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- Nyamtema, A S, et al.
(author)
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Partogram use in the Dar es Salaam perinatal care study
- 2008
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In: International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics. - : Wiley. - 0020-7292 .- 1879-3479. ; 100:1, s. 37-40
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To assess the quality of partograms used to monitor tabor in Dar es Salaam hospitals, Tanzania. Methods: The study team reviewed the records of the parameters of tabor, and maternal and fetal conditions in 367 partograms, and interviewed 20 midwives. Results: All midwives interviewed had been previously trained to use the partogram. Of all partograms reviewed, 50% had no records of duration of tabor. Although cervical dilation and fetal heart rates were recorded in 97% and 94% of the partograms respectively, 63% and 91% of these were judged to be substandard. Substandard monitoring of fetal heart rates was strongly associated with poor fetal outcome (P<0.001). Blood pressure, temperature, and pulse rates were not recorded in 47%-76% of partograms. Conclusion: These findings reflect poor management of tabor and indicate urgent in-service training to address the importance of documentation and regular partogram audit in order to reduce maternal and perinatal deaths. (c) 2007 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.
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- Nyamtema, A S, et al.
(author)
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Staffing needs for quality perinatal care in Tanzania
- 2008
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In: African Journal of Reproductive Health. - 1118-4841. ; 12:3, s. 113-124
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In Tanzania maternal and perinatal mortalities and morbidities are problems of public health importance, and have been linked to the shortage of skilled staff. We quantified the available workforce and the required nursing staff for perinatal care in 16 health institutions in Dar es Salaam. WHO safe motherhood needs assessment instruments were used to assess the availability of human resources, WHO designed Workload Indicators for Staffing Need (WISN) and Tanzanian standard activities and components of the workload for labour ward nursing were used to calculate nurse staffing requirements and WISN ratios. There was a severe shortage of essential categories of health staff for perinatal care in all institutions. The ranges of WISN ratios for nursing staff working in the municipal hospitals' labour wards were; nurse officers 0.5 - 1, trained nurses/midwives 0.2 - 0.4 and nurse assistants 0.1. These findings reflect extremely huge perinatal care workload pressure and suggest the urgent need for more staff in order to achieve the global millennium development goals set for maternal and infant survival.
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- Brown, David A, et al.
(author)
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Macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1 : a new prognostic marker in prostate cancer.
- 2009
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In: Clinical Cancer Research. - : AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH. - 1078-0432 .- 1557-3265. ; 15:21, s. 6658-6664
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PURPOSE: High serum levels of macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1 (MIC-1) are strongly associated with metastatic prostate cancer, suggesting MIC-1 is a biomarker for prostate cancer prognosis. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We conducted a prospective cohort study of 1,442 Swedish men with a pathologically verified diagnosis of prostate cancer between 2001 and 2003. Blood was drawn either pretreatment (n = 431) or posttreatment (n = 1,011) and cases were followed for a mean time of 4.9 years (range, 0.1-6.8 years). RESULTS: MIC-1 serum levels independently predicted poor cancer-specific survival with an almost 3-fold higher cancer death rate in patients with serum levels in the highest quartile compared with men with serum levels in the lowest quartile (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.98; 95% confidence interval, 1.82-4.68). Pretreatment MIC-1 levels revealed an even stronger association with disease outcome with an 8-fold higher death rate in the highest compared with the lowest category (adjusted hazard ratio, 7.98; 95% confidence interval, 1.73-36.86). Among patients considered to have localized disease, MIC-1 significantly increased the discriminative capacity between indolent and lethal prostate cancer compared with the established prognostic markers clinical stage, pathologic grade, and prostate-specific antigen level (P = 0.016). A sequence variant in the MIC-1 gene was associated with decreased MIC-1 serum levels (P = 0.002) and decreased prostate cancer mortality (P = 0.003), suggesting a causative role of MIC-1 in prostate cancer prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Serum MIC-1 concentration is a novel biomarker capable of predicting prostate cancer prognosis.
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- Freni, A., et al.
(author)
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The European school of antennas within the ACE network
- 2005
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In: 35th European Microwave Conference 2005. - 2960055128 - 9782960055122 ; , s. 793-796
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Antenna Center of Excellence (ACE) Is a Network of Excellence funded by the EC 6th Framework Program. This paper describes the activities on Training and Education within the network and In particular the organization of a European School of Antennas with short courses on different antenna related topics taught be recognized experts In the respective fields.
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- Glantz, Maria, et al.
(author)
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Effects of animal selection on milk composition and processability.
- 2009
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In: Journal of Dairy Science. - : American Dairy Science Association. - 1525-3198 .- 0022-0302. ; 92:9, s. 4589-4603
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- One goal of animal breeding is to increase the economic output through increased production, improved milk quality, and cow health. The objective of this study was to evaluate genetic progress in relation to milk composition, processability, and yield as a correlated response to selection for the Swedish breeding objective. Dairy cows with high genetic merit, classified as elite dairy cows, of the Swedish Red and Swedish Holstein breeds were used. Milk samples were collected on the farm level in winter and summer from a research herd at Nötcenter Viken, a bovine research farm in Sweden. Comparisons were made with milk from a Swedish Red herd, a Swedish Holstein herd, and a Swedish dairy processor in the same geographical area. Protein, lipid, and carbohydrate profiles as well as minerals were analyzed, and technological properties, including rennet-induced gelation characteristics, lipid oxidation, total antioxidant capacity, and fat globule size, were determined. Higher yields were found for elite cows for components of the protein, lipid, and carbohydrate profiles as well as for minerals, implying genetic progress in relation to milk yield; however, the content of some milk components (e.g., lipid and whey protein contents) had decreased on average. Milk from the elite cows had good gelation characteristics, but was more susceptible to lipid autooxidation and had a lower total antioxidant capacity. These results demonstrate that milk composition and processing characteristics could be used to adjust breeding practices to optimize the quality and stability of milk and dairy products.
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