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- Dijken, Jan W.V. van, 1947-, et al.
(author)
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Samarbete breddar forskning : Oral Biomaterialgruppen, Umeå
- 2008
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In: Tandläkartidningen. - : Sveriges Tandläkarförbund. ; 100:5, s. 74-79
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Vid institutionen för odontologi vid Umeå Universitet finns en lång tradition av biomaterialforskning. För drygt två år sedan samlades större delen av den forskningen i ett vetenskapligt nätverk. Här beskrivs ett axplock av det breda forskningsarbetet.
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| 2. |
- Alexeyev, Oleg, et al.
(author)
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Association between the presence of bacterial 16S RNA in prostate specimens taken during transurethral resection of prostate and subsequent risk of prostate cancer (Sweden)
- 2006
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In: Cancer Causes and Control. - Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers. - 0957-5243 .- 1573-7225. ; 17:9, s. 1127-1133
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To study bacterial 16S RNA in archival prostate samples from 352 patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and evaluate whether the presence of bacterial DNA was different in those who later developed prostate cancer (n = 171) and in the matched controls that did not progress to cancer (n = 181).Methods: 16S DNA PCR followed by cloning and sequencing the positive samples.Results: In 96/352 (27%) of the prostate tissue specimens 16S RNA were detected. Sequence analysis revealed Propionibacterium acnes as the predominant microorganism (23% of 16S RNA positive patients). The second most frequent isolate—Escherichia coli was found in 12 (12%) patients. The other isolates included Pseudomonas sp. (3 patients), Actinomyces sp. (2), Streptococcus mutans (1), Corynebacterium sp. (2),Nocardioides sp. (1), Rhodococcus sp. (1) Veillonella sp. (2). In P. acnes positive samples 62% exhibited severe histological inflammation versus 50% in the bacteria-negative group (p = 0.602). The presence of P. acnes in the prostate was associated with prostate cancer development (OR 2.17, 95% CI 0.77–6.95).Conclusions: This study has revealed P. acnes as the most common bacteria in the prostate in BPH. Further studies are needed to clarify its role in contributing to the development of prostatic inflammation and prostate cancer.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Olsson, Mats, et al.
(author)
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The UGT2B17 gene deletion is not associated with prostate cancer risk
- 2008
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In: The Prostate. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0270-4137 .- 1097-0045. ; 68:5, s. 571-575
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Deletion polymorphism of the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B17 (UGT2B17) gene has been associated with an increased prostate cancer risk in two previous independent studies. Here we determine the risk in a large-scale population-based case-control study.METHODS: Genotyping was conducted with a 5'-nuclease activity assay to distinguish those with one or two UGT2B17 gene copies (ins/del and ins/ins) from individuals homozygous for the deletion (del/del) allele.RESULTS: In contrast to previous findings, no association between the UGT2B17 deletion polymorphism and prostate cancer risk was found. Furthermore the UGT2B17 gene deletion did not affect the risk for prostate cancer specific death.CONCLUSION: The UGT2B17 deletion polymorphism does not play a major role in prostate cancer susceptibility as previously indicated.
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| 5. |
- Sunnegårdh-Grönberg, Karin, 1969-, et al.
(author)
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Selection of dental materials and longevity of replaced restorations in Public Dental Health clinics in northern Sweden.
- 2009
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In: Journal of Dentistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0300-5712 .- 1879-176X. ; :37, s. 673-678
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To investigate the selection of direct restorative materials and longevity of replaced restorations in relation to operator and patients characteristics. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of treatment in practice, recording all new placements and replacements of direct restorations was performed during 2 weeks comprising all dentists within the Public Dental Health clinics in the county council of Västerbotten. RESULTS: A total of 2834 data collection sheets, one for each placed restoration, were received with a dropout of 10%. Restorations analyzed in the study were placed in permanent teeth in patients older than 15 years. First restorations placed due to primary caries were 671 and replacements 1536. Class II was the most frequently treated cavity followed by class I. The median longevity of replaced restorations was for amalgam, resin based composite and glass ionomer 16, 6 and 11 years, respectively. High caries risk patients showed shorter longevity for resin based composite restorations than low or moderate risk patients. Secondary caries as reason for failure for class II resin based composite restorations occurred significantly later than loss or fracture. Significantly longer longevity was observed for replaced restorations executed by more experienced dentists. CONCLUSIONS: The use of amalgam was negligible and the material was predominantly replaced by resin based composites in first and replaced restorations. Class II was the most frequent placed and replaced restorations. Caries risk and experience of operator influenced longevity of replacements.
