| 1. |
- Arup, Ulf, et al.
(author)
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Is Rhizoplaca (Lecanorales, lichenized Ascomycota) a monophyletic genus?
- 2000
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In: Canadian Journal of Botany. - 0008-4026. ; 78:3, s. 318-327
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Rhizoplaca Zopf is a genus characterized by an umbilicate thallus with an upper and a lower cortex, as well as a cupulate hypothecium. It has been considered to be related to Lecanora Ach., the type genus of the Lecanoraceae and, in particular, to the lobate species of this genus. The phylogeny of Rhizoplaca, the monotypic Arctopeltis thuleana Poelt, and a number of representatives of different groups of Lecanora is studied, using sequences from the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions. The results suggest an origin for Rhizoplaca species within the large genus Lecanora. A well-supported monophyletic assemblage includes the umbilicate type species Rhizoplaca melanophthalma (DC.) Leuck. & Poelt, the lobate Lecanora novomexicana H. Magn., and five vagrant Rhizoplaca species. Rhizoplaca chrysoleuca (Sm.) Zopf and Rhizoplaca subdicrepans (Nyl.) R. Sant. form a separate well-supported group and Rhizoplaca peltata (Ram.) Leuck. & Poelt is more closely related to Lecanora muralis (Schreb.) Rabenh. Together with data on secondary chemistry, the results show that the umbilicate thallus with a lower and an upper cortex, as well as apothecia with a cupulate hypothecium found in Rhizoplaca and A. thuleana, have developed several times in independant lineages in Lecanora. The thallus morphology in lecanoroid lichens is highly variable and does not necessarily reflect phylogenetic relationships.
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| 2. |
- Grube, M, et al.
(author)
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A phylogenetic study of the Lecanora rupicola group (Lecanoraceae, Ascomycota)
- 2004
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In: Mycological Research. - 0953-7562. ; 108:5, s. 506-514
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A molecular phylogeny of the Lecanora rupicola group is presented, based on ITS sequence analyses. The study includes saxicolous and corticolous members of the Lecanora rupicola group as well as other Lecanora species with pruinose apothecia. A phylogenetic hypothesis for species in Lecanora s. lat. and various other genera in Lecanoraceae, based on an alignment-free distance estimation technique, shows that the Lecanora rupicola group forms a monophyletic clade within Lecanoraceae. Affinities to the core group of Lecanora are not well supported, likewise the monophyly of Lecanora s. str. with other species groups in Lecanora, such as the lobate taxa (and Rhizoplaca) is not supported. A more detailed analysis involving Lecanora species with pruinose apothecial discs was carried out with model-based Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (B/MCMC) tree sampling. The results suggest the monophyly of the Lecanora species that are characterized by the presence of chromones. Corticolous as well as saxicolous species are included. Lepraria flavescens is closely related to the Lecanora swartzii subgroup, and the new name Lecanora rouxii nom. nov. is introduced for that species. Other Lecanora species with pruinose discs are riot closely related to the Lecanora rupicola group.
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| 3. |
- Grube, M, et al.
(author)
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Molecular and morphological evolution in the Physciaceae (Lecanorales, lichenized Ascomycotina), with special emphasis on the genus Rinodina
- 2001
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In: Lichenologist. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0024-2829. ; 33:1, s. 63-72
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A phylogenetic hypothesis based on nuclear ITS sequence data is presented for the family Physciaceae, based on various representatives of foliose and fruticose groups and a number of species selected from the crustose genera Rinodina and Buellia s.l. The analysis supports the monophyly of the Physcia- and the Buellia-groups. This is in agreement with existing morphological evidence, particularly ascus characters. The Physcia group in the analysis includes the genera Anaptychia, Heterodermia, Hyperphyscia, Mobergia, Phaeophyscia, Phaeorrhiza, Physcia, Physconia, Rinodina, and Rinodinella, while the Buellia group includes Amandinea, Buellia and Diploicia. The genera Physcia, Phaeophyscia, Phaeorrhiza and Rinodinella were well supported as monophyletic groups. The support for Physconia is low. Rinodina and Buellia are not supported as monophyletic genera. In agreement with ascus and ascospore characters, Buellia lindingeri is placed within the Rinodina group, close to R. lecanorina. The genus Amandinea as currently circumscribed was not supported as a monophyletic group. The analysis confirms results from other lichen families that foliose members have evolved more than once from crustose lichens. Rinodina and Rinodinella species without chemical compounds in their thalli form the sister group to Phaeophyscia, and both groups form a monophyletic assemblage. A more detailed analysis of the Physcia group is presented. Whilst several of the foliose genera were well supported, there is only poor support for traditionally accepted crustose genera. The taxonomic implications of these findings are discussed. (C) 2001 The British Lichen Society.
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