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- Helmersson, Johanna, et al.
(author)
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Association of type 2 diabetes with cyclooxygenase-mediated inflammation and oxidative stress in an elderly population
- 2004
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In: Circulation. - 0009-7322 .- 1524-4539. ; 109:14, s. 1729-1734
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Involvement of cyclooxygenase (COX)-mediated inflammation in type 2 diabetes has not been studied, and the association between cytokine-mediated inflammation and diabetes is not fully clarified. METHODS AND RESULTS: 15-Keto-dihydro-prostaglandin F2alpha (a metabolite of prostaglandin F2alpha and an indicator of COX-mediated inflammation), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid protein A (SAA), 8-iso-PGF2alpha (a nonenzymatic, free radical product of arachidonic acid and an indicator of oxidative stress), and alpha-tocopherol were measured in a population-based sample of 77-year-old men (n=765), in which 112 men had type 2 diabetes. The inflammatory indicators were increased in men with diabetes (urinary 15-keto-dihydro-PGF2alpha, P<0.001, CRP and SAA, P<0.05). However, when adjusted for body mass index, waist circumference, or fasting insulin, no association was found between diabetes and CRP or SAA. The oxidative stress indicator 8-iso-PGF2alpha in urine was increased (P<0.01) in men with diabetes. Patients who were newly diagnosed with diabetes (<7 years since diagnosis) had increased urinary 15-keto-dihydro-PGF2alpha and decreased alpha-tocopherol, but 8-iso-PGF2alpha was unaltered. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to show that type 2 diabetes in elderly men is related to COX-mediated inflammation, reflected by enhanced prostaglandin formation. The high levels of cytokine-mediated acute-phase proteins observed in men with diabetes appear to be related to obesity and increased fasting insulin. The results further suggest that the appearance of chronic inflammation is an early process in the pathogenesis of diabetes, whereas oxidative injury may be a later process, possibly related to inflammation.
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- Rosen, Johanna, et al.
(author)
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Thin Film Growth Related Adsorption Study of Al and O Ions on an -Al2O3 Surface
- 2004
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In: J. Phys. Chem. B. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). ; 108, s. 19320-19324
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The surface reactivity of -Al2O3 (0001) has been investigated theoretically using density functional theory. The adsorption process of Al+, Al2+, Al3+, and O+ were studied to identify possible preferential adsorption sites during thin film growth. Differences in near surface atomic displacements (e.g., adsorption-induced surface reconstructions), energies, and bonding character have been evaluated. The adsorption energies for the metallic ions showed a strong dependence on both initial charge and adsorption site. The O+ ions showed no site dependence, but adsorption energies similar to those calculated for Al+. The results indicate that the adsorption of O+ and Al3+ may favor the formation of an amorphous structure, which is consistent with experimental observations. The results are of fundamental importance for the understanding of thin film microstructure evolution.
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