| 1. |
- Bruzzi, M, et al.
(author)
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Radiation-hard semiconductor detectors for SuperLHC
- 2005
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In: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5087 .- 0168-9002. ; 541:1-2, s. 189-201
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An option of increasing the luminosity of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN to 1035 cm-2 s-1 has been envisaged to extend the physics reach of the machine. An efficient tracking down to a few centimetres from the interaction point will be required to exploit the physics potential of the upgraded LHC. As a consequence, the semiconductor detectors close to the interaction region will receive severe doses of fast hadron irradiation and the inner tracker detectors will need to survive fast hadron fluences of up to above 1016cm-2. The CERN-RD50 project "Development of Radiation Hard Semiconductor Devices for Very High Luminosity Colliders" has been established in 2002 to explore detector materials and technologies that will allow to operate devices up to, or beyond, this limit. The strategies followed by RD50 to enhance the radiation tolerance include the development of new or defect engineered detector materials (SiC, GaN, Czochralski and epitaxial silicon, oxygen enriched Float Zone silicon), the improvement of present detector designs and the understanding of the microscopic defects causing the degradation of the irradiated detectors. The latest advancements within the RD50 collaboration on radiation hard semiconductor detectors will be reviewed and discussed in this work.
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| 3. |
- Kristensson, E, et al.
(author)
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Acute psychological stress raises plasma ghrelin in the rat.
- 2006
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In: Regulatory Peptides. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-0115 .- 1873-1686. ; 134:2-3, s. 114-117
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Ghrelin is produced by the A-like cells of the stomach and mobilized by food deprivation. It was reported recently that acute psychological stress increases ghrelin gene expression in rat oxyntic mucosa. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of such stress on circulating ghrelin levels. To this end, we measured plasma ghrelin in Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats (a high-anxiety strain) and Sprague–Dawley (SPD) rats (a low-anxiety strain), exposed to water avoidance stress for 60 min. Blood was collected before and after the stress. Acute stress increased the plasma ACTH concentration not, vert, similar5-fold (p < 0.01) in both strains of rats, while plasma ghrelin increased by 85% (p < 0.01) in the SPD rats and by 40% (p < 0.001) in the WKY rats. Ghrelin levels after acute stress were higher (p < 0.05) in the SPD rats than in the WKY rats. Sham stress did not affect plasma ghrelin. We conclude that acute psychological stress mobilizes ghrelin and that the SPD rats respond with a higher plasma ghrelin concentration than the WKY rats.
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| 5. |
- Berg, AL, et al.
(author)
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Early stellate cell activation and veno-occlusive-disease (VOD)-like hepatotoxicity in dogs treated with AR-H047108, an imidazopyridine proton pump inhibitor
- 2008
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In: Toxicologic pathology. - : SAGE Publications. - 1533-1601 .- 0192-6233. ; 36:5, s. 727-737
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Dogs treated with AR-H047108, an imidazopyridine potassium competitive acid blocker (P-CAB), developed clinical signs of hepatic dysfunction as well as morphologically manifest hepatotoxicity in repeat-dose toxicity studies. An investigative one-month study was performed, with interim euthanasia after one and two weeks. A detailed histopathological and immunohistochemical characterization of the liver lesions was conducted, including markers for fibrosis, Kupffer cell activation, apoptosis, and endothelial injury. In addition, hepatic retinoid and procollagen 1α2 mRNA levels in livers of dogs treated with AR-H047108 were analyzed. The results showed an early inflammatory process in central veins and centrilobular areas, present after one week of treatment. This inflammatory reaction was paralleled by activation of stellate/Ito cells to myofibroblasts and was associated with sinusoidal and centrivenular fibrosis. The early activation of stellate cells coincided with a significant decrease in retinyl ester levels, and a significant increase in procollagen 1α2 mRNA levels, in the liver. At later time points (three and six months), there was marked sinusoidal fibrosis in centrilobular areas, as well as occlusion of central veins resulting from a combination of fibrosis and increased thickness of smooth muscle bundles in the vessel wall. The pattern of lesions suggests a veno-occlusive-disease (VOD)–like scenario, possibly linked to the imidazopyridine chemical structure of the compound facilitated by specific morphological features of the dog liver.
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| 9. |
- Levander, Sten, et al.
(author)
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Costs of schizophrenia during five years
- 2007
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In: Schizophrenia Bulletin. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1745-1701 .- 0586-7614. ; 33:2, s. 485-485
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
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