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- Fält, A., et al.
(author)
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A Swedish nationwide pharmaco-epidemiological study of the long-term safety and effectiveness of alemtuzumab (IMSE 3)
- 2018
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In: Multiple Sclerosis Journal. - : Sage Publications. - 1352-4585 .- 1477-0970. ; 24:Suppl. 2, s. 706-707
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Background: Alemtuzumab (ALZ) is a modulatory drug for patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Post-marketing surveillance is important to assess the long term safety and effectiveness in a real-world setting. ALZ has therefore been included into the Swedish post-market surveillance study “Immunomodulation and Multiple Sclerosis Epidemiology Study 3” (IMSE 3) upon launch in Sweden (March 2014).Objective: To follow up the effectiveness and long-term safety of ALZ in a real-world setting.Methods: Swedish MS patients are registered into the nationwide Swedish Neuro Registry (NeuroReg). IMSE 3 includes patients starting ALZ treatment. Adverse events (AEs) and clinical meas-ures; Extended Disability Status Scale (EDSS), Multiple Sclerosis Severity Scale (MSSS), Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale (MSIS-29), European Quality of Life - 5 Dimension Test (EQ-5D) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) are obtained from NeuroReg. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to assess changes in effectiveness.Results: 110 patients (60% female; 95% RRMS) have been included in IMSE 3 between March 2014 and April 2018. Mean age at treatment start was 34 years and mean treatment duration was 28 months. Most patients (40%) switched from natalizumab and 14% were treatment naïve. 103 patients were currently treated with ALZ at cut-off date and 97 patients had been treated for at least 12 months. Seven patients had discontinued ALZ treatment, of which five patients switched to another disease modifying therapy, one patient died in association with the first ALZ treatment cycle due to fulminant viral hepatitis and one patient had no treatment registered after ALZ discontinuation. In total, 20 AEs were reported to the Swedish Medical Products Agency; 13 events were classified as non-serious. In patients treated at least 12 months significant improvements were seen for EDSS (2.0±1.4 to 1.6±1.3, n=67), MSSS (3.4±2.6 to 2.6±2.3, n=58), MSIS-29 Physical (22.9±21.0 to 17.5±18.0, n=83), VAS (66.9±22.0 to 73.7±18.5, n=68) and EQ-5D (0.7±0.3 to 0.8±0.3, n=74). MSIS-29 Psychological and SDMT did not improve significantly.Conclusions: NeuroReg functions well as a post-marketing drug surveillance platform, providing data regarding drug effectiveness and AEs. A longer follow-up period is needed to evaluate the real-world effectiveness and safety of ALZ.
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- Högdin, Sara, 1972-, et al.
(author)
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Summering och framåtblickar
- 2024. - 1
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In: Hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck. - Stockholm : Liber. ; , s. 188-202
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Kapitlen i denna antologi presenterar olika perspektiv på hur hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck kan förstås samt olika professionella perspektiv på fenomenet. På en övergripande nivå kan det sägas att kunskapen inom området är under utveckling och de olika perspektiv som lyfts i bokens kapitel kan sammantaget bidra med att öka den. Kunskapsområdet är fortfarande komplext och mångfasetterat, och det finns inga enkla sanningar eller manualer som fungerar för att komma till rätta med problematiken. I detta avslutande kapitel fångar vi upp det som har behandlats i de olika kapitlen och knyter ihop säcken. Vi börjar i diskussionen om olika förståelsehorisonter som många kapitelförfattare beskriver som konfliktfylld och som har lett till en fördröjning av insatser och lagstiftning inom området.
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| 5. |
- Ingram Bogusz, Claire, et al.
(author)
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Almost an MNC: Bitcoin entrepreneurs' Use of collective resources and decoupling to build legitimacy
- 2016
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Studies of legitimacy have typically looked at the creation and maintenance of legitimacy by both established and new organisations. This paper looks at how a set of entrepreneurs use the legitimacy of one, Alternative, community as a scaffold to build legitimacy in a more Mainstream one, despite the fact that norms between the two were often contradictory. Studying Bitcoin entrepreneurs in Europe, we find that the distributed, digital community of Bitcoin operates as a kind of MNC: the larger decentralised (and Alternative) community acts as the headquarters, while the local entrepreneurs seeking Mainstream legitimacy behave like subsidiaries. This allow them to rely on the legitimacy of the community at large, while simultaneously distinguishing themselves from the broader Bitcoin community as they seek legitimacy.
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| 6. |
- Ingram Bogusz, Claire, et al.
(author)
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Open or just Fragmented? Mobilization through open source action repertoires in the blockchain social movement
- 2021
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The Blockchain social movement not only opposed the economic system in the post-2009 financial crisis years, it provided a tangible technological alternative, built in computer code and using Open Source (OS) principles. The social movement mobilized using familiar OS structures and activities as action repertoires. Although this openness encouraged mobilization, this ran the risk of losing control, as individuals used the OS code for their own purposes, outside the scope of the social movement. The use of OS action repertoires provided ways to coordinate, vent and build consensus. Further, the resulting dissent, when it occurred made the movement more relevant by extending the movement and mobilizing individuals in complementary areas, driven by economic incentives. The OS repertoire of open entrepreneurship also facilitated mobilization, making the movement more influential. © 2021 IEEE Computer Society. All rights reserved.
