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- Arikere, Adithya, 1987
(author)
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Vehicle Dynamic Opportunities in Electrified Vehicles for Active Safety Interventions
- 2015
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Although the sales of electrified vehicles is growing, studies indicatethat the growth is inadequate to sufficiently reduce CO2 emissions andmitigate global warming. Some form of added incentive is needed to driveelectrified vehicle sales. On the other hand, there is an increased needfor traffic safety due to the adoption of ambitious goals such as theVision Zero. This thesis attempts to identify vehicle dynamicopportunities to improve vehicle safety that are enhanced or enabled byelectrified drivetrains, thereby offering an opportunity to add value toelectrified vehicles and make them more attractive to consumers.As an example of a low hanging fruit, the possibility of accelerating anelectrified lead vehicle to mitigate the consequences of, or preventbeing struck from behind was investigated. A hypothetical AutonomousEmergency Acceleration (AEA) system (analogous to the AutomaticEmergency Braking (AEB) system) was envisioned and the safety benefitdue to the same was estimated. It was found that the AEA system offerssignificant opportunities for preventing or reducing injuries inrear-end collisions.The possibility of using propulsion to improve safety in an obstacleavoidance scenario in the presence of oncoming traffic was alsoinvestigated. In order to better understand the manoeuvre kinematics, alarge number of these cases with varying scenario parameters wereinvestigated in an optimal control framework. Analysis of the resultsshowed that, in this scenario, the obstacle length and the ratio ofoncoming vehicle to host vehicle velocities were the two most importantparameters which determined the extent of benefit that can be achievedwith propulsion. Based on this insight, more detailed investigationswere then done for fewer, but more extreme cases of the scenario toestimate the safety benefit due to propulsion both with restricted andunrestricted steering. Results showed that while significant benefit canbe achieved due to propulsion even with unrestricted steering, itsbenefit is amplified when the steering is restricted. Finally, simpleclosed loop wheel force controllers for lateral control were implementedin simulation. Investigations using the same showed that when performinglateral control alone in this scenario, it is beneficial to be able todo so without slowing the vehicle down which can be done with anelectrified drivetrain.In summary, several vehicle dynamic opportunities for improving safetyusing electrified drivetrains were identified. Detailed investigationsof select cases showed that significant safety benefit stands to begained by appropriate control of electrified drivetrains in the accidentscenarios. Consequently, a strong opportunity is seen for adding safetyrelated value to electrified vehicles at little to no extra cost.
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- Bjarklev, A., et al.
(author)
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Liquid crystal photonic crystal fiber
- 2004
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In: Optics InfoBase Conference Papers. ; FiO-2004
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A new class of hybrid photonic crystal fibers infiltrated with liquid crystals offers novel functionalities and ultimately takes full advantage of the different waveguiding effects demonstrated today. Among the most interesting possibilities, we demonstrate 'distributed' tunable filter and switching functionalities operating by the photonic bandgap effect.
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- Brady, Mark V., et al.
(author)
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Roadmap for valuing soil ecosystem services to inform multi-level decision-making in agriculture
- 2019
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In: Sustainability (Switzerland). - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 11:19
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Agricultural soils contribute to human welfare through their generation of manifold ecosystem services such as food security, water quality and climate regulation, but these are degraded by common farming practices. We have developed a roadmap for evaluating the contribution of both private- and public-good ecosystem services generated by agricultural soils to societal welfare. The approach considers the needs of decision-makers at different levels, from farmers to policy-makers. This we achieve through combining production functions-to quantify the impacts of alternative management practices on agricultural productivity and soil ecosystem services-with non-market valuation of changes in public-good ecosystem services and benefit-cost analysis. The results show that the net present value to society of implementing soil-friendly measures are substantial, but negative for farmers in our study region. Although we apply our roadmap to an intensive farming region in Sweden, we believe our results have broad applicability, because farmers do not usually account for the value of public-good ecosystem services. We therefore conclude that market outcomes are not likely to be generating optimal levels of soil ecosystem services from society's perspective. Innovative governance institutions are needed to resolve this market failure to safeguard the welfare of future generations.
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- Comanescu, Iulian, et al.
(author)
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Life time assessment of offshore water injection pipelines as a function of microbiologically influenced corrosion
- 2012
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Corrosion of water injection pipelines (WIP) in the oil and gas industry is a major issue involving potential premature life time predictions and unpredicted costs like periodic biocide treatment and pipeline pigging. This paper presents a part of a larger project concerned with improving understanding of the influence of bacterial activity on corrosion, as distinct from abiotic corrosion, in oil and gas transport systems for better management of pipeline systems. Observations are made concerning life time as a function of microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) risk and relationships between MIC, bacterial numbers and types, and water quality.
