| 1. |
- Burlakovs, Juris, 1977-, et al.
(author)
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Fluorescence Spectroscopy – Applied Tool for Organic Matter Analysis
- 2019
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In: <em>Goldschmidt Abstracts</em>, 2019.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Large applied projects in various sub-fields of environmental science studied and analyzed properties of organic matter. The “Life-Sure” is as continuation of started work for cost effective bottom sediments treatment where organic matter play important role of sorption of urban contaminants; “CONTRA” - beach wrack studies for advanced value-based bioeconomy development. Another project on Jurassic clay is interesting in discourse on Pleistocene glaciers glaciodynamics. Material from field was tested by 3D fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM) providing “fingerprints” for a single compound or a mixture of fluorescent components. Thus humic macromolecules might be well seen nevertheless structural units have variable effects on the wavelength as well as intensity of fluorescence. It decreases with increasing molecular size of the humic macromolecule. For applied environmental projects this is well non-destructive tool to quantify the decomposition degree of organic matter requiring negligible amount of sample. This important method is valid for both organic matter and humic substances analytics. Chemical nature of humic substances can be correlated to structural information, e.g., functional groups, poly-condensation, aromaticity, dynamic properties related to intermolecular interactions. Acquired data from EEM provided significant input for scientific knowledge and innovation along with other analytical tools.
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| 2. |
- Burlakovs, Juris, 1977-, et al.
(author)
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Gateway of Landfilled Plastic Waste Towards Circular Economy in Europe
- 2019
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In: Separations. - : MDPI. - 2297-8739. ; 6:2, s. 1-8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- For decades, significant work has been conducted regarding plastic waste by dealing with rejected materials in waste masses through their accumulation, sorting and recycling. Important political and technical challenges are involved, especially with respect to landfilled waste. Plastic is popular and, notwithstanding decrease policies, it will remain a material widely used in most economic sectors. However, questions of plastic waste recycling in the contemporary world cannot be solved without knowing the material, which can be achieved by careful sampling, analysis and quantification. Plastic is heterogeneous, but usually all plastic waste is jointly handled for recycling and incineration. Separation before processing waste through the analytical approach must be applied. Modern landfill mining and site clean-up projects in contemporary waste management systems require comprehensive material studies ranging from the macro-characterization of waste masses to a more detailed analysis of hazardous constituents and properties from an energy calorific standpoint-where, among other methods, thermogravimetric research coupled with life cycle assessment (LCA) and economic assessment is highly welcomed.
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| 3. |
- Ferrans, Laura, et al.
(author)
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Characterization of dredged sediments : a first guide to define potentially valuable compounds - the case of Malmfjärden Bay, Sweden
- 2019
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In: Advances in Geosciences. - : Copernicus Publications. - 1680-7340 .- 1680-7359. ; 49, s. 137-147
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Millions of tons of bottom sediments are dredged annually all over the world. Ports and bays need to extract the sediments to guarantee the navigation levels or remediate the aquatic ecosystem. The removed material is commonly disposed of in open oceans or landfills. These disposal methods are not in line with circular-economy goals and additionally are unsuitable due to their legal and environmental compatibility. Recovery of valuables represents a way to eliminate dumping and contributes towards the sustainable extraction of secondary raw materials. Nevertheless, the recovery varies on a case-by-case basis and depends on the sediment components. Therefore, the first step is to analyse and identify the sediment composition and properties. Malmfjärden is a shallow semi-enclosed bay located in Kalmar, Sweden. Dredging of sediments is required to recuperate the water level. This study focuses on characterizing the sediments, pore water and surface water from the bay to uncover possible sediment recovery paths and define the baseline of contamination in the water body. The results showed that the bay had high amounts of nitrogen (170–450 µg L−1 ), leading to eutrophication problems. The sediments mainly comprised small size particle material (silt, clay and sand proportions of 62 %–79 %, 14 %–20 %, 7 %–17 %, respectively) and had a medium–high level of nitrogen (7400–11 000 mg kg−1 ). Additionally, the sediments had little presence of organic pollutants and low–medium concentration of metals or metalloids. The characterization of the sediments displays a potential use in less sensitive lands such as in industrial and commercial areas where the sediments can be employed as construction material or as plant-growing substrate (for ornamental gardens or vegetation beside roads).
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Hogland, William, 1952-, et al.
(author)
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From glass dump to phytoremediation park
- 2019
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In: XVI-th International youth Science and Environmental Baltic Region Countries Forum 7–9 October 2019, Gdansk, Poland. - : Institute of Physics (IOP). ; , s. 1-4
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Landfill mining was introduced in research in Sweden for more than three and a half decades ago. During recent years, the focus has been on the glass dumps in the Kingdom of Crystal in southeastern Sweden. Mapping of the dumps, test pit excavations, sieving and sorting of the glass masses, characterization, laboratory extraction of the metals in the glass was performed as well as measurements of radioactivity done. The polluted soil underneath the removed glass masses was treated by remediation. At one of places at the Kingdom of Crystal a phytoremediation/tourist park was established in Orrefors including a summer glasswork for tourist activities.
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| 6. |
- Hogland, William, 1952-, et al.
(author)
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Sorting of wastewaters for urban and rural recycling and reuse
- 2019
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In: XVI-th International youth Science and Environmental Baltic Region Countries Forum 7–9 October 2019, Gdansk, Poland. - : Institute of Physics (IOP). ; , s. 1-5
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Drinking water of good quality, in enough quantity at right time start to be very scarce in the world. At the same time perfect drinking water is used to flushing toilet, cleansing of sewage pipes, washing of industry floors, firefighting, washing of cars and trucks etc. Also agriculture is suffering of lack of water for irrigation during dry periods and it is necessary to use drinking water or river/lake water of high quality to get rich harvest of good quality. In the future drinking water must just be used as food stuff and not wasted in the society. People must, since they are children, be trained to respect the drinking water and not waste a single drop. Also, storm water can be considered as a source of fresh water if it collected and recycled properly. Recycling/reuse of treated/reclaimed wastewater will help to mitigate part of the increasing water demands in the society and secondary water can be used in non-potable end paths such as agriculture, industry or even recharging water aquifers. Reclaimed/technical or recycled water for non-potable uses such as flushing toilets, irrigation and other uses will be very important in modern society in the future.