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| 7. |
- Larsson, Stefan
(author)
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Algorithmic governance and the need for consumer empowerment in data-driven markets
- 2018
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In: Internet Policy Review. - : Internet Policy Review, Alexander von Humboldt Institute for Internet and Society. - 2197-6775. ; 7:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The present article argues that the fact that personal data holds great value, in combination with a lack of transparency in its commercial use, leads to a need for consumer policy that strengthens consumer protection. The widespread practice of user agreements and consent-based regulation of personal data collection is not satisfactory for balancing these information-asymmetric markets. The lack of transparency deriving from the complex and massive datafication of consumers – where consumers are profiled, data is brokered and the algorithmically automated decision-making is opaque – speaks to the need for improved supervision at a more structural level above and beyond the individual consumer’s choices, preferably by more active consumer protection authorities.
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| 9. |
- Larsson, Susanna C., et al.
(author)
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Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Atrial Fibrillation A Prospective Study and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis
- 2014
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In: Journal of the American College of Cardiology. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. - 0735-1097 .- 1558-3597. ; 64:3, s. 282-289
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND Although high alcohol consumption has been associated with increased risk of atrial fibrillation (AF), the role of light to moderate drinking remains unclear. OBJECTIVES The study sought to investigate the association between alcohol consumption and AF risk in a prospective study of Swedish men and women and to conduct a meta-analysis of prospective studies to summarize available evidence. METHODS We followed 79,019 men and women who, at baseline, were free from AF and had completed a questionnaire about alcohol consumption and other risk factors for chronic diseases. Incident AF cases were ascertained by linkage to the Swedish Inpatient Register. For the meta-analysis, studies were identified by searching PubMed through January 10, 2014, and by reviewing references of pertinent publications. Study-specific relative risks (RRs) were combined using a random effects model. RESULTS Over 859,420 person-years of follow-up (1998 to 2009), 7,245 incident AF cases were identified in our own cohort study. The association between alcohol consumption and AF did not differ by sex (p for interaction 0.74). Compared with current drinkers of < 1 drink/week (12 g alcohol/drink), the multivariable RRs of AF were 1.01 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.94 to 1.09) for 1 to 6 drinks/week, 1.07 (95% CI: 0.98 to 1.17) for 7 to 14 drinks/week, 1.14 (95% CI: 1.01 to 1.28) for 15 to 21 drinks/week, and 1.39 (95% CI: 1.22 to 1.58) for > 21 drinks/week. Results were similar after excluding binge drinkers. In a meta-analysis of 7 prospective studies, including 12,554 AF cases, the RRs were 1.08 (95% CI: 1.06 to 1.10) for 1 drink/day, 1.17 (95% CI: 1.13 to 1.21) for 2 drinks/day, 1.26 (95% CI: 1.19 to 1.33) for 3 drinks/day, 1.36 (95% CI: 1.27 to 1.46) for 4 drinks/day, and 1.47 (95% CI: 1.34 to 1.61) for 5 drinks/day, compared with nondrinkers. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that alcohol consumption, even at moderate intakes, is a risk factor for atrial fibrillation. (C) 2014 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation.
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| 10. |
- Larsson, Susanna C
(author)
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Diet and ovarian cancer : a population-based cohort of 60 000 women
- 2005
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Ovarian cancer represents the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women in Western countries. Hence, identification of risk factors amenable to modification, such as diet, is of considerable public health relevance as it could provide means for primary prevention of this malignancy. The purpose of this thesis was to prospectively examine the potential role of diet in the etiology of ovarian cancer, using data from the Swedish Mammography Cohort (SMC). The specific hypotheses were: (1) Intake of folate – a B vitamin involved in DNA synthesis and repair and in DNA methylation – is inversely associated with the risk of ovarian cancer, particularly among women who consume alcohol, which has anti-folate effects; (2) High exposure to lactose due to consumption of milk and milk products is related to an increased risk of ovarian cancer. The SMC is a population-based prospective cohort established between 1987 and 1990, when all women born between 1914 and 1948 and living in Uppsala and Västmanland Counties received a mailed questionnaire. Our analyses included 61 084 women in the SMC who were cancer-free and had at least one ovary at recruitment. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate rate ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), while adjusting for potential confounders. All statistical tests were two-sided. From March 1987 through June 2004, we ascertained 288 incident cases of invasive epithelial ovarian cancer, including 135 serous ovarian cancers. Dietary folate intake was inversely related to the risk of ovarian cancer. Compared with women in the lowest quintile (<150 μ g/day) of dietary folate intake, the multivariate RR for those in the highest quintile ( ³ 212 μ g/day) was 0.50 (95% CI, 0.31-0.82; P trend = 0.006). The inverse association between dietary folate intake and risk of ovarian cancer was stronger among women who consumed more than 20 g (approximately the amount in 1-2 drinks) of alcohol per week (RR, 0.24; 95% CI, 0.09-0.64) than among women who consumed 20 g or less of alcohol per week (RR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.40-1.30). We observed a positive association of lactose intake with risk of serous ovarian cancer but not with other subtypes. The multivariate RR of serous ovarian was 2.0 (95% CI, 1.2-3.4; P trend = 0.01) for the highest versus the lowest quartile of lactose intake. High consumption of milk, the main source of lactose, was also associated with a greater risk of serous ovarian cancer. The multivariate RR for women who drank two or more glasses of milk per day was 1.9 (95% CI, 1.1-3.1; P trend = 0.03) compared with women who never or seldom drank milk. In conclusion, our findings from a large population-based prospective cohort provide evidence for an inverse relationship between dietary folate intake and risk of ovarian cancer, especially among women who drink alcohol. Furthermore, we found support for the hypothesis that a high lactose intake increases the risk of ovarian cancer, at least of the serous subtype. Considering the possible public health implications of these results, the associations of folate and lactose intakes with risk of ovarian cancer warrant further research.
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