| 1. |
- Bhoo-Pathy, Nirmala, et al.
(author)
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Intake of Coffee, Decaffeinated Coffee, or Tea Does Not Affect Risk for Pancreatic Cancer : Results From the European Prospective Investigation into Nutrition and Cancer Study
- 2013
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In: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. - : Elsevier. - 1542-3565 .- 1542-7714. ; 11:11, s. 1486-1492
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND & AIMS: Few modifiable risk factors have been implicated in the etiology of pancreatic cancer. There is little evidence for the effects of caffeinated coffee, decaffeinated coffee, or tea intake on risk of pancreatic cancer. We investigated the association of total coffee, caffeinated coffee, decaffeinated coffee, and tea consumption with risk of pancreatic cancer.METHODS: This study was conducted within the European Prospective Investigation into Nutrition and Cancer cohort, comprising male and female participants from 10 European countries. Between 1992 and 2000, there were 477,312 participants without cancer who completed a dietary questionnaire, and were followed up to determine pancreatic cancer incidence. Coffee and tea intake was calibrated with a 24-hour dietary recall. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were computed using multivariable Cox regression.RESULTS: During a mean follow-up period of 11.6 y, 865 first incidences of pancreatic cancers were reported. When divided into fourths, neither total intake of coffee (HR, 1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.83-1.27; high vs low intake), decaffeinated coffee (HR, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.76-1.63; high vs low intake), nor tea were associated with risk of pancreatic cancer (HR, 1.22, 95% CI, 0.95-1.56; high vs low intake). Moderately low intake of caffeinated coffee was associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer (HR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.02-1.74), compared with low intake. However, no graded dose response was observed, and the association attenuated after restriction to histologically confirmed pancreatic cancers.CONCLUSIONS: Based on an analysis of data from the European Prospective Investigation into Nutrition and Cancer cohort, total coffee, decaffeinated coffee, and tea consumption are not related to the risk of pancreatic cancer.
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| 2. |
- John, Sternbeck, et al.
(author)
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Organiska miljögifter i fisk från svenska bakgrundsområden
- 2014
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Fisk från nio svenska lokaler, representerande sötvatten, kust och utsjö, har analyserats på PBDE (polybromerade difenyletrar), HBCD, PAH (polycykliska aromatiska kolväten), Klorerade bensener, PCB, ftalater, och klorerade dioxiner och furander i fiskmuskel. Dessutom har pentaklorfenol, triclosan och tetrabrombisfenol A analyserats i fiskgalla från tre av dessa lokaler.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Kardell, Örjan, 1963-, et al.
(author)
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Skogsgödslingen i backspegeln : debatten om storskogsbrukets kvävegödsling i Sverige ca 1960-2009
- 2010
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In the mid-1960s, fertilization (with nitrogen) had a breakthrough as a forest management method in Swedish company owned forests. The activity grew and peaked during the 1970s but then lost ground and stabilized on a low level in the 1990s and early 2000s. Over the last five years, however, interest in fertilizing Swedish forests has increased again. In this article factors that have shaped these fluctuations are explored. A specific task is to investigate to what extent the fluctuations correlate with debates on environmental issues. Furthermore, conflicting “fundamental ideas” within interest groups, representing forestry and the environmental movement respectively, are identified and analyzed. The study thus sheds some light on how the relationship between forestry and the environmental movement has evolved, from the 1960s until today.
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| 5. |
- Lindkvist, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Attitudes on intensive forestry : an investigation into perceptions of increased production requirements in Swedish forestry
- 2012
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0282-7581 .- 1651-1891. ; 27:5, s. 438-448
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In 2008, the Swedish government launched an inquiry into the possibilities, benefits and requirements for conducting intensive forestry in part of the Swedish countryside, including fertilization, genetically improved plant material and fastgrowing species beyond what is currently allowed in Swedish legislation. Drawing upon part of that governmental investigation, this paper analyzes attitudes toward intensive forestry over time. The study draws upon studies of points of conflict written in the 1970s and 1980s, attitudes among different stakeholder groups, and interviews with forest owners and stakeholder groups potentially affected by intensive forestry. The study concludes that the diverging opinions as to what constitutes acceptable forest use have remained largely the same over the years. Radical landscape change is generally not seen as desirable, but views diverge over the use of novel tree species and the use of fertilization.
