| 1. |
- Menkveld, Albert J., et al.
(author)
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Nonstandard Errors
- 2024
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In: JOURNAL OF FINANCE. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0022-1082 .- 1540-6261. ; 79:3, s. 2339-2390
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In statistics, samples are drawn from a population in a data-generating process (DGP). Standard errors measure the uncertainty in estimates of population parameters. In science, evidence is generated to test hypotheses in an evidence-generating process (EGP). We claim that EGP variation across researchers adds uncertainty-nonstandard errors (NSEs). We study NSEs by letting 164 teams test the same hypotheses on the same data. NSEs turn out to be sizable, but smaller for more reproducible or higher rated research. Adding peer-review stages reduces NSEs. We further find that this type of uncertainty is underestimated by participants.
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| 2. |
- Berbakov, Maria E, et al.
(author)
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Adapting a community pharmacy intervention to improve medication safety.
- 2024
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In: Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhA. - 1544-3450. ; 64:1, s. 159-168
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Community pharmacies are an ideal location to address challenges of over-the-counter medication safety, yet many successful interventions are only tested in a few pharmacies without expansion, creating unrealized opportunities to improve patient care on a larger scale. Scaling up to numerous pharmacies can be challenging because each community pharmacy has unique needs and layouts and requires individualized adaptation.OBJECTIVES: This paper reports techniques for (a) adapting a community pharmacy intervention to fit the unique physical layout and patient needs of health system pharmacy sites without increasing staff workload, (b) identifying strategies to gather feedback on adaptations from stakeholders, and (c) developing materials to share with pharmacy champions for them to independently implement and sustain the intervention in their organization.PRACTICE DESCRIPTION: The study team collaborated with Aurora Pharmacy, Inc to develop an intervention designed to increase awareness of safe over-the-counter medication use for older adults.PRACTICE INNOVATION: Senior Safe, a community pharmacy-based intervention, was designed, implemented, and tested using the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, and Sustainment implementation framework.EVALUATION METHODS: Senior Safe was adapted through pilot testing and a randomized control trial. Feedback was collected from key stakeholders, including pharmacy staff, older adults, and a research advisory group.RESULTS: A finalized version of Senior Safe, as well as an implementation package, was provided to Aurora Pharmacy to integrate into all 63 sites.CONCLUSION: This multiphase study illustrated that refining an intervention is possible and welcomed by pharmacy staff, but it requires time, resources, and funds to create an impactful, sustainable community pharmacy intervention.
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| 3. |
- Wang, Yucheng, et al.
(author)
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Late Quaternary Dynamics of Arctic Biota from Ancient Environmental Genomics
- 2021
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In: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 600:7887, s. 86-92
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- During the last glacial–interglacial cycle, Arctic biotas experienced substantial climatic changes, yet the nature, extent and rate of their responses are not fully understood1–8. Here we report a large-scale environmental DNA metagenomic study of ancient plant and mammal communities, analysing 535 permafrost and lake sediment samples from across the Arctic spanning the past 50,000 years. Furthermore, we present 1,541 contemporary plant genome assemblies that were generated as reference sequences. Our study provides several insights into the long-term dynamics of the Arctic biota at the circumpolar and regional scales. Our key fndings include: (1) a relatively homogeneous steppe–tundra fora dominated the Arctic during the Last Glacial Maximum, followed by regional divergence of vegetation during the Holocene epoch; (2) certain grazing animals consistently co-occurred in space and time; (3) humans appear to have been a minor factor in driving animal distributions; (4) higher efective precipitation, as well as an increase in the proportion of wetland plants, show negative efects on animal diversity; (5) the persistence of the steppe–tundra vegetation in northern Siberia enabled the late survival of several now-extinct megafauna species, including the woolly mammoth until 3.9 ± 0.2 thousand years ago (ka) and the woolly rhinoceros until 9.8 ± 0.2 ka; and (6) phylogenetic analysis of mammoth environmental DNA reveals a previously unsampled mitochondrial lineage. Our fndings highlight the power of ancient environmental metagenomics analyses to advance understanding of population histories and long-term ecological dynamics
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| 4. |
- Wang, Yucheng, et al.
(author)
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Reply to: When did mammoths go extinct?
- 2022
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In: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 612:7938, s. 4-6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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