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- de Woul, Jonas, et al.
(author)
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Establishing analogies between the physics of extra dimensions and carbon nanotubes
- 2012
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In: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 714:1, s. 44-47
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We point out a conceptual analogy between the physics of extra spatial dimensions and the physics of carbon nanotubes which arises for principle reasons, although the corresponding energy scales are at least ten orders of magnitude apart. For low energies, one can apply the Kaluza-Klein description to both types of systems, leading to two completely different but consistent interpretations of the underlying physics. In particular, we discuss in detail the Kaluza-Klein description of armchair and zig-zag carbon nanotubes. Furthermore, we describe how certain experimental results for carbon nanotubes could be re-interpreted in terms of the Kaluza-Klein description. Finally, we present ideas for new measurements that could allow to probe concepts of models with extra spatial dimensions in table-top experiments, providing further links between condensed matter and particle physics.
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| 7. |
- Halysh, Vita, et al.
(author)
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Walnut shells as a potential low-cost lignocellulosic sorbent for dyes and metal ions
- 2018
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In: Cellulose. - : Springer. - 0969-0239 .- 1572-882X. ; 25:8, s. 4729-4742
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Currently, it is necessary to develop new methods and materials for solving the problem of environmental pollution by various toxicants. For these purposes, vegetal materials can be used. In this study, efficient low-cost sorbents based on walnut shells, an agro-industrial by-product, were prepared by treatment with acetic acid or a mixture of acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide. It was shown that the treatments significantly affected the composition and structure of walnut shells and their sorption properties with respect to organic dyes (methylene blue, methyl violet, and murexide) and heavy metal ions. Methylene blue dye was used for additional studies on the effect of pH, contact time and kinetics of sorption. The maximum adsorption rate of the dye occurred within the first 30 min of contact, during which the concentration of methylene blue in the solution was reduced by more than half. Full sorption equilibrium was reached within 180-230 min for studied samples. The adsorption kinetics of methylene blue was found to best be described by pseudo-second-order kinetic model. It was shown that dyes adsorption processes were well described by Freundlich model, which takes into consideration the heterogeneity of the surface of the adsorbent. The obtained plant sorbents are characterized by a high sorption capacity for heavy metal ions (18-29 mg/g for Fe3+ and 33-44 mg/g for Cu-2). Due to their numerous advantages, such as the high sorption capacity, high availability and low cost of raw materials, simplicity of disposal and nontoxicity, the obtained natural sorbents may have a wide practical use in industrial wastewater treatment. [GRAPHICS] .
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| 8. |
- Himmelstrand, Ulf
(author)
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Sociologin och det offentliga samtalet
- 2001
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In: Sociologisk forskning. - : Sveriges Sociologförbund. - 0038-0342 .- 2002-066X. ; 38:1, s. 92-94
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 9. |
- Jönson, Ulf, 1962-
(author)
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Bråkiga, lösaktiga och nagelbitande barn : Om barn och barnproblem vid en rådgivningsbyrå i Stockholm 1933-1950
- 1997
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In 1933 an advice and counselling bureau was established in Stockholm by the Childrens Welfare Board. This initiative was partly inspired by the mental health movement and the American child guidance clinics and the aim was to use the latest insights in psychiatry and psychology in order to offer advice and support for parents and other "upbringers of children" or, with a more cogent formulation, to "bring up the upbringers". The overall aim of this study is to investigate this bureau as an example of how the growth of the modern welfare state has affected the meanings of childhood during the 20th century, especially in what way notions of child normality and deviance are a result of political processes and professionals' interaction with children and parents. Children were reported to the bureau by their parents, by the school and by the Childrens Welfare Board itself. It thereby became an answer to institutional demands. The bulk of the bureau's caseload consisted of children of school-age. The ideas held by the professionals and also the methods of examining the children had an impact on conceptions of normality and deviance. While the medical examinations implied a biological view of the normal, intelligence testing was built on statistical notions of normality. These conceptions of normality sometimes had a tendency to mix, for instance when decisions concerning sterilization for eugenic purposes were based upon low performance in intelligence tests. The bureau's practice included both elements of social control and of support and the professionals took both moralistic and empathic standpoints toward the children and their parents. In this way the practise at the bureau sometimes could seem somewhat ambiguous. On the one hand children could seek, and also get, help in troublesome situations and the bureau could very much be said to be on the children's side. But on the other hand the bureau assisted to some extent in the national population policies in the inter-war years by suggesting teenagers for sterilization in accordance with Sweden's eugenic laws.
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