| 1. |
- Abat, E., et al.
(author)
-
The ATLAS TRT barrel detector
- 2008
-
In: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 3
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The ATLAS TRT barrel is a tracking drift chamber using 52,544 individual tubular drift tubes. It is one part of the ATLAS Inner Detector, which consists of three sub-systems: the pixel detector spanning the radius range 4 to 20 cm, the semiconductor tracker (SCT) from 30 to 52 cm, and the transition radiation tracker ( TRT) from 56 to 108 cm. The TRT barrel covers the central pseudo-rapidity region |eta| < 1, while the TRT endcaps cover the forward and backward eta regions. These TRT systems provide a combination of continuous tracking with many measurements in individual drift tubes ( or straws) and of electron identification based on transition radiation from fibers or foils interleaved between the straws themselves. This paper describes the recently-completed construction of the TRT Barrel detector, including the quality control procedures used in the fabrication of the detector.
|
|
| 2. |
- Abat, E., et al.
(author)
-
The ATLAS TRT end-cap detectors
- 2008
-
In: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 3
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The ATLAS TRT end-cap is a tracking drift chamber using 245,760 individual tubular drift tubes. It is a part of the TRT tracker which consist of the barrel and two end-caps. The TRT end-caps cover the forward and backward pseudo-rapidity region 1.0 < vertical bar eta vertical bar < 2.0, while the TRT barrel central eta region vertical bar eta vertical bar < 1.0. The TRT system provides a combination of continuous tracking with many measurements in individual drift tubes ( or straws) and of electron identification based on transition radiation from fibers or foils interleaved between the straws themselves. Along with other two sub-systems, namely the Pixel detector and Semi Conductor Tracker (SCT), the TRT constitutes the ATLAS Inner Detector. This paper describes the recently completed and installed TRT end-cap detectors, their design, assembly, integration and the acceptance tests applied during the construction.
|
|
| 3. |
- Abat, E., et al.
(author)
-
The ATLAS Transition Radiation Tracker (TRT) proportional drift tube: design and performance
- 2008
-
In: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 3:2
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A straw proportional counter is the basic element of the ATLAS Transition Radiation Tracker (TRT). Its detailed properties as well as the main properties of a few TRT operating gas mixtures are described. Particular attention is paid to straw tube performance in high radiation conditions and to its operational stability.
|
|
| 4. |
- Abat, E., et al.
(author)
-
The ATLAS TRT electronics
- 2008
-
In: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 3:6
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The ATLAS inner detector consists of three sub-systems: the pixel detector spanning the radius range 4cm-20cm, the semiconductor tracker at radii from 30 to 52 cm, and the transition radiation tracker (TRT), tracking from 56 to 107 cm. The TRT provides a combination of continuous tracking with many projective measurements based on individual drift tubes (or straws) and of electron identification based on transition radiation from fibres or foils interleaved between the straws themselves. This paper describes the on and off detector electronics for the TRT as well as the TRT portion of the data acquisition (DAQ) system.
|
|
| 5. |
- Kaplan, G.G., et al.
(author)
-
The risk of developing Crohn's disease after an appendectomy : A meta-analysis
- 2008
-
In: American Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0002-9270 .- 1572-0241. ; 103:11, s. 2925-2931
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Studies exploring the association between appendectomy and Crohn's disease (CD) have reported conflicting findings. We conducted a systematic review of the literature and a meta-analysis to assess the risk of CD following an appendectomy and determine the effect of time between appendectomy and CD diagnosis. METHODS: MEDLINE was used to identify observational studies evaluating the association between appendectomy and CD. Authors were contacted when data were insufficient. Relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a random effects model. Studies that analyzed their data by the interval between the appendectomy and the diagnosis of CD were assessed separately. The Woolf ?2 statistic was used to test for homogeneity. Egger's test was used to evaluate publication bias. RESULTS: The summary RR estimate for CD following an appendectomy was significantly elevated (RR 1.61, 95% CI 1.28-2.02), though heterogeneity was observed (P < 0.0001). The risk was elevated within the first year following the operation (RR 6.69, 95% CI 5.42-8.25). The risk of CD was also significantly increased 1-4 yr following an appendectomy (RR 1.99, 95% CI 1.66- 2.38), however, after 5 yr or more, the risk fell to baseline levels (RR 1.08, 95% CI 0.99-1.18). Publication bias was not detected (P = 0.2). CONCLUSION: The meta-analysis demonstrated a significant risk of CD following an appendectomy, though heterogeneity was observed between the studies. The elevated risk early after an appendectomy, which diminishes thereafter, likely reflects diagnostic problems in patients with incipient CD. © 2008 by Am. Coll. of Gastroenterology.
|
|
| 6. |
- Kathiresan, Sekar, et al.
