| 1. |
- Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O., et al.
(author)
-
Determinants of morbidity and mortality following emergency abdominal surgery in children in low-income and middle-income countries
- 2016
-
In: BMJ Global Health. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2059-7908. ; 1:4
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Child health is a key priority on the global health agenda, yet the provision of essential and emergency surgery in children is patchy in resource-poor regions. This study was aimed to determine the mortality risk for emergency abdominal paediatric surgery in low-income countries globally.Methods: Multicentre, international, prospective, cohort study. Self-selected surgical units performing emergency abdominal surgery submitted prespecified data for consecutive children aged <16 years during a 2-week period between July and December 2014. The United Nation's Human Development Index (HDI) was used to stratify countries. The main outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality, analysed by multilevel logistic regression.Results: This study included 1409 patients from 253 centres in 43 countries; 282 children were under 2 years of age. Among them, 265 (18.8%) were from low-HDI, 450 (31.9%) from middle-HDI and 694 (49.3%) from high-HDI countries. The most common operations performed were appendectomy, small bowel resection, pyloromyotomy and correction of intussusception. After adjustment for patient and hospital risk factors, child mortality at 30 days was significantly higher in low-HDI (adjusted OR 7.14 (95% CI 2.52 to 20.23), p<0.001) and middle-HDI (4.42 (1.44 to 13.56), p=0.009) countries compared with high-HDI countries, translating to 40 excess deaths per 1000 procedures performed.Conclusions: Adjusted mortality in children following emergency abdominal surgery may be as high as 7 times greater in low-HDI and middle-HDI countries compared with high-HDI countries. Effective provision of emergency essential surgery should be a key priority for global child health agendas.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Aref, Thomas, 1980, et al.
(author)
-
Quantum Acoustics with Surface Acoustic Waves
- 2016
-
In: Superconducting Devices in Quantum Optics. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319240916 ; , s. 217-244
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- It has recently been demonstrated that surface acoustic waves (SAWs) can interact with superconducting qubits at the quantum level. SAW resonators in the GHz frequency range have also been found to have low loss at temperatures compatible with superconducting quantum circuits. These advances open up new possibilities to use the phonon degree of freedom to carry quantum information. In this chapter, we give a description of the basic SAW components needed to develop quantum circuits, where propagating or localized SAW-phonons are used both to study basic physics and to manipulate quantum information. Using phonons instead of photons offers new possibilities which make these quantum acoustic circuits very interesting. We discuss general considerations for SAW experiments at the quantum level and describe experiments both with SAW resonators and with interaction between SAWs and a qubit. We also discuss several potential future developments.
|
|
| 4. |
- Beusch, Peter, 1967, et al.
(author)
-
Enabling levers of control (LOC) practices for sustainability
- 2019
-
In: 42 EAA Annual Congress, Paphos, Cyprus, May 29th to May 31st, 2019..
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Sustainability has become to be a key issue in many companies but managers struggle to enact sustainability strategies into real action. Research that explores the process whereby the integration of management control systems (MCS) and sustainability control systems (SCS) support this activity in organizations is starting to emerge. This longitudinal study contributes to this line of research by examining the efforts of a large industrial firm to align all control systems (MCS and SCS) to support the implementation of its sustainability strategy. The study explores and discusses interdependencies among Simons’ (1994) Levers of Control (LOC) that are relevant for that alignment, identifies challenges to full integration of the systems and expands elements of Gond et al.’s (2012) approach to the integration and uses of MCS and SCSs in supporting a sustainability strategy. Results suggest a need for an expanded understanding of the notion of integration and what this means in terms of control system design and use. They also indicate that not only the presence but also the properties and use of the LOC’s at certain stages is important to supporting the implementation of a sustainability strategy. Finally, the paper addresses the issue of whether or not radical changes in management control practices are needed to promote real corporate sustainability.
|
|
| 5. |
- Beusch, Peter, 1967, et al.
(author)
-
Management Control for Sustainability: The development of a fully integrated strategy
- 2016
-
In: Management Accounting Section Meeting: Research and Case Conference, January 6-9, 2016, Dallas, Texas, USA..
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Managers struggle to translate sustainability strategies into actions. This study examines the use of a management control system (MCS) and sustainability control system (SCS) to support the implementation of an integrated sustainability strategy. It is based on in-depth interviews with key finance and sustainability managers in a Swedish global industrial company. We draw upon the levers of control (LOC) concept to analyze the organization’s use of MCS and SCS. The interactive components of the firm’s SCS are characterized by dialogue between strategic and tactical level managers in a non-invasive environment. Thus, the firm deploys these strategic performance controls in an enabling as opposed to a constraining fashion. Strategic validity controls, however, are only well-developed for a subset of the firm’s products and services. These findings suggest that the manner in which an organization deploys interactive controls within its SCS is influenced strongly by the organization’s culture and the industry in which it operates. The organization’s MCS and SCS exhibit technical integration, but faces challenges with respect to organizational and cognitive integration. Yet, technical integration appears to compensate in part for the lack of integration along the other two dimensions. This study contributes to an emerging body of research that adapts management control frameworks to examine the relationship between strategy and sustainability.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Edvinsson, Marie, et al.
