| 1. |
- Akkawi, Ranaa, et al.
(author)
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Effect of oral naloxone hydrochloride on gastrointestinal transit in premature infants treated with morphine
- 2009
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In: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 98:3, s. 442-447
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Opioids are common drugs for pain treatment in preterm newborn infants, in spite of several adverse effects. Constipation is a frequent problem when opioids are used in both adults and neonates. Although several studies indicate that the oral administration of naloxone hydrochloride (NH) improves intestinal motility during opioid therapy, there is still a lack of evidence in newborns. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of NH against reduced intestinal motility during opioid treatment. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed. We analysed the medical records of fifteen infants (Group 1) treated with continuous morphine (MO) infusion and fourteen infants (Group 2) treated with both oral NH (3 mu g/kg 4 times daily) and MO. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the total MO dose. Infants treated both with NH and MO had a tendency to improve their mean stool frequency/day. A statistically significant improvement was observed in the mean total food intake (mL/kg/day) of the infants treated with NH (p = 0.014). No difference in the mean food retention between the two groups was observed. Conclusion: Orally administrated NH seems to improve intestinal motility resulting in increased food intake/day and improved stool frequency/day in premature newborn infants treated with MO. Further studies are needed to corroborate these findings.
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| 2. |
- Klevebring, Daniel, 1981-, et al.
(author)
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Genome-wide profiling of Populus small RNAs
- 2009
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In: BMC Genomics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2164. ; 10, s. Article number 620-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Short RNAs, and in particular microRNAs, are important regulators of gene expression both within defined regulatory pathways and at the epigenetic scale. We investigated the short RNA (sRNA) population (18-24 nt) of the transcriptome of green leaves from the sequenced Populus trichocarpa using a concatenation strategy in combination with 454 sequencing. Results: The most abundant size class of sRNAs were 24 nt and these were generally associated with a number of classes of retrotransposons and repetitive elements. Some repetitive elements were also associated with 22 nt RNAs. We identified an sRNA hot-spot on chromosome 19, overlapping a region containing both the sex-determining loci and a major cluster of NBS-LRR genes. A number of phased siRNA loci were identified, a subset of which are predicted to target PPR and NBS-LRR disease resistance genes, classes of genes that have been significantly expanded in Populus. Additional loci enriched for sRNA production were identified. We identified 15 novel predicted microRNAs (miRNAs), including miRNA∗ sequences, and identified a novel locus that may encode a dual miRNA or a miRNA and short interfering RNAs (siRNAs). Conclusions: The short RNA population of P. trichocarpa is at least as complex as that of Arabidopsis. We provide a first genome-wide view of short RNA production for P. trichocarpa and identify new, non-conserved miRNAs.
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| 3. |
- Manni, Luigi, 1962, et al.
(author)
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Effect of anti-NGF on ovarian expression of alpha1- and beta2-adrenoceptors, TrkA, p75NTR, and tyrosine hydroxylase in rats with steroid-induced polycystic ovaries.
- 2006
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In: American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology. - : American Physiological Society. - 0363-6119 .- 1522-1490. ; 290:3
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Estradiol valerate (EV)-induced polycystic ovaries (PCO) in rats are associated with higher ovarian release and content of norepinephrine, decreased beta2-adrenoceptors (ARs), and dysregulated expression of alpha1-AR subtypes, all preceded by an increase in the production of ovarian NGF. The aim of this study was to further elucidate the role of NGF in the ovaries by blocking the action of NGF during development of EV-induced PCO in rats. Control and EV-injected rats were treated with intraperitoneal injections of IgG (control and PCO groups) or with anti-NGF antibodies (anti-NGF and PCO anti-NGF groups) every third day for 5 wk starting from the day of PCO induction. Rat weight, estrous cyclicity, ovarian morphology, ovarian mRNA, and protein expression of alpha1-AR subtypes, beta2-AR, the NGF receptor tyrosine kinase A (TrkA), p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR), and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) were analyzed. Ovaries in both PCO and PCO anti-NGF groups decreased in size as well as in number and size of corpora lutea. mRNA expression of alpha1a-AR and TrkA in the ovaries was lower, whereas expression of alpha1b- and alpha1d-AR and TH was higher, in the PCO group than in controls. Protein quantities of alpha1-ARs, TrkA, p75NTR, and TH were higher in the PCO group compared with controls, whereas the protein content of beta2-AR was lower. Anti-NGF treatment in the PCO group restored all changes in mRNA and protein content, except that of alpha1b-AR and TrkA mRNAs, to control levels. The results indicate that the NGF/NGF receptor system plays a role in the pathogenesis of EV-induced PCO in rats.
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| 4. |
- Unneberg, Per, et al.
(author)
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Analysis of 70,000 EST sequences to study divergence between two closely related Populus species
- 2005
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In: Tree Genetics & Genomes. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1614-2942 .- 1614-2950. ; 1:3, s. 109-115
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Populus genus has evolved as the model organism for forest tree genomics, which has been further emphasised with the sequencing of the Populus trichocarpa genome. Populus species are widely spread over the Northern Hemisphere and provide a great source of genetic diversity, which can be used for mapping of quantitative trait loci, positional cloning, association mapping and studies in environmental adaptation. Collections of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) are rich sources in studies of genetic diversity. Here, we report on an in-depth analysis of 70,000 ESTs from two Populus species, Populus tremula and Populus trichocarpa. We present data on the level of conservation in transcript sequences and supply a collection of potential single nucleotide polymorphisms.
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