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- Lorentzen, Charlott, et al.
(author)
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Decisive Factors for Quality of Experience of OpenID Authentication Using EAP
- 2011
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In: Advances in Electronics and Telecommunications. - : Publishing House Of Poznan University Of Technology. - 2081-8580. ; 2:3, s. 79-87
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- When using the web, long response times are bones of contention for users, i.e. they damp the Quality of Experience (QoE). Though, if one knows the cause of the long response time one may examine what could be done to eliminate the obstacle. In this paper, we determine the weak point of the Extensible Authentication Protocol Method for GSM Subscriber Identity Modules (EAP-SIM) with the OpenID service with regards to excessive authentication times, which determine the response times. In order to provoke controlled increases of the latter, we emulate bad network performance by introducing bi-directional delay between the supplicant (client) and the authentication server. The same procedure is also applied to several other EAP methods. Based on a recent, exponential relationship between QoE and response time, we then identify, quantify and compare the decisive factors for QoE reduction as functions of the components of the authentication times. The results we obtain clearly show that one task of the EAP-SIM authentication contributes significantly more to the total response times than the other tasks, which points out the direction for future optimisation of user perception of authentication times.
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| 3. |
- Angelin, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Have Nordic welfare regimes adapted to changes in transitions to adulthood? Unemployment insurance and social assistance among young people in the Nordic welfare states
- 2014
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In: Young people and social policy in Europe. - Basingstoke : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9781137370525 - 9781137370518 ; , s. 169-188
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Entering adult life consists of several transitions that are related to finding a source of income, establishing an independent household and creating new family formations. This stage of ‘becoming’ entails a move from needing others to living as an autonomous and economically independent citizen (France, 2008; Smeeding and Philips, 2002). This key life stage, where several major transitions and life-course events take place concurrently (Anxo et al., 2010; Müller and Gangl, 2003), results in increasing vulnerability to poverty (Moore, 2005). In the Nordic countries (Finland, Sweden and Norway), economic autonomy has become quite difficult to obtain for many young people; continued financial support from either parents or social assistance is a reality for many. Poverty is central in understanding if and how young people can transition effectively into adulthood. Within the populations of the Nordic countries today, young people are among those most likely to be economically vulnerable.1 Despite being relatively affluent compared with young people in many eastern and southern European countries, it is evident that this life phase is associated with increasing vulnerability in the Nordic countries.
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| 4. |
- Berg, Mikael, 1970-
(author)
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Historielärares ämnesförståelse : Centrala begrepp i historielärares förståelse av skolämnet historia
- 2014
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis focuses on four different aspects of history teachers’ comprehensive understanding of the school subject history. More specifically, the aim is to study the comprehension of the subject as perceived by individual history teachers. Special emphasis is placed on identifying the concepts of the field of history that are central to the teachers’ understanding of the school subject history. The first aspect studied is the teachers’ biographical changes. In a life history perspective it seems as if the teachers’ subject conception changes from an unproblematic and tentative approach to a more complex and confident understanding of the subject. The second aspect treated is the rationale behind their grasp of the purpose and content of the subject. Three major positions are identified, namely educational (bildung) orientation, critical orientation, and identity orientation. The third aspect studied is the teachers’ interpretation of a curriculum new to them. The teachers placed the curriculum in the field of tension between an education policy position, emphasizing more precise knowledge, on the one hand, and a history science position, emphasizing concepts of historical consciousness. The fourth aspect studied is five different conceptual tools displayed in the teachers’ remarks on having completed the teaching of a new course. These are termed ‘history as narrative’, ‘history as time-space’, ‘history as explanation’, ‘history as perspective taking’, and ‘history as skills’ At the general level the study shows not only that subject conception is of importance to the teachers’ understanding of their obligation as teachers of history but also how it is formed and constantly transformed by many different factors. In this process it is clear that the concepts used by the teachers, although variously defined, can be seen as specific to the school subject history and essential to the construction of history as a school subject.
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| 8. |
- Bouyukliev, I. G., et al.
(author)
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Results on Binary Linear Codes With Minimum Distance 8 and 10
- 2011
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In: IEEE Transactions on Information Theory. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0018-9448 .- 1557-9654. ; 57:9, s. 6089-6093
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- All linear binary codes with minimum distance 8 and codimension up to 14 and all codes with minimum distance 10 and codimension up to 18 are classified. Nonexistence of codes with parameters [33, 18, 8] and [33, 14, 10] is proved. This leads to 8 new exact bounds for binary linear codes. Primarily two algorithms considering the dual codes are used, namely extension of dual codes with a proper coordinate, and a fast algorithm for finding a maximum clique in a graph, which is modified to find a maximum set of vectors with the right dependency structure.
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| 10. |
- Dahl, Christina, et al.
(author)
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Mutual Exclusivity Analysis of Genetic and Epigenetic Drivers in Melanoma Identifies a Link Between p14(ARF) and RAR beta Signaling
- 2013
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In: Molecular Cancer Research. - 1557-3125. ; 11:10, s. 1166-1178
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Melanoma genomes contain thousands of alterations including: mutations, copy number alterations, structural aberrations, and methylation changes. The bulk of this variation is stochastic and functionally neutral, with only a small minority representing "drivers" that contribute to the genesis and maintenance of tumors. Drivers are often directly or inversely correlated across tumors, reflecting the molecular and regulatory signaling pathways in which they operate. Here, a profile of genetic and epigenetic drivers in 110 human melanoma cell lines was generated and searched for non-random distribution patterns. Statistically significant mutual exclusivity was revealed among components of each of the p16(INK4A)-CDK4-RB, RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways. In addition, an inverse correlation was observed between promoter hypermethylation of retinoic acid receptor beta (RARB) and CDKN2A alterations affecting p14(ARF) (P < 0.0001), suggesting a functional link between RAR beta signaling and the melanoma-suppressive activities of p14(ARF). Mechanistically, all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) treatment increased the expression of p14(ARF) in primary human melanocytes and the steady-state levels of p14(ARF) in these cells were shown to be regulated via RAR beta. Furthermore, the ability of ATRA to induce senescence is reduced in p14(ARF)-depleted melanocytes, and we provide proof-of-concept that ATRA can induce irreversible growth arrest in melanoma cells with an intact RARb-p14(ARF) signaling axis, independent of p16(INK4A) and p53 status. Implications: These data highlight the power of mutual exclusivity analysis of cancer drivers to unravel molecular pathways and establish a previously unrecognized cross-talk between RAR beta and p14(ARF) with potential implications for melanoma treatment.
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