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| 7. |
- Thellenberg Karlsson, Camilla, 1972-
(author)
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Prostate cancer : epidemiological studies of risk factors
- 2008
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In spite of the fact that prostate cancer is the most common male cancer in both Sweden and many other countries in the developed world, little is known of risk factors and predisposing conditions. The only well recognized risk factors are age, race and familial aggregation. More knowledge about risk factors could lead to better preventive measures together with better treatments. One way to evaluate this is to study second primary cancers; the connection between two different cancers can give valuable insight in etiology or clues to shared risk factors. This thesis aims at evaluating risk factors for prostate cancer. We constructed a cohort of 135,713 men diagnosed with prostate cancer and reported to the Swedish Cancer Registry 1958-1996. The cohort was followed for second primary cancers and a doubled risk of male breast cancer was found. We also noted increased risks for small intestine cancers and melanoma. As a follow-up on the increased risk of male breast cancer, we performed a nested case – control study. Included cases were men with first prostate and then breast cancer (n = 41) matched to men with only prostate cancer (n =81). For these men, we collected medical records and extracted data regarding treatment. Furthermore, all men diagnosed with both prostate and breast cancer irrespective which came first (n = 83) were used as probands. To both these sets of cases with breast and prostate cancer, we identified first degree relatives and grandchildren from parish offices throughout Sweden. Linking to the Cancer Registry retrieved all cancer diagnoses amongst relatives. Results from this study show a relation between estrogen treatment of prostate cancer and the risk of developing breast cancer. We also found that a small part of the cases with both cancers appeared in families with inheritance patterns possibly attributed to BRCA2. As estrogen treatment seemed involved in increased risk of breast cancer after prostate cancer, we wanted to investigate the newly discovered Estrogen receptor β and the relation to prostate cancer risk. Previous reports have shown that ERβ acts as a negative regulator of proliferation. ERβ expression occurs mainly in prostatic epithelial cells and the expression gradually diminishes when cancer develops and aggravates. We used a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) association study approach to evaluate genetic variation in ERβ as a risk factor for prostate cancer. One SNP, located in the promoter region associated with a small increased risk of prostate cancer whereas variation in the rest of the gene did not. In the last paper, we investigated trans-urethral resection (TURP) of the prostate due to benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) as a risk factor for later development of prostate cancer. Evidence has gathered that both BPH and prostate cancer are associated to inflammation. By comparing incidence and mortality in a cohort of 7,901 men with the general population there appeared to be an increased risk of prostate cancer but decreased mortality. Analyzing this increased risk further, we conducted a nested case - control study with men extracted from the cohort. Cases had a TURP and later developed prostate cancer and controls just had a TURP. We then evaluated the specimens from TURP regarding extent of inflammation, degree of androgen receptor down regulation and expression of p53, all factors previous associated with prostate cancer. None of these parameters differed between cases and controls and they can therefore not explain the increased risk. Decreased mortality but increased risk might be explained by surveillance bias, which means more medical attention to these patients, resulting in diagnosing clinically non-significant cancers. In summary, our results show a doubled risk of male breast cancer following prostate cancer. A risk that can be attributed to the use of estrogen to treat prostate cancer or to some extent a possible mutation in BRCA2. We also propose that a SNP change in the ERβ promoter confer a small increased risk of prostate cancer. A small risk elevation of prostate cancer following TURP most probable could depend on surveillance bias.
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