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- Gertow, Karl, et al.
(author)
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Identification of the BCAR1-CFDP1-TMEM170A Locus as a Determinant of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Coronary Artery Disease Risk
- 2012
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In: Circulation: Cardiovascular Genetics. - 1942-325X .- 1942-3268. ; 5:6, s. 656-665
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background-Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) is a widely accepted marker of subclinical atherosclerosis. To date, large-scale investigations of genetic determinants of cIMT are sparse. Methods and Results-To identify cIMT-associated genes and genetic variants, a discovery analysis using the Illumina 200K CardioMetabochip was conducted in 3430 subjects with detailed ultrasonographic determinations of cIMT from the IMPROVE (Carotid Intima Media Thickness [IMT] and IMT-Progression as Predictors of Vascular Events in a High Risk European Population) study. Segment-specific IMT measurements of common carotid, bifurcation, and internal carotid arteries, and composite IMT variables considering the whole carotid tree (IMTmean, IMTmax, and IMTmean-max), were analyzed. A replication stage investigating 42 single-nucleotide polymorphisms for association with common carotid IMT was undertaken in 5 independent European cohorts (total n=11 590). A locus on chromosome 16 (lead single-nucleotide polymorphism rs4888378, intronic in CFDP1) was associated with cIMT at significance levels passing multiple testing correction at both stages (array-wide significant discovery P=6.75x10(-7) for IMTmax; replication P=7.24x10(-6) for common cIMT; adjustments for sex, age, and population substructure where applicable; minor allele frequency 0.43 and 0.41, respectively). The protective minor allele was associated with lower carotid plaque score in a replication cohort (P=0.04, n=2120) and lower coronary artery disease risk in 2 case-control studies of subjects with European ancestry (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] 0.83 [0.77-0.90], P=6.53x10(-6), n=13 591; and 0.95 [0.92-0.98], P=1.83x10(-4), n= 82 297, respectively). Queries of human biobank data sets revealed associations of rs4888378 with nearby gene expression in vascular tissues (n=126-138). Conclusions-This study identified rs4888378 in the BCAR1-CFDP1-TMEM170A locus as a novel genetic determinant of cIMT and coronary artery disease risk in individuals of European descent. (Circ Cardiovasc Genet. 2012;5:656-665.)
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| 3. |
- Marsland, Stephen, et al.
(author)
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Geodesic Warps by Conformal Mappings
- 2012
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In: International Journal of Computer Vision. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-1405 .- 0920-5691.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In recent years there has been considerable interest in methods for diffeomorphic warping of images, with applications in e.g. medical imaging and evolutionary biology. The original work generally cited is that of the evolutionary biologist D’ Arcy Wentworth Thompson, who demonstrated warps to deform images of one species into another. However, unlike the deformations in modern meth- ods, which are drawn from the full set of diffeomorphisms, he deliberately chose lower-dimensional sets of transforma- tions, such as planar conformal mappings. In this paper we study warps composed of such conformal mappings. The approach is to equip the infinite dimensional manifold of conformal embeddings with a Riemannian metric, and then use the corresponding geodesic equation in order to obtain diffeomorphic warps. After deriving the geodesic equation, a numerical discretisation method is developed. Several exam- ples of geodesic warps are then given. We also show that the equation admits totally geodesic solutions corresponding to scaling and translation, but not to affine transformations.
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| 4. |
- Marsland, Stephen, et al.
(author)
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On conformal variational problems and free boundary continua
- 2014
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In: Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical. - : IOP Publishing. - 1751-8121 .- 1751-8113. ; 47:14, s. Art. no. 145204-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We develop a framework for deriving governing partial differential equations for variational problems on spaces of conformal mappings. The main motivation is to obtain differential equations for the conformal motion of free boundary continua, of interest in image and shape registration. A fundamental tool in the paper, the Hodge–Morrey–Friedrichs decompositions of differential forms on manifolds with boundaries, is used to identify the orthogonal complement of the subspace of conformal mappings. A detailed presentation of these decompositions is included in the paper.
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