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- Adam, A, et al.
(author)
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Abstracts from Hydrocephalus 2016.
- 2017
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In: Fluids and Barriers of the CNS. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-8118. ; 14:Suppl 1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 3. |
- Malm, Johan, et al.
(author)
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Long-term prediction of prostate cancer diagnosis and death using PSA and obesity related anthropometrics at early middle age: Data from the malmö preventive project
- 2018
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In: Oncotarget. - : Impact Journals, LLC. - 1949-2553. ; 9:5, s. 5778-5785
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: To evaluate whether anthropometric parameters add to PSA measurements in middle-aged men for risk assessment of prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis and death. Results: After adjusting for PSA, both BMI and weight were significantly associated with an increased risk of PCa death with the odds of a death corresponding to a 10 kg/m2 or 10 kg increase being 1.58 (95% CI 1.10, 2.28; p = 0.013) and 1.14 (95% CI 1.02, 1.26; p = 0.016) times greater, respectively. AUCs did not meaningfully increase with the addition of weight or BMI to prediction models including PSA. Materials and Methods: In 1974 to 1986, 22,444 Swedish men aged 44 to 50 enrolled in Malmö Preventive Project, Sweden, and provided blood samples and anthropometric data. Rates of PSA screening in the cohort were very low. Documentation of PCa diagnosis and disease-specific death up to 2014 was retrieved through national registries. Among men with anthropometric measurements available at baseline, a total of 1692 men diagnosed with PCa were matched to 4190 controls, and 464 men who died of disease were matched to 1390 controls. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to determine whether diagnosis or death from PCa were associated with weight and body mass index (BMI) at adulthood after adjusting for PSA. Conclusions: Men with higher BMI and weight at early middle age have an increased risk of PCa diagnosis and death after adjusting for PSA. However, in a multivariable numerical statistical model, BMI and weight do not importantly improve the predictive accuracy of PSA. Risk-stratification of screening should be based on PSA without reference to anthropometrics. © Assel et al.
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| 4. |
- Malm, Ulf, et al.
(author)
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Resource group ACT (RACT) - A review of an integrative approach to psychoeducation of individual families involving the patient
- 2015
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In: International Journal of Mental Health. - : Routledge. - 0020-7411 .- 1557-9328. ; 44:4, s. 269-276
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The implementation of evidence-based treatment methods for patients with severe mental illness must be deeply rooted in clinical case management and an ACT service delivery model, where the patient user can be involved in shared-decision making in the cycle of "assess-plan-act-follow up-feedback". In order to prepare and empower the client for the new role as a participating decision maker in the management of his/her own illness, various psychoeducational strategies are employed. The original family unit in the community of the Integrated Mental Health Care program (IC) was developed step-by-step through practice-based evidence and clinical expertise to include significant others as resource persons in a so called Resource Group, and therefore the program was subsequently named as "Resource group ACT" (RACT). The service delivery by community mental health teams involving the patient by way of resource groups as well as the psychoeducational treatment conditions involving both individual patients and family groups may contribute to the understanding of how RACT added clinical effectiveness in functioning and satisfaction. © 2015 Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
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| 8. |
- Malm, G., et al.
(author)
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Association between semen parameters and chance of fatherhood - a long-term follow-up study
- 2019
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In: Andrology. - : Wiley. - 2047-2919 .- 2047-2927. ; 7:1, s. 76-81
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Evaluation of male fertility includes standard semen analysis; however, there is uncertainty about the value of sperm parameters in predicting fertility. Objective: To evaluate the association between semen parameters and fatherhood during a long-time period. Materials and methods: Semen parameters (total sperm count, concentration, motility, and morphology) and sperm DNA fragmentation Index (DFI) assessed on samples collected from 195 Norwegian men from the general population in 2001/2002 were matched with information about fatherhood until 2015, obtained from the Medical Birth Register. The parameters were dichotomized as normal vs. abnormal according to the WHO reference values from 1999 and 2010. Cut-offs at 20% and 30% were used for DFI. Results: Among men who had no children before 2003, those with normal progressive sperm motility had more often become fathers (WHO 1999, cut-off ≥50%, adjusted OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.3–6.1 and WHO 2010, cut-off ≥32%; aOR 4.2, 95% CI 1.1–15). Based on the WHO 1999 reference value, men with normal sperm concentration (≥20 × 106/mL) had more often become fathers (aOR 3.1, 95% CI 1.1–8.6). Men with progressive sperm motility ≥50% and concentration ≥20 × 106/mL did more often achieve fatherhood (aOR 8.4, 95% CI 2.1–34). For DFI, there was a borderline significance at cut-off 20% in the group of men who had ever been fathers (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.0–7.0 p < 0.05). Discussion: The results indicate that sperm progressive motility, sperm concentration, and DFI are associated with fatherhood during a longer time period, with sperm motility being most consistent. Although the sample size is relatively small and our results should be replicated in larger studies, they may be of clinical relevance. Conclusion: Semen parameters may have a diagnostic value not only in a short time frame but also for predicting future fertility potential.
