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- Akhtar, Saeed, et al.
(author)
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An Overview of Plant-Based Protein Rich Products
- 2022
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In: Plant Protein Foods. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783030912055 - 9783030912062 ; , s. 27-60
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Deleterious impact of animal meat production and consumption on environment and consumers health has developed interests for exploring relatively safer, healthier, and sustainable food sources. Promoting the production and consumption of plants as alternative to meat proteins do not merely conserve the ecosystem but also promote consumers health and well-being by consistent modification of their food consumption behaviors. Grains, legumes, nuts and edible seeds resources are being consumed as staple foods at various global regions and are referred as poor man’s meat. However, proteins and bioactive peptides from different sources differ in their functional properties depending on their composition and concentration but having good biological value as essential components in human diet. Incorporation of grains, legumes and nuts protein isolates in various formulated food products (seitan, tofu, hummus, Ezekiel bread, flakes, snacks, meat analogues, dairy alternatives) possess potential health benefits by reducing the risk of malnutrition and enhance the utility of these products to fight against the challenges of food insecurity and improve the environmental sustainability of food production. The chapter in hand thus provides a deeper insight of potential plant protein sources and their intended uses in food value-addition and food enrichment.
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| 3. |
- Azam, Kshaf, et al.
(author)
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A review on activated carbon modifications for the treatment of wastewater containing anionic dyes
- 2022
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In: Chemosphere. - : Elsevier. - 0045-6535 .- 1879-1298. ; 306
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Polluted water resources, particularly those polluted with industrial effluents' dyes, are carcinogenic and hence pose a severe threat to sustainable and longstanding worldwide development. Meanwhile, adsorption is a promising process for polluted/wastewater treatment. In particular, activated carbon (AC) is popular among various wastewater treatment adsorbents, especially in the organic contaminants' remediation in wastewater. Hence, the AC's synthesis from degradable and non-degradable resources, the carbon activation involved in the AC synthesis, and the AC's modification to cutting-edge and effective materials have been modern-research targets in recent years. Likewise, the main research focuses worldwide have been the salient AC characteristics, such as its surface chemistry, porosity, and enhanced surface area. Notably, various modified-AC synthesis methods have been employed to enhance the AC's potential for improved contaminants-removal. Hence, we critically analyze the different modified ACs (with enhanced (surface) functional groups and textural properties) of their capacity to remove different-natured anionic dyes in wastewater. We also discuss the corresponding AC modification techniques, the factors affecting the AC properties, and the modifying agents' influence on the AC's morphological/adsorptive properties. Finally, the AC research of future interest has been proposed by identifying the current AC research gaps, especially related to the AC's application in wastewater treatment.
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| 4. |
- Munir, M. Adeel, et al.
(author)
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Blockchain Adoption for Sustainable Supply Chain Management : Economic, Environmental, and Social Perspectives
- 2022
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In: Frontiers in Energy Research. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2296-598X. ; 10
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Due to the rapid increase in environmental degradation and depletion of natural resources, the focus of researchers is shifted from economic to socio-environmental problems. Blockchain is a disruptive technology that has the potential to restructure the entire supply chain for sustainable practices. Blockchain is a distributed ledger that provides a digital database for recording all the transactions of the supply chain. The main purpose of this research is to explore the literature relevant to blockchain for sustainable supply chain management. The focus of this review is on the sustainability of the blockchain-based supply chain concerning environmental conservation, social equality, and governance effectiveness. Using a systematic literature review, a total of 136 articles were evaluated and categorized according to the triple bottom-line aspects of sustainability. Challenges and barriers during blockchain adoption in different industrial sectors such as aviation, shipping, agriculture and food, manufacturing, automotive, pharmaceutical, and textile industries were critically examined. This study has not only explored the economic, environmental, and social impacts of blockchain but also highlighted the emerging trends in a circular supply chain with current developments of advanced technologies along with their critical success factors. Furthermore, research areas and gaps in the existing research are discussed, and future research directions are suggested. The findings of this study show that blockchain has the potential to revolutionize the entire supply chain from a sustainability perspective. Blockchain will not only improve the economic sustainability of the supply chain through effective traceability, enhanced visibility through information sharing, transparency in processes, and decentralization of the entire structure but also will help in achieving environmental and social sustainability through resource efficiency, accountability, smart contracts, trust development, and fraud prevention. The study will be helpful for managers and practitioners to understand the procedure of blockchain adoption and to increase the probability of its successful implementation to develop a sustainable supply chain network.
