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- Balabanov, Oleksandr, et al.
(author)
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Bayesian Posterior Approximation With Stochastic Ensembles
- 2023
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In: Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. - 1063-6919. - 9798350301298 ; 2023-June, s. 13701-13711
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We introduce ensembles of stochastic neural networks to approximate the Bayesian posterior, combining stochastic methods such as dropout with deep ensembles. The stochas-tic ensembles are formulated as families of distributions and trained to approximate the Bayesian posterior with variational inference. We implement stochastic ensembles based on Monte Carlo dropout, DropConnect and a novel non-parametric version of dropout and evaluate them on a toy problem and CIFAR image classification. For both tasks, we test the quality of the posteriors directly against Hamil-tonian Monte Carlo simulations. Our results show that stochastic ensembles provide more accurate posterior esti-mates than other popular baselines for Bayesian inference.
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- Balabanov, Oleksandr, et al.
(author)
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Quantization of topological indices in critical chains at low temperatures
- 2022
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In: Physical Review B. - : American Physical Society (APS). - 2469-9950 .- 2469-9969. ; 106:4
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Various types of topological phenomena at criticality are currently under active research. In this paper we suggest to generalize the known topological quantities to finite temperatures, allowing us to consider gapped and critical (gapless) systems on the same footing. It is then discussed that the quantization of the topological indices, also at critically, is retrieved by taking the low-temperature limit. This idea is explicitly illustrated on a simple case study of chiral critical chains where the quantization is shown analytically and verified numerically. The formalism is also applied for studying robustness of the topological indices to various types of disordering perturbations.
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- Campanella, Fabio, et al.
(author)
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Long-Term Cognitive Functioning and Psychological Well-Being in Surgically Treated Patients with Low-Grade Glioma
- 2017
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In: World Neurosurgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 1878-8750 .- 1878-8769. ; 103, s. 799-808.e9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: The aim of this work is to provide an in-depth investigation of the impact of low-grade gliomas (LGG) and their surgery on patients' cognitive and emotional functioning and well-being, carried out via a comprehensive and multiple-measure psychological and neuropsychological assessment.Patients and Methods: Fifty surgically treated patients with LGG were evaluated 40 months after surgery on their functioning over 6 different cognitive domains, 3 core affective/emotional aspects, and 3 different psychological well-being measures to obtain a clearer picture of the long-term impact of illness and surgery on their psychological and relational world. Close relatives were also involved to obtain an independent measure of the psychological dimensions investigated.Results: Cognitive status was satisfactory, with only mild short-term memory difficulties. The affective and well-being profile was characterized by mild signs of depression, good satisfaction with life and psychological well-being, and good personality development, with patients perceiving themselves as stronger and better persons after illness. However, patients showed higher emotional reactivity, and psychological well-being measures were negatively affected by epileptic burden. Well-being was related to positive affective/emotional functioning and unrelated to cognitive functioning. Good agreement between patients and relatives was found.Conclusions: In the long-term, patients operated on for LGG showed good cognitive functioning, with no significant long-term cognitive sequelae for the extensive surgical approach. Psychologically, patients appear to experience a deep psychological change and maturation, closely resembling that of so-called posttraumatic growth, which, to our knowledge, is for the first time described and quantified in patients with LGG.
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- Ekhtiari Bidhendi, Elaheh, et al.