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| 9. |
- Nyman, T., et al.
(author)
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The early wasp plucks the flower: disparate extant diversity of sawfly superfamilies (Hymenoptera: "Symphyta') may reflect asynchronous switching to angiosperm hosts
- 2019
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In: Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0024-4066 .- 1095-8312. ; 128:1, s. 1-19
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The insect order Hymenoptera originated during the Permian nearly 300 Mya. Ancestrally herbivorous hymenopteran lineages today make up the paraphyletic suborder Symphyta', which encompasses c. 8200 species with very diverse host-plant associations. We use phylogeny-based statistical analyses to explore the drivers of diversity dynamics within the Symphyta', with a particular focus on the hypothesis that diversification of herbivorous insects has been driven by the explosive radiation of angiosperms during and after the Cretaceous. Our ancestral-state estimates reveal that the first symphytans fed on gymnosperms, and that shifts onto angiosperms and pteridophytes - and back - have occurred at different time intervals in different groups. Trait-dependent analyses indicate that average net diversification rates do not differ between symphytan lineages feeding on angiosperms, gymnosperms or pteridophytes, but trait-independent models show that the highest diversification rates are found in a few angiosperm-feeding lineages that may have been favoured by the radiations of their host taxa during the Cenozoic. Intriguingly, lineages-through-time plots show signs of an early Cretaceous mass extinction, with a recovery starting first in angiosperm-associated clades. Hence, the oft-invoked assumption of herbivore diversification driven by the rise of flowering plants may overlook a Cretaceous global turnover in insect herbivore communities during the rapid displacement of gymnosperm- and pteridophyte-dominated floras by angiosperms.
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| 10. |
- Pakpour, Amir H., et al.
(author)
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Can a multifaceted intervention including motivational interviewing improve medication adherence, quality of life and mortality rates in older patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery?
- 2017
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In: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - : Sage Publications. - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. ; 16:Suppl. 1, s. S1-S2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: Patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery are required to take a complex regimen of medications for a long time, and they may have negative outcomes because they struggle to adhere to this regimen. Designing effective interventions to promote medication adherence is therefore important. The present study aimed to evaluate the long-term effects of a multifaceted intervention (psycho-education, motivational interviewing, and short message services) on medication adherence, quality of life (QoL), and mortality rates in older patients undergoing CABG surgery.Methods: Patients aged over 65 years from 12 centers were assigned to the intervention (EXP; n = 144) or treatment as usual (TAU; n = 144) groups using cluster randomization with center level. Medication adherence was evaluated using Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS), pharmacy refill rate, and lipid profile; QoL using Short-Form 36.Data were collected at baseline; three, six, and eighteen months after intervention. Survival status was followed up at eighteen months. Multi-level regressions and survival analyses for hazard ratio (HR) were used for analyses.Results: Compared to patients who received TAU, the MARS, pharmacy refill rate, and lipid profile of patients in the EXP group improved six months after surgery (p <0.01) and remained so eighteen months after surgery (p< 0.01). QoL also increased among patients in the EXP group as compared to those who received TAU at eighteen month post-surgery (physical component summary score p= 0.02; mental component summary score p = 0.04). HR in the EXP group compared to the TAU group was 0.38 (p = 0.04).Conclusion: The findings suggest that a multifaceted intervention can improve medication adherence in older patients undergoing CABG surgery, with these improvements being maintained after eighteen months. QoL and survival rates increased as a function of better medication adherence.
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