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| 6. |
- Pervjakova, Natalia, et al.
(author)
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Multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of gestational diabetes mellitus highlights genetic links with type 2 diabetes
- 2022
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In: Human Molecular Genetics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0964-6906 .- 1460-2083. ; 31:19, s. 3377-3391
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with increased risk of pregnancy complications and adverse perinatal outcomes. GDM often reoccurs and is associated with increased risk of subsequent diagnosis of type 2 diabetes (T2D). To improve our understanding of the aetiological factors and molecular processes driving the occurrence of GDM, including the extent to which these overlap with T2D pathophysiology, the GENetics of Diabetes In Pregnancy (GenDIP) Consortium assembled genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of diverse ancestry in a total of 5485 women with GDM and 347 856 without GDM. Through multi-ancestry meta-analysis, we identified five loci with genome-wide significant association (p < 5x10-8) with GDM, mapping to/near MTNR1B (p = 4.3x10-54), TCF7L2 (p = 4.0x10-16), CDKAL1 (p = 1.6 × 10-14), CDKN2A-CDKN2B (p = 4.1x10-9) and HKDC1 (p = 2.9x10-8). Multiple lines of evidence pointed to the shared pathophysiology of GDM and T2D: (i) four of the five GDM loci (not HKDC1) have been previously reported at genome-wide significance for T2D; (ii) significant enrichment for associations with GDM at previously reported T2D loci; (iii) strong genetic correlation between GDM and T2D; and (iv) enrichment of GDM associations mapping to genomic annotations in diabetes-relevant tissues and transcription factor binding sites. Mendelian randomisation analyses demonstrated significant causal association (5% false discovery rate) of higher body mass index on increased GDM risk. Our results provide support for the hypothesis that GDM and T2D are part of the same underlying pathology but that, as exemplified by the HKDC1 locus, there are genetic determinants of GDM that are specific to glucose regulation in pregnancy.
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| 7. |
- Waseem, Muhammad, et al.
(author)
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Effect of Microwave Heat Processing on Nutritional Indices, Antinutrients, and Sensory Attributes of Potato Powder-Supplemented Flatbread
- 2022
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In: Journal of Food Quality. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0146-9428 .- 1745-4557. ; 2022
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study aims at evaluating nutritional, toxicological, and sensory attributes of microwave heat-treated potato powder-supplemented unleavened flatbread. Straight-grade wheat flour (SGF) was substituted with potato powder at the rate of 2.5-10% d.w. A comparison was made for nutritional, antinutrient, and organoleptic attributes of microwave heat-treated potato powder and SGF - potato powder composite flour-based flatbreads. The results suggest processed potato powder supplementation in SGF to significantly (p<0.05) improve ash (0.48 to 0.63 g/100 g), dietary fiber (2.15 to 2.61 g/100 g), and protein (8.33 to 9.91 g/100 g) contents of composite chapatis. Likewise, significant (p<0.05) improvement in the concentration of microelements and trace elements was observed including Ca, Na, K, Fe, and Zn contents, which were increased from 29.7 to 33.5 mg/100 g, 2.8 to 6.3 mg/100 g, 376 to 466 mg/100 g, 3.1 to 3.4 mg/100 g, and 3.17 to 3.25 mg/100 g, respectively. Microwave heating of potato powder was observed to reduce the load of alkaloids, oxalates, tannins, and phytates of the raw potato powder at the rate of 76%, 80%, 84%, and 82%, respectively, thus anticipating a promising response to minimize toxicant load in supplemented flatbread. Supplementing potato powder in SGF elucidated significant (p<0.05) improvement in color values, i.e., a∗ (1.89-2.32) and b∗ (10.95-13.22), and increased product hardness from 3.17 to 7.9 N. The study concludes that microwave heat-treated potato powder yield improved nutritional and safety concerns of the consumers when used alone or as a supplement for developing composite flours based on value-added products.
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