old AML patients is better in regions where more elderly patients are judged eligible for remission induction.
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| 2. |
- Fredriksson, Hasse, et al.
(author)
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A model of liquid metals and its relation to the solidification process
- 2005
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In: Materials Science & Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 0921-5093 .- 1873-4936. ; 413, s. 455-459
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- X-ray analysis shows that a liquid is build up of clusters of atoms with a certain number of nearest neighbours. The X-ray analysis shows that 8-11 nearest neighbours surround each atom. Each cluster has a crystal-like structure. Between the clusters there are some free atoms and free electrons. The enthalpy of fusion is according to Richard's rule around the gas constant times the temperature of melting and the heat capacity in the liquid state is normally constant and for some metals lower than that in the solid state. For metals with low melting points it will decrease further with increasing temperature. This behaviour of the metals can be explained by the use of statistical mechanics and by assuming that the clusters, observed by X-ray analysis are rotating around a centre of its mass. The cluster model is applied to explain the diffusion rate in liquid metals. The effect of the experimental set upon measurements of diffusion constants is discussed as well as its effect on crystal growth.
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| 4. |
- Ahmed, R K S, et al.
(author)
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Antigen-specific beta-chemokine production and CD8(+) T-cell noncytotoxic antiviral activity in HIV-2-infected individuals
- 2005
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. - : Wiley. - 1365-3083 .- 0300-9475. ; 61:1, s. 63-71
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Human immunodeficiency virus-2 (HIV-2) is less pathogenic than HIV-1, and the disease progression in HIV-2-infected individuals seems to be similar to that seen in HIV-1-infected long-term nonprogressors. Cell-mediated immune responses and the production of noncytotoxic CD8(+) T-cell antiviral factors (CAF) and beta-chemokines have been correlated to protection against HIV-1 and associated with asymptomatic infection and slower disease progression. We investigated the antigen-induced beta-chemokine production in HIV-2-infected patients living in Sweden and in Guinea-Bissau. We also compared in vitro CD8(+) T-cell-mediated noncytotoxic antiviral activity against beta-chemokine-sensitive R5 virus (HIV-1(Bal)) and beta-chemokine-insensitive X4 virus (HIV-1(IIIB)) in HIV-2-infected patients with that in HIV-1-infected patients. HIV-2-specific beta-chemokine production was demonstrated in a majority of the HIV-2-infected subjects. CD8(+) T cells of both HIV-1 and HIV-2-infected individuals suppressed R5 virus replication in vitro in a similar manner, while the inhibition of X4 virus replication seemed to be more frequent and of a higher magnitude among HIV-2-infected patients compared to HIV-1-infected subjects. Taken together, our results indicate that the production of CD8(+) T-cell noncytotoxic antiviral factors may contribute to the low transmission of the virus and slower disease progression in HIV-2-infected patients.
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| 5. |
- Bjarnadóttir, Thóra K., et al.
(author)
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Comprehensive repertoire and phylogenetic analysis of the G-protein-coupled receptors in human and mouse
- 2006
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In: Genomics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0888-7543 .- 1089-8646. ; 88:3, s. 263-273
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Understanding differences in the repertoire of orthologous gene pairs is vital for interpretation of pharmacological and physiological experiments if conclusions are conveyed between species. Here we present a comprehensive dataset for G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in both human and mouse with a phylogenetic road map. We performed systematic searches applying several search tools such as BLAST, BLAT, and Hidden Markov models and searches in literature data. We aimed to gather a full-length version of each human or mouse GPCR in only one copy referring to a single chromosomal position. Moreover, we performed detailed phylogenetic analysis of the transmembrane regions of the receptors to establish accurate orthologous pairs. The results show the identity of 495 mouse and 400 human functional nonolfactory GPCRs. Overall, 329 of the receptors are found in one-to-one orthologous pairs, while 119 mouse and 31 human receptors originate from species-specific expansions or deletions. The average percentage similarity of the orthologue pairs is 85%, while it varies between the main GRAFS families from an average of 59 to 94%. The orthologous pairs for the lipid-binding GPCRs had the lowest levels of conservation, while the biogenic amines had highest levels of conservation. Moreover, we searched for expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and identified more than 17,000 ESTs matching GPCRs in mouse and human, providing information about their expression patterns. On the whole, this is the most comprehensive study of the gene repertoire that codes for human and mouse GPCRs. The datasets are available for downloading.
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