(author)
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Mutant superoxide dismutase aggregates from human spinal cord transmit amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- 2018
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In: Acta Neuropathologica. - : Springer. - 0001-6322 .- 1432-0533. ; 136:6, s. 939-953
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Motor neurons containing aggregates of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) are hallmarks of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) caused by mutations in the gene encoding SOD1. We have previously reported that two strains of mutant human (h) SOD1 aggregates (denoted A and B) can arise in hSOD1-transgenic models for ALS and that inoculation of such aggregates into the lumbar spinal cord of mice results in rostrally spreading, templated hSOD1 aggregation and premature fatal ALS-like disease. Here, we explored whether mutant hSOD1 aggregates with prion-like properties also exist in human ALS. Aggregate seeds were prepared from spinal cords from an ALS patient carrying the hSOD1G127Gfs*7 truncation mutation and from mice transgenic for the same mutation. To separate from mono-, di- or any oligomeric hSOD1 species, the seed preparation protocol included ultracentrifugation through a density cushion. The core structure of hSOD1G127Gfs*7 aggregates present in mice was strain A-like. Inoculation of the patient- or mouse-derived seeds into lumbar spinal cord of adult hSOD1-expressing mice induced strain A aggregation propagating along the neuraxis and premature fatal ALS-like disease (p < 0.0001). Inoculation of human or murine control seeds had no effect. The potencies of the ALS patient-derived seed preparations were high and disease was initiated in the transgenic mice by levels of hSOD1G127Gfs*7 aggregates much lower than those found in the motor system of patients carrying the mutation. The results suggest that prion-like growth and spread of hSOD1 aggregation could be the primary pathogenic mechanism, not only in hSOD1 transgenic rodent models, but also in human ALS.
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- Jackson Rova, Peter
(author)
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Blood Signals : On the Symbolism and Ritual Pertinence of Blood
- 2019
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In: DIN: tidsskrift for religion og kultur. - 1501-9934 .- 2387-6735. ; :1, s. 93-102
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- En första version av följande text presenterades vid ett tvärvetenskapligt symposium (“Blood Rituals: Past and Present”) som jag och Per Faxneld organiserade i samarbete med den fransk-kanadensiske semiotikern Paul Bouissac vid Stockholms universitet i maj 2015. När jag inbjöds att medverka i ett specialnummer av DIN till Håkan Rydvings ära, tänkte jag att den ännu opublicerade texten kunde passa bra. Redan under min första tid som doktorand i Uppsala tog jag starkt intryck av Håkans förmåga att förena källkritiskt detaljarbete med teoretiskt utmanande resonemang kring abstrakta storheter som myt och rit – en ofta underskattad simultankapacitet bland religionshistoriker. Följande text är ett försök att i en liknande anda ompröva den symboliska representationen (och rituella användningen) av blod mot bakgrund av några vitt åtskilda religionshistoriska och religionsarkeologiska exempel.
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- Sánchez, Laura, 1977-
(author)
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Weighing up the Effects of Working Memory and Cognitive Abilities in CLIL Learning
- 2019
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In: English Language Teaching. - : Canadian Center of Science and Education. - 1916-4742 .- 1916-4750. ; 12:2, s. 113-126
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In an era of globalization, multilingualism is no longer the exception but the rule. To fully promote the commnicative and functional development of multilingual learners, different educational programs at school have been implemented in the past few years. The study presented here is a contribution in this direction, by investigating the linguistic development in a second foreign language (L3 English) of students who were exposed to asymmetric input exposure in this and another non-native language. This other language was the L2 (German), which the learners (n= 50, 11-13 years old) were studying in a CLIL context together with the native languages of the participants (Spanish and Catalan). Within such a context, the purpose of the study is two-fold. On the one hand, it attempts to investigate the linguistic attainment in the L3, measured in terms of various dimensions of writing performance in a composition task, namely, fluency, accuracy, structural complexity and lexical complexity. On the other hand, the study aimed at exploring the contribution of various components of working memory (short-term memory and attention switching) to performance in these linguistic dimensions. The results suggest that individual differences in storage capacity and in capability for attention and task switching had an effect on the accuracy of the learners’ performance, and to a lesser extent, also lexical complexity. Moreover, it was found that in general, attentional abilities had a greater impact than memory. These results are discussed in light of previous findings, while proposing directions for further investigation in the field.
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| 10. |
- Scozzari, A., et al.
(author)
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The process from a redundant and general sensor concept : towards an optimal sensor strategy for the assessment of drinking water quality
- 2008
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In: IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, IMTC 2008. - 9781424415403 ; , s. 836-841
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The paper focuses on the assumption that a sensor system for personal use has the optimal employment if coherent with the human perception system and provides redundant information by complementing sensors. Therefore, we provide argument for this thesis by demonstrating two examples within the quality indication of drinking water; two different electronic tongue sensors with similar operational principles have been used for making security assessments of drinking water in different environments, from tap, raw water and bottle. ©2008 IEEE.
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