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| 7. |
- Jani, Yahya, 1975-, et al.
(author)
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Physicochemical and toxicological characterization of hazardous wastes from an old glasswork dump at southeastern part of Sweden
- 2019
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In: Chemosphere. - : Elsevier. - 0045-6535 .- 1879-1298. ; 237, s. 1-8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- More than 34 old glasswork sites in the southeastern part of Sweden pose a permanent threat to human and environmental health due to the presence of toxic trace elements in open dumps with glass waste. The possibility of leaching of trace elements from different fractions of the disposed waste needed to be assessed. In the present investigation, leachate from a mixture of soil and waste glass of particle sizes of less than 2mm (given the name fine fraction) was characterized by analyzing the pH (7.3), total organic content (TOC<2%), organic matter content (4.4%), moisture content (9.7%), chemical oxygen demand (COD, 163mg/kg) and trace elements content, being the values in accordance to the Swedish guidelines for landfilling of inert materials. However, very high trace elements content was found in the fine fraction as well as in all colors of waste glass, whose values were compatible to hazardous waste landfill class. Tests with Lepidium sativum growing in the fine fraction as substrate revealed chronic toxicity expressed as inhibition of root biomass growth in 11 out of 15 samples. Additionally, leachate from fine fractions posed acute toxicity to genetically modified E. coli (Toxi-Chromotest). This study highlights the importance of combining physicochemical characterization with toxicity tests for both solid waste and leachate obtained from different waste fractions for proper hazardousness assessment supporting decision making on remediation demands.
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| 8. |
- Jani, Yahya, 1975-, et al.
(author)
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Phytoremediation as a promising method for the treatment of contaminated sediments
- 2019
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In: Iranica Journal of Energy and Environment (IJEE). - Iran : Babol Noshirvani University of Technology. - 2079-2115 .- 2079-2123. ; 10:1, s. 58-64
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Dredging activities are necessary to maintain the navigation depth of harbors and channels. Additionally,dredging can prevent the loss of water bodies. A large amount of extracted sediments is produced around theworld. Removed material is widely disposed at open seas or landfills. Much of the dredged material is pollutedand is classified as unsuitable for open-sea disposal. In Sweden, many dredging activities are taking placenowadays like that in Oskarshamn harbor, Inre harbor Norrköping municipality and Malmfjärden bay inKalmar. In this review, the potential of phytoremediation as a treatment method is discussed with focus onsuggested methods for reusing the treated sediments. Recycling or reusing of dredged and treated sedimentswill preserve Earth natural resources as well as reduce diffusion of contaminants to the environment.
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| 9. |
- Mutafela, Richard, 1984-, et al.
(author)
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Physico-chemical characteristics of fine fraction materials from an old crystal glass dumpsite in Sweden
- 2019
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In: Chemistry in ecology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0275-7540 .- 1029-0370. ; 35:8, s. 877-890
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Physico-chemical characteristics of waste, particularly fine fraction (FF), from an old crystal glass waste dump in Sweden were studied to assess recycling or disposal alternatives. Hand-sorting of the waste indicated glass content of 44.1% while sieving established the FF as a more soil-like mix of glass and other materials constituting 33.3% of all excavated waste. The FF was around neutral pH with 24.4% moisture content, low values of Total Dissolved Solids, Dissolved Organic Carbon and fluorides, but hazardous concentrations of As, Cd, Pb and Zn according to the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency guidelines. While the FF leached metals in low concentrations at neutral pH, it leached considerably during digestion with nitric acid, implying leaching risks at low pH. Thus, the waste requires safe storage in hazardous waste class ‘bank account’ storage cells to avoid environmental contamination as metal recovery and other recycling strategies for the glass waste are being developed. The study could fill the information gap regarding preservation of potential resources in the on-going, fast-paced excavation and re-landfilling of heavy metal contaminated materials in the region.
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| 10. |
- Pehme, Kaur-Mikk, et al.
(author)
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Urban hydrology research fundamentals for waste management practices
- 2019
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In: 25<sup>th</sup> Annual International Scientific Conference "Research for Rural Development 2019" 15 - 17 May, 2019, vol 1. - Jelgava : Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. ; , s. 160-167
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The urbanization and increasing growth of planet’s population accumulates significant volume of disposed wasteas well as increases risks on human health and environmental safety. Landfill systems are the dynamic, livingin space and time, potentially harmful entities that must be managed in as careful and smart way as possible.There are many studies related to landfill emissions such as leachates and methane. However, there is a need foradvanced understanding of landfill hydrological regime and risks related to climate change and associated changesof hydrological cycle. The comprehensive studies about the urban hydrology are available; however, applicationto landfill management is fragmentary and inconsistent in several aspects. Landfill in long term has an impact onhydrological cycle. The heterogeneous land surface is one of aspects; however, there are still unanswered questionsabout the urban environment impact on water balance components. The aim of this study is to describe fundamentalsof landfill hydrology in urban hydrological response unit context as well as evaluate the potential risks to environmentand human health related to landfill geomorphology and hydrological balance in temporal climate conditions. Thelandfill hydrological cycle has similarities with urban hydrological cycle; however, there are additional componentsrelated to landfill specification, e.g., irrigation or leachate recirculation as well as total produced leachate.
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