(author)
-
Common variants at 30 loci contribute to polygenic dyslipidemia
- 2009
-
In: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1546-1718 .- 1061-4036. ; 41:1, s. 56-65
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Blood low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and triglyceride levels are risk factors for cardiovascular disease. To dissect the polygenic basis of these traits, we conducted genome-wide association screens in 19,840 individuals and replication in up to 20,623 individuals. We identified 30 distinct loci associated with lipoprotein concentrations (each with P < 5 x 10(-8)), including 11 loci that reached genome-wide significance for the first time. The 11 newly defined loci include common variants associated with LDL cholesterol near ABCG8, MAFB, HNF1A and TIMD4; with HDL cholesterol near ANGPTL4, FADS1-FADS2-FADS3, HNF4A, LCAT, PLTP and TTC39B; and with triglycerides near AMAC1L2, FADS1-FADS2-FADS3 and PLTP. The proportion of individuals exceeding clinical cut points for high LDL cholesterol, low HDL cholesterol and high triglycerides varied according to an allelic dosage score (P < 10(-15) for each trend). These results suggest that the cumulative effect of multiple common variants contributes to polygenic dyslipidemia.
|
|
| 7. |
- Viskari, H, et al.
(author)
-
Relationship between the incidence of type 1 diabetes and maternal enterovirus antibodies : Time trends and geographical variation
- 2005
-
In: Diabetologia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0012-186X .- 1432-0428. ; 48:7, s. 1280-1287
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aims/hypothesis: We have previously observed an inverse correlation between the incidence of type 1 diabetes and enterovirus infections in the background population. The aim of this study was to analyse whether maternal enterovirus antibody status, which reflects both the frequency of enterovirus infections and the protection conferred by the mother on the offspring, also correlates with the incidence of type 1 diabetes. Methods: Maternal enterovirus antibodies were analysed from serum samples taken from pregnant women between 1983 and 2001 in Finland and Sweden using enzyme immunoassay and neutralisation assays. Comparable samples were also taken between 1999 and 2001 in countries with a lower incidence of diabetes (Estonia, Germany, Hungary, Israel, Lithuania, Russia). Results: A clear decrease was observed in maternal enterovirus antibody levels over the past 20 years (p<0.0001). The frequency of enterovirus antibodies was higher in countries with a low or intermediate incidence of type 1 diabetes compared with high-incidence countries (p<0.0001). Conclusions/interpretation: These findings are in line with our previous observations supporting the hypothesis that a low frequency of enterovirus infection in the background population increases the susceptibility of young children to the diabetogenic effect of enteroviruses. © Springer-Verlag 2005.
|
|
| 8. |
- Wilson, B. N., et al.
(author)
-
Psychometric properties of the revised Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire
- 2009
-
In: Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0194-2638 .- 1541-3144. ; 29:2, s. 184-204
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ) is a parent-completed measure designed to identify subtle motor problems in children of 8 to 14.6 years of age. The purpose of this study was to extend the lower age range to children aged 5 to 7 years, revise items to ensure clarity, develop new scoring, and evaluate validity of the revised questionnaire. Additional items with improved wording were generated by an expert panel. Analyses of internal consistency, factor loading, and qualitative/quantitative feedback from researchers, clinicians, and parents were used to select 15 items with the strongest psychometric properties. Internal consistency was high (alpha = .94). The expanded questionnaire was completed by the parents of 287 children, aged 5-15 years, who were typically developing. Logistic regression modeling was used to generate separate cutoff scores for three age groups (overall sensitivity = 85%, specificity = 71%). The revised DCDQ was then compared to other standardized measures in a sample of 232 children referred for therapy services. Differences in scores between children with and without DCD (p < .001) provide evidence of construct validity. Correlations between DCDQ scores and Movement Assessment Battery for Children (r = .55) and Test of Visual-Motor Integration (r = .42) scores support concurrent validity. The results provide evidence that the revised DCDQ is a valid clinical screening tool for DCD.
|
|
| 9. |
- Chen, Y, et al.
(author)
-
Laser surface modified ductile iron by pulsed Nd:YAG laser beam with two-dimensional array distribution
- 2005
-
In: Applied Surface Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0169-4332 .- 1873-5584. ; 245:1-4, s. 316-321
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A novel modification layer on the surface of pearlite-ferrite matrix ductile iron was fabricated under irradiation of Nd:YAG laser beam equipped with self-designed diffractive optical element (DOE) which produces a 5×5 two-dimensional array distribution at the focal plane. The microstructure of the layer along the surface and the direction of the layer depth had obvious gradient distribution, and therefore the two-dimensional microhardness map of the layer alternated higher hardness with lower hardness. The results showed that the novel modification layer is expected to have excellent combination of strength and toughness
|
|
| 10. |
- Green, Dido, et al.
(author)
-
Is questionnaire-based screening part of the solution to waiting lists for children with developmental coordination disorder?
- 2005
-
In: British Journal of Occupational Therapy. - : Sage Publications. - 0308-0226 .- 1477-6006. ; 68:1, s. 2-10
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study was undertaken to determine whether questionnaire-based screening could be part of the solution to a long waiting list of referrals for occupational therapy assessment by identifying the requirement for clinical assessments. The performance of two questionnaires - the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ) completed by parents and the Checklist of the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (C-ABC) completed by teachers - was compared with a more traditional clinical assessment for the identification of DCD in children already referred to occupational therapy. It was found that the parent report was quite reliable in the identification of DCD if no other developmental problem was present. However, there was little benefit to using the teacher report to screen children. Several confounding variables, including an unequal proportion of children with DCD in the sample and the inclusion of children who were younger than the age range of the DCDQ, may have influenced how well the questionnaires performed. Although questionnaires cannot replace a full clinical assessment, the results showed that there may be some value in including the parent report in the identification of DCD.
|
|
