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- Johansson, Jonas, et al.
(author)
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Remote fluorescence measurements of vegetation spectrally resolved and by multi-colour fluorescence imaging
- 1996
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In: Journal of Plant Physiology. - 0176-1617. ; 148:5, s. 632-637
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A remote sensing system for combined fluorescence spectral recordings and multi-colour fluorescence imaging of vegetation will be presented. The system configuration will be explained and data from several field campaigns will be shown. The excitation light pulses for remote fluorescence detection are produced by a frequency tripled Nd:YAG laser emitting at 355 nm and shifted to 397 nm in a deuterium containing Raman cell. The receiving optics includes a Newtonian telescope and is shared by an optical fibre bundle connected to an OMA system and by a secondary Cassegrainian split-mirror telescope for fluorescence imaging at four wavelength bands simultaneously. The multi colour fluorescence images are computer processed to form images of a ratio at two wavelengths or if necessary a more complex mathematical function including the four wavelength bands is used. Examples of remote multi-colour imaging of vegetation from the past field campaigns will be given. Remote fluorescence spectra from several plant species were recorded at an excitation wavelength of 397 nm. Furthermore, the system was found capable of producing high-quality single-shot spectra at a range of 125 m. Lastly, a recently developed push-broom scanning technique for fluorescence imaging will be discussed and some preliminary data will be shown.
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- Sandblom, Gabriel, et al.
(author)
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Prostate Cancer Registration in Four Swedish Regions 1996 : Differences in Incidence, Age Structure and Management
- 1999
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5599 .- 1651-2065. ; 33:5, s. 306-311
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: In 1996 registration of prostate cancer in four of the six Swedish regions was started to facilitate evaluation of geographical variations in incidence and treatment.Material and methods: For all cases of prostate cancer, personal identification number, tumour stage, tumour grade and primary treatment were registered.Results: In the four regions covered by the register, 3541 cases of prostate cancer were registered. Altogether there were 5795 cases of prostate cancer diagnosed in Sweden the same year. The age-standardized incidence varied from 89/100 000 to 169/100 000 among counties. The proportion of localized tumours correlated positively to the incidence (p < 0.05) and negatively to mean age at diagnosis (p < 0.01). There was also a significant positive correlation between the proportion of localized tumours and the percentage of patients given curative treatment. All registered variables showed large geographical variations, especially concerning percentage of T1c tumours, treatment of localized tumours and choice of palliative treatment.Conclusion: Diagnostic activity varied considerably among counties, resulting in large variation in age-standardized incidence. High incidence is associated with a larger proportion of localized tumours, which, in turn, is associated with early age at diagnosis. In counties where a policy of detecting tumours early is practised, curative treatment is also given more often. Treatment of localized tumours and preference for palliative treatment seem to depend on local traditions. The lack of cytological and histopathological standards makes geographical comparisons based on tumour grade impossible.
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