(author)
-
Trace Element Changes in Thoracic Aortic Dissection
- 2016
-
In: Biological Trace Element Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0163-4984 .- 1559-0720. ; 169:2, s. 159-163
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Thoracic aortic dissection is a life-threatening condition with an incompletely understood pathogenesis. Trace elements are essential for the functioning of different processes in the body, including the immune system and associated responses to infection/inflammation. Because inflammation may be part of the pathogenesis of thoracic aortic dissection, we investigated whether trace element changes associated with inflammation occur in serum and tissue samples during the disease. The study included 21 patients undergoing surgery for thoracic aortic dissection, 10 forensic autopsy specimens for tissue controls and 23 healthy blood donors for serum controls. Levels of magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), vanadium (V), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), selenium (Se), cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg) were measured in the aortic tissue and serum by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). In the serum, Ca, V, Cu and Zn decreased, whereas Fe increased. In the tissue, Cu and Zn decreased and Fe tended to increase. The Cu/Zn ratio in the serum, a marker of infection/inflammation, did not change in the patients. Concerning trace element changes in the serum and tissue, our data do not support the hypothesis that inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of thoracic aortic dissection.
|
|
| 8. |
- Frisk, Andreas, 1983-, et al.
(author)
-
Composition, structure and magnetic properties of ultra-thin Fe/Ni multilayers sputter deposited on epitaxial Cu/Si(001)
- 2018
-
In: Thin Solid Films. - : Elsevier BV. - 0040-6090 .- 1879-2731. ; 646, s. 117-125
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Sputter deposited symmetric multilayers of (n Fe)/(n Ni), with individual thicknesses from n = 4 to n = 48 monolayers (ML), were deposited on epitaxial Cu/Si(001), and their microstructural evolution and magnetic properties versus n have been studied. Elemental layering can be seen with transmission electron microscopy down to n = 4 ML layer thickness, although an intermixed region characterized by a finite interface width is found to be present. This width is composed of the interface roughness as well as the interdiffusion between layers, but the relative contributions from these two sources could not be concluded by the techniques used. The measured elemental layering and X-ray reflectivity (XRR) give an upper limit to the interface width which must be smaller than the thinnest layers, 4 ML. Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), depth profiling X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and also XRR reveal that Fe has a higher tendency to mix with Ni than vice versa. XPS does not have the resolution to measure this thin elemental layering: composition variations for n = 8 ML which are clearly seen by EELS are barely resolved by XPS. The structure was determined by X-ray diffraction, and an epitaxial fcc (001) structure is found to be maintained throughout the multilayers up to n less than or similar to 8 ML. For larger n values, relaxation starts by Fe-fcc(001) layers changing into Fe-bcc(110), which is then followed by Ni-fcc(001) changing from (001) to (111) orientation along the growth direction. A decreased total measured magnetic moment for the fully epitaxial multilayers can be explained by the fcc Fe layers being partly anti-ferromagnetic, whereas the relaxed multilayers exhibit the expected magnetic properties of (bcc Fe) +(fcc Ni).
|
|
| 9. |
- Frisk, Andreas, et al.
(author)
-
Strain Engineering for Controlled Growth of Thin-Film FeNi L10
- 2017
-
In: Journal of Physics D. - : IOP Publishing. - 0022-3727 .- 1361-6463. ; 50:8
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- FeNi thin films in the L1(0) phase were successfully grown by magnetron sputtering on HF-etched Si(001) substrates on Cu/Cu100-xNix buffers. The strain of the FeNi layer, (c/a)(FeNi), was varied in a controlled manner by changing the Ni content of the Cu100-xNix buffer layer from x = 0 at.% to x = 90 at.%, which influenced the common in- plane lattice parameter of the CuNi and FeNi layers. The presence of the L1(0) phase was confirmed by resonant x-ray diffraction measurements at various positions in reciprocal space. The uniaxial magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy K-U is observed to be smaller (around 0.35 MJ m(-3)) than predicted for a perfect FeNi L1(0) sample, but it is larger than for previously studied films. No notable variation in K-U with strain state (c/a)(FeNi) is observed in the range achieved (0.99 less than or similar to (c/a)(FeNi) less than or similar to 1.02), which is in agreement with theoretical predictions.
|
|
| 10. |
- Frisk, Liselotte, 1959-, et al.
(author)
-
Guds nya barnbarn : Att växa upp i kontroversiella religiösa grupper
- 2017
-
Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Hur är det att vara barn och växa upp i en religiös minoritetsgrupp som Hare Krishna, Scientologi-kyrkan, Jehovas Vittnen, Knutby Filadelfia, Plymouth-bröderna, Enighetskyrkan eller Guds Barn/Familjen? Boken bygger framför allt på ett 70-tal intervjuer med såväl vuxna som barn som vuxit upp i dessa grupper, samt på intervjuer med ett 20-tal föräldrar, men också på fältobservationer och textstudier av gruppernas material kring barn och barnuppfostran. Livsvillkoren för barnen kan vara mycket olika, bland annat för att de olika religiösa grupperna har olika ideologier och syn på barnuppfostran, men också på individuella omständigheter inom olika familjer, fas i gruppens utveckling samt samhällets gensvar och reaktioner på gruppen ifråga. Boken diskuterar teman som socialisation, identitet, avhopp och skolgång, men tar också upp farhågor kring dessa grupper som auktoritär uppfostran, aga, isolering från samhället, separationer mellan föräldrar och barn, och bristande omsorg vad gäller mat och hälsa. Författare är professor i religionsvetenskap Liselotte Frisk, Högskolan Dalarna, fil. dr Peter Åkerbäck, Stockholms Universitet, och doktorand Sanja Nilsson, Högskolan Dalarna och Göteborgs universitet.
|
|
