| 1. |
- Gau, Rémi, et al.
(author)
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Brainhack : Developing a culture of open, inclusive, community-driven neuroscience
- 2021
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In: Neuron. - : Elsevier. - 0896-6273 .- 1097-4199. ; 109:11, s. 1769-1775
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Brainhack is an innovative meeting format that promotes scientific collaboration and education in an open, inclusive environment. This NeuroView describes the myriad benefits for participants and the research community and how Brainhacks complement conventional formats to augment scientific progress.
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| 2. |
- Koenig, Julian, et al.
(author)
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Cortical thickness and resting-state cardiac function across the lifespan : A cross-sectional pooled mega-analysis
- 2021
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In: Psychophysiology. - : Wiley. - 0048-5772 .- 1469-8986 .- 1540-5958. ; 58:7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Understanding the association between autonomic nervous system [ANS] function and brain morphology across the lifespan provides important insights into neurovisceral mechanisms underlying health and disease. Resting-state ANS activity, indexed by measures of heart rate [HR] and its variability [HRV] has been associated with brain morphology, particularly cortical thickness [CT]. While findings have been mixed regarding the anatomical distribution and direction of the associations, these inconsistencies may be due to sex and age differences in HR/HRV and CT. Previous studies have been limited by small sample sizes, which impede the assessment of sex differences and aging effects on the association between ANS function and CT. To overcome these limitations, 20 groups worldwide contributed data collected under similar protocols of CT assessment and HR/HRV recording to be pooled in a mega-analysis (N = 1,218 (50.5% female), mean age 36.7 years (range: 12–87)). Findings suggest a decline in HRV as well as CT with increasing age. CT, particularly in the orbitofrontal cortex, explained additional variance in HRV, beyond the effects of aging. This pattern of results may suggest that the decline in HRV with increasing age is related to a decline in orbitofrontal CT. These effects were independent of sex and specific to HRV; with no significant association between CT and HR. Greater CT across the adult lifespan may be vital for the maintenance of healthy cardiac regulation via the ANS—or greater cardiac vagal activity as indirectly reflected in HRV may slow brain atrophy. Findings reveal an important association between CT and cardiac parasympathetic activity with implications for healthy aging and longevity that should be studied further in longitudinal research.
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| 3. |
- Nord, Lars, et al.
(author)
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The exceptional election : Press coverage of Clinton and Trump in Italy, Sweden and the UK
- 2017
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The US presidential election campaign 2016 was in many ways remarkable. For the first time ever, there was a female candidate representing one of the main political parties. Furthermore, the female candidate was challenged by a competitor without any previous political experience. Finally, the two candidates were the oldest candidate duo in a presidential race ever.Presidential campaigns in the US have considerable importance in an international perspective. As the only remaining super power in the world the US plays a decisive role in world politics and international economy and still has an outstanding military capacity. Consequently, US elections of head of state may have great implications for the global community and it is plausible to believe that that the outcome of US presidential elections attracts worldwide interest, and in some cases may be covered almost as extensively as are national elections.This study compares press coverage of US presidential election campaign in 2016 in three different European countries: Italy, Sweden and the UK. The countries were selected as they represent three different models of media systems (Hallin & Mancini 2004). Italy reflects the polarized pluralist media system, Sweden represents the democratic corporativist media system and the UK is an example of the liberal media system. In the Swedish and British media models the mass press is a more distinctive feature than in the Italian media model. Additionally, professionalism in journalism is assumed to be more articulated in Sweden and the UK, while the Italian press generally is expected to be associated with a higher degree of political parallelism and partisan political journalism.Using the three models of media systems as an analytical point of departure, this study intends to compare how British, Italian and Swedish press covered the US presidential election campaign in 2016. The differences between the countries with regard to mass media structures, political linkages and journalistic norms may result in diverging patterns in media coverage of the US elections.The comparative study analysed three stages of the US presidential election campaign: the convention period in July, the three televised candidate debates in September-October and in two final weeks of the campaign in October-November. Four daily newspapers were selected in each country: two elite morning papers (one liberal and one conservative), the most popular tabloid newspaper and one regional newspaper. All articles, longer than three paragraphs covering the campaign and mentioning at least one of the presidential candidates were included in the analysis. Methodologically, a quantitative content analysis was conducted using a common code book and code instructions. In total, 933 articles were analysed: 309 in Italian press, 289 in Swedish press and 335 in British press.
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| 4. |
- Penson, Peter E., et al.
(author)
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Step-by-step diagnosis and management of the nocebo/drucebo effect in statin-associated muscle symptoms patients : a position paper from the International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP)
- 2022
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In: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2190-5991 .- 2190-6009. ; 13:3, s. 1596-1622
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Statin intolerance is a clinical syndrome whereby adverse effects (AEs) associated with statin therapy [most commonly statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS)] result in the discontinuation of therapy and consequently increase the risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. However, complete statin intolerance occurs in only a small minority of treated patients (estimated prevalence of only 3–5%). Many perceived AEs are misattributed (e.g. physical musculoskeletal injury and inflammatory myopathies), and subjective symptoms occur as a result of the fact that patients expect them to do so when taking medicines (the nocebo/drucebo effect)—what might be truth even for over 50% of all patients with muscle weakness/pain. Clear guidance is necessary to enable the optimal management of plasma in real-world clinical practice in patients who experience subjective AEs. In this Position Paper of the International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP), we present a step-by-step patient-centred approach to the identification and management of SAMS with a particular focus on strategies to prevent and manage the nocebo/drucebo effect and to improve long-term compliance with lipid-lowering therapy.
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