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| 6. |
- Lindkvist, Anna, 1976-, et al.
(author)
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Idéer och värderingar i den svenska skogsgödslingens historia
- 2010
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Reports (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Sedan 1950-talet har skogsgödsling med kväve framhållits som en av de mest lönsamma skogsvårdsåtgärderna inom skogsbruket. Trots dessa fördelar har intresset för skogsgödsling pendlat kraftigt över tid och endast lockat de stora skogsbolagen i Sverige. Många faktorer har påverkat storskogsbrukets intresse för skogsgödslingen över tid. Ekonomiska överväganden, statliga författningar och påtryckningar från kritiska miljöorganisationer och andra intressegrupper har haft betydelse, men periodvis också en oro över gödslingens ekonomiska och ekologiska konsekvenser för virke och skog. Idéer och värderingar i den svenska skogsgödslingens historia. Osäkerheten kring skogsgödslingens effekter, som byggts upp sedan 1960-talet, har skapat motsättningar mellan gödslingsförespråkare och -motståndare. Konflikterna har underbyggts av seglivade idéer ("tankefigurer") som står emot varandra. Idéer och frågor som uttrycktes på 1960-talet har fortfarande inflytande över dagens debatt och framstår därmed som relativt stabila. Detta innebär att motsättningarna sannolikt kommer att kvarstå inom den närmaste framtiden.
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| 7. |
- Lindkvist, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Intensive Forestry as Progress or Decay? : An Analysis of the Debate about Forest Fertilization in Sweden, 1960–2010
- 2011
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In: Forests. - : MDPI Publishing. - 1999-4907. ; 2:1, s. 112-146
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the mid-1960s, fertilization (with nitrogen) had a breakthrough as a promising forest management method in Swedish company owned forests. The activity grew and peaked during the 1970s but then lost ground and stabilized at a low level in the 1990s and early 2000s. Over the last five years, however, interest in fertilizing Swedish forests has increased again. In this article both the forestry industry’s, and the environmental movement’s, attitudes toward forest fertilization over time are investigated. Furthermore, conflicting persistent ideas about nature and future, i.e., “figures of thought”, within interest groups, representing forestry and the environmental movement respectively, are identified and analyzed in relation to the debate on fertilization. The analysis reveals mainly three figures of thought that have influenced this debate during the period, “the idea of progress”, “the idea of decay” and “the idea of the great chain of being”. The study thus sheds light on how the relationship between forestry and the environmental movement has evolved from the 1960s until today and uncovers thought patterns that have stood, and continue to stand, in opposition to one another.
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| 8. |
- Sandström, Camilla, 1967-, et al.
(author)
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Governing competing demands for forest resources in Sweden
- 2011
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In: Forests. - : MDPI AG. - 1999-4907. ; 2:1, s. 218-242
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Changing and competing land use, where we make use of a growing share of resources, potentially undermines the capacity of forests to provide multiple functions such as timber, biodiversity, recreation and pasture lands. The governance challenge is thus to manage trade-offs between human needs and, at the same time, maintain the capacities of forests to provide us with these needs. Sweden provides a clear example of this kind of challenge. Traditionally, timber has been the most apparent contribution of the forest to Swedish national interests. However, due to competing land use, the identification of the wider role of forests in terms of multifunctionality has been recognized. Today, a number of functions, such as water quality and biodiversity together with cultural and social activities related to forests, are increasingly included as potential demands on forests in competition with traditional functions such as timber production. The challenge is thus related to trade-offs between different functions. How to balance the relationship and guide trade-offs between different functions of forests is, to a large extent, a matter of policy choice and the design of appropriate governance institutions and pro-active management activities. Based on perceptions among stakeholders on future competing demands and a literature review, the paper explore the multifunctionality of the Swedish forests and how it is affected by competing demands for land use; how multifunctionality is currently governed; and concludes by suggesting promising decision support methods to manage trade-offs between different functions.
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