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- Hudson, Lawrence N., et al.
(author)
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The PREDICTS database : a global database of how local terrestrial biodiversity responds to human impacts
- 2014
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In: Ecology and Evolution. - : Wiley. - 2045-7758. ; 4:24, s. 4701-4735
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Biodiversity continues to decline in the face of increasing anthropogenic pressures such as habitat destruction, exploitation, pollution and introduction of alien species. Existing global databases of species' threat status or population time series are dominated by charismatic species. The collation of datasets with broad taxonomic and biogeographic extents, and that support computation of a range of biodiversity indicators, is necessary to enable better understanding of historical declines and to project - and avert - future declines. We describe and assess a new database of more than 1.6 million samples from 78 countries representing over 28,000 species, collated from existing spatial comparisons of local-scale biodiversity exposed to different intensities and types of anthropogenic pressures, from terrestrial sites around the world. The database contains measurements taken in 208 (of 814) ecoregions, 13 (of 14) biomes, 25 (of 35) biodiversity hotspots and 16 (of 17) megadiverse countries. The database contains more than 1% of the total number of all species described, and more than 1% of the described species within many taxonomic groups - including flowering plants, gymnosperms, birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, beetles, lepidopterans and hymenopterans. The dataset, which is still being added to, is therefore already considerably larger and more representative than those used by previous quantitative models of biodiversity trends and responses. The database is being assembled as part of the PREDICTS project (Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems - ). We make site-level summary data available alongside this article. The full database will be publicly available in 2015.
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| 4. |
- Larigauderie, Anne, et al.
(author)
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Biodiversity and ecosystem services science for a sustainable planet : the DIVERSITAS vision for 2012-20
- 2012
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In: Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability. - : Elsevier BV. - 1877-3435 .- 1877-3443. ; 4:1, s. 101-105
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- DIVERSITAS, the international programme on biodiversity science, is releasing a strategic vision presenting scientific challenges for the next decade of research on biodiversity and ecosystem services: Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Science for a Sustainable Planet. This new vision is a response of the biodiversity and ecosystem services scientific community to the accelerating loss of the components of biodiversity, as well as to changes in the biodiversity science-policy landscape (establishment of a Biodiversity Observing Network - GEO BON, of an Intergovernmental science-policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services - IPBES, of the new Future Earth initiative; and release of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020). This article presents the vision and its core scientific challenges.
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| 5. |
- Larin, Alexander V., et al.
(author)
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Carbonate "door" in the NaKA zeolite as the reason of higher CO2 uptake relative to N-2
- 2012
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In: Microporous and Mesoporous Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 1387-1811 .- 1873-3093. ; 162, s. 98-104
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Theoretical calculations are performed on a model zeolite A where sodium ions have successively been exchanged with potassium. Using both isolated cluster and periodic DFT calculations, we made an attempt to explain how the chemisorbed carbonate species in the material contribute to the exceptionally high CO2 over N-2 selectivity of nearly 200 found in recent experiments [Liu et al. [1]] with the zeolite NaKA as adsorbent to capture and separate carbon dioxide from a gas mixture containing nitrogen. We have shown that the high carbonate forming at the potassium positions in the 8R windows (KII) results in a larger 8R window diameter potentially enhancing the CO2 uptake if adsorption is measured for individual gases.
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| 6. |
- Larin, Alexander V., et al.
(author)
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Oxide clusters as source of the third oxygen atom for the formation of carbonates in alkaline earth dehydrated zeolites
- 2011
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In: Journal of Catalysis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9517 .- 1090-2694. ; 281:2, s. 212-221
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In our paper, we show that carbonates can be formed with almost no energetic barrier from CO(2) and metal-oxide binuclear MO(x)M species (M = Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, with X = 1-4, depending on the cation) in alkaline earth zeolites, mordenite (MOR) and phillipsite (PHI), on the basis of quantum mechanical density functional theory (DFT) calculations at both isolated cluster and 3D periodic levels. The participation of MO(x)M species (X = 1 and 3) explains the source of the third O atom in CO(3) species in dehydrated zeolites, on the basis of a good agreement between the calculated and experimental positions of the asymmetric and symmetric CO(3) vibration bands, of the ratio of their intensities, and of the weak dependence versus the cation and framework type. The reaction of formation of dimethylcarbonate from CaCO(3)Ca in the 8-membered (8R) ring of MOR and methanol has also been considered, suggesting the carbonate activity as the source of CO(2) at elevated temperatures.
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- O'Seaghdha, Conall M., et al.
(author)
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Meta-Analysis of Genome-Wide Association Studies Identifies Six New Loci for Serum Calcium Concentrations
- 2013
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In: PLOS Genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7390 .- 1553-7404. ; 9:9, s. e1003796-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Calcium is vital to the normal functioning of multiple organ systems and its serum concentration is tightly regulated. Apart from CASR, the genes associated with serum calcium are largely unknown. We conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of 39,400 individuals from 17 population-based cohorts and investigated the 14 most strongly associated loci in <= 21,679 additional individuals. Seven loci (six new regions) in association with serum calcium were identified and replicated. Rs1570669 near CYP24A1 (P = 9.1E-12), rs10491003 upstream of GATA3 (P = 4.8E-09) and rs7481584 in CARS (P = 1.2E-10) implicate regions involved in Mendelian calcemic disorders: Rs1550532 in DGKD (P = 8.2E-11), also associated with bone density, and rs7336933 near DGKH/KIAA0564 (P = 9.1E-10) are near genes that encode distinct isoforms of diacylglycerol kinase. Rs780094 is in GCKR. We characterized the expression of these genes in gut, kidney, and bone, and demonstrate modulation of gene expression in bone in response to dietary calcium in mice. Our results shed new light on the genetics of calcium homeostasis.
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