| 1. |
- Norderyd, Ola, et al.
(author)
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Oral health of individuals aged 3-80 years in Jonkoping, Sweden during 40 years (1973-2013)
- 2015
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In: Swedish Dental Journal. - : Swedish Dental Association. - 0347-9994. ; 39:2, s. 69-86
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this epidemiological study performed in 2013 was to analyze various clinical and radiographic data on oral health and compare the results to those of four cross-sectional studies carried out 1973-2003. In 1973,1983,1993,2003, and 2013 random samples of 1,000;1,104;1,078; 987; and 1,010 individuals, respectively, were studied. The individuals were evenly distributed in the age groups 3,5,10,15, 20,30,40,50, 60,70, and 8o years. Eighty-year-olds were not included in 1973. All subjects were inhabitants of the city of Jonkoping, Sweden.The clinical and radiographic examination assessed edentulousness, removable dentures, implants, number of teeth, caries, restorations, oral hygiene, calculus, periodontal status, and endodontic treatment.The frequency of edentulous individuals aged 40-70 years was 16,12, 8,1, and 0.3% in 1973,1983,1993, 2003, and 2013, respectively. No complete denture wearer younger than 80-years old was found in 2013. During the 40-year period, the mean number of teeth in the age groups 30-80 years increased. In 2013, the 60-year-olds had nearly complete dentitions. Implants were found in all age groups from 30 years of age. The total number of individuals with implants was 36 in 2013.This was higher than earlier surveys,4 in 1993, and 18 in 2003.The percentage of children and adults without caries and restorations increased during the 40-year period. It was found that the percentage of caries-free 3- and 5-year-olds were 79% and 69%, respectively, of the individuals in 2013. In the age groups 10-20 years, the percentage of caries-free individuals increased between 2003 and 2013. In 2013,43% of the 15-year-olds were completely free from caries and restorations compared to 20% in 2003. In all age groups 5-60 years, DFS was lower in 2013 compared to the earlier examinations. There was no major change in DFS between 2003 and 2013 in the age groups 70 and 80 years. The most obvious change was the decrease in number of FS over the 40 year period of time. Regarding crowned teeth the most clear changes between 1973 to 2013 were the decrease in percentage of crowned teeth in the age goups 4o and 50-year-olds. The percentage of endodontically treated teeth decreased between 1973 and 2013 in all age groups.In age groups-Jo-30-year-olds a major reduction from about 3o% to 15% in mean plaque score was seen between 1973-2003. Only a minor change in plaque score was seen during the last decade. For the age groups 40 years and older, a decrease in the percentage of surfaces with plaque was observed between 2003-2o13.The percentage of tooth sites with gingivitis was for zo years and older about 4o% in 1973. In 2013, the percentage was about15%. The frequency of sites with gingivitis was generally lower in 2013 compared with the other years:1973-1993.The percentage of individuals with probing pocket depths >4mm increased with age. Between 2003-2013 a clear reduction was seen in all age groups in frequency of individuals with probing pocket depth >4mm. Over the 40-year period an increase in the number of individuals with no marginal bone loss and a decrease in the number of subjects with moderate alveolar bone loss were seen.The continuous improvement in oral health and the reduced need of restorative treatment will seriously affect the provision of dental helath care and dental delivery system in the near future.
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| 2. |
- Åkesson, Marie-Louise, et al.
(author)
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Health-related quality of life and prospective caries development
- 2016
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In: BMC Oral Health. - : BioMed Central. - 1472-6831. ; 16
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The present study was conducted to prospectively assess the association between health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and the development of dental caries in adults in northern Sweden. The SF-36 questionnaire was used to estimate HRQoL.Methods: Adults who had (i) participated in a population-based health screening in northern Sweden between 2003 and 2009 and had completed the SF-36 questionnaire, and (ii) received a dental check-up within 1 year (n = 15,615) were included in the study. Of these, 9,838 had a second caries examination 2-7 years after the baseline recording. Information regarding SF-36, lifestyle factors and medical conditions was retrieved by questionnaires, and anthropometric status and blood lipid levels were measured. The association between dental caries (outcome) and SF-36 scores (exposure) with the inclusion of potential confounders was analysed by linear and logistic regression.Results: Caries increment increased significantly with decreasing scores for both physical and mental dimensions of SF-36 in women, but no association was seen in men. However, lifelong caries experience (DMFS) increased linearly with decreasing physical HRQoL in both men and women; this was also observed for the single dimension of mental HRQoL. The crude odds ratio for being in the highest caries quintile compared to the lowest when having the poorest physical HRQoL compared with the best physical HRQoL was 1.88 (95 % CI: 1.54-2.3). Several factors were identified as potential confounders in the associations between DMFS and SF-36 scores, including education level, smoking, age, medications, higher levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, body mass index and sugar intake. Except for education level and smoking, the effect sizes for the association between gradually decreasing SF-36 scores and increasing caries were generally moderate.Conclusions: Increased development of caries was associated with low physical HRQoL and some aspects of mental HRQoL. The mechanisms underlying these associations, which are likely confounded by both biological and lifestyle factors, remain to be elucidated. The study implies that, when possible, subjects with poor HRQoL would benefit from caries prevention measures meeting the underlying situation.
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