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- Saeed, Kordo, et al.
(author)
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The early identification of disease progression in patients with suspected infection presenting to the emergency department : A multi-centre derivation and validation study
- 2019
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In: Critical Care. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1364-8535. ; 23:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: There is a lack of validated tools to assess potential disease progression and hospitalisation decisions in patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with a suspected infection. This study aimed to identify suitable blood biomarkers (MR-proADM, PCT, lactate and CRP) or clinical scores (SIRS, SOFA, qSOFA, NEWS and CRB-65) to fulfil this unmet clinical need. Methods: An observational derivation patient cohort validated by an independent secondary analysis across nine EDs. Logistic and Cox regression, area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) and Kaplan-Meier curves were used to assess performance. Disease progression was identified using a composite endpoint of 28-day mortality, ICU admission and hospitalisation > 10 days. Results: One thousand one hundred seventy-five derivation and 896 validation patients were analysed with respective 28-day mortality rates of 7.1% and 5.0%, and hospitalisation rates of 77.9% and 76.2%. MR-proADM showed greatest accuracy in predicting 28-day mortality and hospitalisation requirement across both cohorts. Patient subgroups with high MR-proADM concentrations (≥ 1.54 nmol/L) and low biomarker (PCT < 0.25 ng/mL, lactate < 2.0 mmol/L or CRP < 67 mg/L) or clinical score (SOFA < 2 points, qSOFA < 2 points, NEWS < 4 points or CRB-65 < 2 points) values were characterised by a significantly longer length of hospitalisation (p < 0.001), rate of ICU admission (p < 0.001), elevated mortality risk (e.g. SOFA, qSOFA and NEWS HR [95%CI], 45.5 [10.0-207.6], 23.4 [11.1-49.3] and 32.6 [9.4-113.6], respectively) and a greater number of disease progression events (p < 0.001), compared to similar subgroups with low MR-proADM concentrations (< 1.54 nmol/L). Increased out-patient treatment across both cohorts could be facilitated using a derivation-derived MR-proADM cut-off of < 0.87 nmol/L (15.0% and 16.6%), with decreased readmission rates and no mortalities. Conclusions: In patients presenting to the ED with a suspected infection, the blood biomarker MR-proADM could most accurately identify the likelihood of further disease progression. Incorporation into an early sepsis management protocol may therefore aid rapid decision-making in order to either initiate, escalate or intensify early treatment strategies, or identify patients suitable for safe out-patient treatment.
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| 2. |
- Venge, Per, et al.
(author)
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Equal clinical performance of a novel point-of-care cardiac troponin I (cTnI) assay with a commonly used high-sensitivity cTnI assay
- 2017
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In: Clinica Chimica Acta. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0009-8981 .- 1873-3492. ; 469, s. 119-125
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Efficient rule-out of acute myocardial infarction (MI) facilitates early disposition of chest pain patients in emergency departments (ED). Point-of-care (POC) cardiac troponin (cTn) may improve patient throughput. We compared the diagnostic accuracy of a novel cTnI test (Minicare cTnI, Philips), with current POC cTnI (I-Stat, Abbott) and high-sensitivity central laboratory cTnI (hs-cTnI; Architect, Abbott) assays.Methods: The clinical performance of the assays were compared in samples from 450 patients from a previous clinical evaluation of Minicare cTnI.Results: Minicare cTnI correlated with Architect hs-cTnI (r(2) = 0.85, p < 0.0001) and I-Stat cTnI (r(2) = 0.93, p < 0.0001). Areas under the receiver operating characteristics curves were 0.87-0.91 at admission (p = ns) and 0.96-0.97 3 h after admission (p = ns). The negative predictive values (NPV) at admission were 95% ((92-97%, 95% CI) for Minicare cTnI and increased to 99% (97-100%) at 2-4 h, and similar to Architect hs-cTnI (98%, 96-100%), but higher than I-Stat cTnI (95%, 92-97%; p < 0.01). Negative likelihood ratios (LR) after 2-4 h were 0.06 (0.02-0.17, 95% CI) for Minicare cTnI, 0.11 (0.05-0.24) for Architect hs-cTnI (p = 0.02) and 0.28 (0.18-0.43) for I-Stat cTnI (p < 0.0001). The clinical concordances between Minicare cTnI and Architect hs-cTnI were 92% (admission) and 95% (2-4 h), with lower concordances between Minicare cTnI and I-Stat cTnI (83% and 78%, respectively; p = 0.007).Conclusions: The Minicare cTnI POC assay may become useful for prompt and safe ruling-out of AMI in ED patients with suspected AMI using a guideline supported 0/3 h sampling protocol.
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