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- Baudin, K, et al.
(author)
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Sputtering of large size clusters from solids bombarded by high energy cluster ions and fullerenes
- 1996
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In: NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0168-583X. ; 112:1-4, s. 59-63
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- It is shown that polyatomic ions at high energy (MeV) are able to emit large size cluster ions with a high yield when they bombard solid surfaces. Results on sputtering of clusters ejected from inorganic and organic targets as well as sputtering of C-n(-)
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- Streubel, K., et al.
(author)
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Long wavelength vertical cavity lasers
- 1999
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In: Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. - San Jose, CA, USA. ; 3625:Bellingham, WA, United States, s. 304-314
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We report on three novel vertical cavity laser (VCL) structures for 1.55 Όm operation. Two of the VCL structures utilize an n-type GaInAsP/InP Bragg mirror combined with an Al(Ga)As/GaAs mirror using either wafer-fusion or metamorphic epitaxial growth. The third VCL employs two wafer fused AlGaAs/GaAs mirrors, in which lateral current confinement is obtained by localized fusion of the p-mirror. All three VCLs use strained GaInAsP quantum wells as active material and achieve continuous-wave (CW) operation at room-temperature or above. The single fused VCL operates up to 17 °C and 101 °C in continuous-wave and pulsed mode, respectively. The monolithic VCL-structure with a metamorphic GaAs/AlAs n-type mirror uses a reversed biased tunnel junction for current injection. This laser achieves record high output power (1mW) at room temperature and operates CW up to 45 °C. The double fused VCLs with a 10×10 Όm2 active area operate CW up to 30 °C with threshold current as low as 2.5 mA and series resistance of 30 Ohms. The emission spectra exhibit a single lasing mode polarized with 30 dB extinction ratio and a spectral linewidth of 150 MHz.
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