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- Blomberg, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Chronic Airflow Limitation, Emphysema and Impaired Diffusing Capacity in Relation to Smoking Habits in a Swedish Middle-Aged Population.
- 2024
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In: Annals of the American Thoracic Society. - 2329-6933 .- 2325-6621.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- RATIONALE: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) includes respiratory symptoms and chronic airflow limitation (CAL). In some cases, emphysema and impaired diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) are present, but characteristics and symptoms vary with smoking exposure.OBJECTIVES: To study the prevalence of CAL, emphysema and impaired DLCO in relation to smoking and respiratory symptoms in a middle-aged population.METHODS: We investigated 28,746 randomly invited individuals (52% women) aged 50-64 years across six Swedish sites. We performed spirometry, DLCO, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and asked for smoking habits and respiratory symptoms. CAL was defined as post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second divided by forced expiratory volume (FEV1/FVC)<0.7.RESULTS: The overall prevalence was for CAL 8.8%, for impaired DLCO (DLCOCONCLUSIONS: In this large population-based study of middle-aged people, CAL and impaired DLCO were associated with common respiratory symptoms. Self-reported asthma was not associated with CAL in never-smokers. Our findings suggest that CAL in never-smokers signifies a separate clinical phenotype that may be monitored and, possibly, treated differently from smoking-related COPD. This article is open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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- Jönsson, Björn, 1951-, et al.
(author)
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A new probe for ankle systolic pressure measurement using Photoplethysmography (PPG)
- 2005
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In: Annals of Biomedical Engineering. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0090-6964 .- 1573-9686. ; 33:2, s. 232-239
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An automated method for ankle systolic pressure measurement, less operator dependent than the standard continuous wave (CW) Doppler technique, would imply an advantage both in patient measurements and in epidemiological studies. We present a new photoplethysmographic (PPG) probe that uses near-infrared light (880 nm) to detect pulsatory blood flow underneath the distal end of a standard pneumatic cuff. The probe is adapted to the anatomical conditions at the ankle, permitting recording of pressures in both ankle arteries separately. The validity of the equipment was tested with CW Doppler-derived systolic pressures and invasive blood pressure measurements for reference. In 20 healthy subjects, visual analysis of the PPG curves revealed a mean difference between CW Doppler and PPG measurements of –0.5 mmHg (SD 6.9). Corresponding results for the anterior and posterior tibial arteries separately were –1.8 mmHg (SD 6.2) and 0.9 mmHg (SD 7.3), respectively. A correct probe position was essential for the results. In direct recordings from the dorsalis pedis artery in 10 intensive care patients, PPG underestimated systolic pressure in the anterior tibial artery by 4.5 mmHg (SD 12.1). With further development, the PPG probe, integrated in the pneumatic cuff, may simplify measurements of ankle systolic pressures.
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- Jönsson, Björn, 1951-, et al.
(author)
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Automatic ankle pressure measurements using PPG in ankle-brachial pressure index determination
- 2005
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In: European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-5884 .- 1532-2165. ; 30:4, s. 395-401
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- ObjectiveTo evaluate a new technique using a photoplethysmographic (PPG) probe for automatic ankle pressure measurements.DesignComparative study on two techniques for ankle pressure measurement.SettingUniversity hospital.MaterialThirty-five patients with leg arterial disease and eight healthy volunteers. Ankle-brachial indices (ABPI) were measured using conventional CW Doppler technique and PPG-based prototype equipment for the ankle pressure recordings.Chief outcome measuresABPIs calculated from CW Doppler and PPG ankle pressure measurements. The PPG signals were analysed both by visual judgement and by a software based, automatic algorithm.Main resultsThe mean difference between ABPIs calculated from CW Doppler recordings and PPG (visual analysis) was −0.01 (limits of agreement (±two standard deviations) +0.16 to −0.19). The correlation coefficient was 0.93. When the algorithm was used, the mean difference (CW Doppler−PPG) was 0.05 (limits of agreement 0.28 to −0.18, r=0.89).ConclusionsThe PPG method is a promising technique with an inherent potential for automatisation of the ankle pressure measurements, thereby reducing the observer-dependency in ABPI recordings.
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- Laurent, Claes, 1958-, et al.
(author)
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Non-invasive measurement of systolic blood pressure on the arm utilising photoplethysmography : development of the methodology
- 2005
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In: Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing. - 0140-0118 .- 1741-0444. ; 43:1, s. 131-135
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Photoplethysmography (PPG) can be used to measure systolic blood pressure at the brachial artery. With a specially designed probe, positioned in the most distal position beneath a pressure cuff on the upper arm, this is possible. The distance between the light source (880 nm) and the photodetector was 20 mm. A test was performed on neuro-intensive care patients by determining blood pressure from the PPG curves, and, when it was compared with systolic blood pressure obtained from inserted indwelling arterial catheters, a correlation factor of r=0.95 was achieved. The difference between blood pressure obtained using PPG and invasive blood pressure measurement was 3.9±9.1 mmHg (mean±SD), n=19. The depth to the brachial artery was 13.9±4.1 mm (mean±SD), n=18. A digital PPG system utilising pulsating light was also developed.
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8. |
- Laurent, Claes, 1958-, et al.
(author)
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Non-invasive monitoring of systolic blood preassure on arm utilizing photoplethysmography (PPG)
- 2000
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In: World Congress of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering,2000. - : Springer-Verlag. ; , s. 131-135
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Photoplethysmography (PPG) can be used to measure systolic blood pressure at the brachial artery. With a specially designed probe, positioned in the most distal position beneath a pressure cuff on the upper arm, this is possible. The distance between the light source (880 nm) and the photodetector was 20 mm. A test was performed on neuro-intensive care patients by determining blood pressure from the PPG curves, and, when it was compared with systolic blood pressure obtained from inserted indwelling arterial catheters, a correlation factor of r=0.95 was achieved. The difference between blood pressure obtained using PPG and invasive blood pressure measurement was 3.9±9.1 mmHg (mean±SD), n=19. The depth to the brachial artery was 13.9±4.1 mm (mean±SD), n=18. A digital PPG system utilising pulsating light was also developed.
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- Laurent, Claes, 1958-, et al.
(author)
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Noninvasive monitoring of systolic blood pressure on the arm utilizing photoplethysmography (PPG) : clinical report
- 2004
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In: <em>Proc. SPIE</em> 5318, Advanced Biomedical and Clinical Diagnostic Systems II. - Bellingham WA, USA : SPIE. ; , s. 99-
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A soft (silicone) probe, containing six light emitting diodes (880 nm) and three photo detectors, utilizes photoplethysmography (PPG) to monitor pulsations from the brachialis artery under an occluding cuff during deflation. When the arterial pulse returns, measured by PPG, the corresponding pressure in the cuff is determined. This pressure is assumed to equal the systolic pressure. An assessment trial was performed on 21 patients (9 women and 12 men, aged 27-69) at the Neuro-Intensive care unit. Since the patients were already provided with arterial needles, invasive blood pressure could be used as the reference. By choosing a threshold, for detecting pulses, as a fraction (4%) of the maximum amplitude, the systolic blood pressure was underestimated (-0.57 mmHg, SD 12.1). The range of systolic pressure for the patients was 95.5 - 199.0 mmHg, n=14. The method is promising, but improvements still have to be made in order to improve the technique.
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