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- Spetea, M, et al.
(author)
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Alteration in endogenous systems during chronic inflammatory pain conditions
- 2002
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In: European Journal of Pharmacology. - 0014-2999 .- 1879-0712. ; 435:2-3, s. 245-252
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The influence of chronic arthritic pain on two endogenous opioid peptides, dynorphin B and [Met5]enkephalin-Arg6-Phe7, and multiple opioid receptors in discrete brain, lumbar spinal cord and pituitary pools was investigated. Using radioimmunoassay and receptor binding assay, we examined the changes in regional opioid peptide levels and opioid receptor activity due to chronic inflammation in adjuvant arthritic rats. At 4 weeks post-inoculation, increased levels of immunoreactive dynorphin B and [Met5]enkephalin-Arg6-Phe7 were measured in tissues of arthritic rats compared with controls. No significant changes in mu-, delta- or kappa-opioid receptors were seen after chronic inflammation. Taken together, these results indicate that in chronic arthritis, opioid receptor changes do not follow the peptide alterations of pro-dynorphin and pro-enkephalin systems. Thus, dynamic modification and modulation of nociceptive information takes place during chronic inflammation. This supports the key role of the central nervous system in chronic inflammatory pain conditions.
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- Bergström, Anders, 1960-, et al.
(author)
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Effect of carvedilol on diastolic function in patients with diastolic heart failure and preserved systolic function. Results of the Swedish Doppler-echocardiographic study (SWEDIC)
- 2004
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In: Eur J Heart Fail. - : Wiley. - 1388-9842 .- 1879-0844. ; 6:4, s. 453-61
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIM: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of carvedilol on diastolic function (DF) in heart failure patients with preserved left ventricular (LV) systolic function and abnormal DF. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We randomised 113 patients with diastolic heart failure (DHF) (symptomatic, with normal systolic LV function and abnormal DF) into a double blind multi-centre study. The patients received either carvedilol or matching placebo in addition to conventional treatment. After uptitration, treatment was continued for 6 months. Two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography were used for quantification of LV function at baseline and at follow-up. Four different DF variables were evaluated by Doppler echocardiography: mitral flow E:A ratio, deceleration time (DT), isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) and the ratio of systolic/diastolic pulmonary venous flow velocity (pv-S/D). Primary endpoint was change in the integrated quantitative assessment of all four variables during the study. RESULTS: Ninety-seven patients completed the study. A mitral flow pattern reflecting a relaxation abnormality was recorded in 95 patients. There was no effect on the primary endpoint, although a trend towards a better effect in carvedilol treated patients was noticed in patients with heart rates above 71 beats per minute. At the end of the study, there was a statistically significant improvement in E:A ratio in patients treated with carvedilol (0.72 to 0.83) vs. placebo (0.71 to 0.76), P<0.05. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with carvedilol resulted in a significant improvement in E:A ratio in patients with heart failure due to a LV relaxation abnormality. E:A ratio was found to be the most useful variable to identify diastolic dysfunction in this patient population. This effect was observed particularly in patients with higher heart rates at baseline.
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- Bergström, Jonas, et al.
(author)
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Purification and quantification of opioid peptides in bone and joint tissues : a methodological study in the rat
- 2003
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In: Journal of Orthopaedic Research. - 0736-0266 .- 1554-527X. ; 21:3, s. 465-469
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The occurrence of methionine-enkephalin-Arg(6)-Phe(7) (MEAP) and dynorphin B (DYNB) representing two main precursors of opioids was analyzed in specimens from rat cortical bone, periosteum, bone marrow and joint tissue by radioimmunoassay (RIA). MEAP and DYNB were extracted in a solution of 4% EDTA in 2 M acetic acid previously proven suitable for extraction of sensory and autonomic neuropeptides in bone and joints. In crude extracts of cortical bone, the immunoreactive (ir) levels of both opioids were under the detection limit of RIA. As for DYNB this also applied to crude extracts of joints and periosteum. Therefore, two purification methods were tested and compared, i.e. reverse phase C 18 and ion exchange chromatography. RIA of the elution fraction disclosed a significant difference between the two methods in terms of recovery, i.e. <5% and 50%, respectively. Thus, purification by ion exchange chromatography prior to RIA appeared to be the most suitable by providing measurable levels of both MEAP and DYNB in all tissues analyzed (highest in bone marrow, lowest in cortical bone). The described method offers a means of quantifying opioid peptides in bone and joints, which may be utilized in the analysis of regulatory mechanisms of nociception, growth and immune responses in different conditions.
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- Carlsson, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Identification of a susceptibility locus for migraine with and without aura on 6p12.2-p21.1
- 2002
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In: Neurology. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0028-3878 .- 1526-632X. ; 59:11, s. 1804-1807
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Migraine is the most common type of chronic episodic headache. To find novel susceptibility genes for familial migraine with and without aura, a genomewide screen was performed in a large family from northern Sweden. Evidence of linkage was obtained on chromosome 6p12.2-p21.1, with a maximum two-point lod score of 5.41 for marker D6S452. The patients with migraine shared a common haplotype of 10 Mb between markers D6S1650 and D6S1960.
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- Eskilsson, K, et al.
(author)
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DNA-surfactant complexes at solid surfaces
- 2001
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In: Langmuir. - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 17, s. 1666-1669
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this work, we report on the adsorption of complexes between DNA of different molecular weight and a cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), on hydrophobized and hydrophilic negatively charged silica surfaces as measured by ellipsometry. We will demonstrate how the adsorption is affected by the state of the DNA-surfactant complexes formed in bulk solution. High molecular weight DNA molecules, which condense (transform from coil to globule state) on addition of small amounts of cationic surfactants, do not adsorb on hydrophilic silica prior to phase separation. However, DNA-surfactant complexes formed from low molecular weight DNA were found to adsorb. For these complexes surfactants interact with DNA, without condensation of the DNA. Adsorbed DNA-surfactant complexes can easily be removed from the hydrophilic silica surface when replacing the bulk DNA-surfactant solution with pure salt solution. At the hydrophobic surface the DNA adsorbs without addition of cationic surfactant. However, with addition of a very low amount of surfactant, a rapid increase in adsorbed amount and a simultaneous decrease in adsorbed layer thickness are observed. This compaction of the adsorbed layer is to some extent reversible when replacing the bulk DNA-surfactant solution with pure salt solution.
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- Kapilashrami, A, et al.
(author)
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Ellipsometric studies of nonionic block copolymers adsorbed at the solid/water and oil/water interfaces
- 2003
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In: Colloids ad Surfaces a-Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects. ; 225:1-3, s. 181-192
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We report on the interfacial behaviour of a series of nonionic diblock copolymers at solid hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces/water and silicone oil/water interfaces, studied by ellipsometry. The polymers consist of a hydrophobic C-18 chain linked to a hydrophilic poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), block varying from 50 to 250 U. The adsorption of these copolymers at low bulk concentrations was found to be dominated by the PEO block at all interfaces. At higher concentration the copolymer forms surface aggregates at the silica surface whereas we observe a gradual increase in the adsorbed layer thickness with increased surface excess at the solid hydrophobic surface, indicating a transition from a flat conformation to brush-like layer structure. The results indicate a similar evolution in adsorbed amount with concentration at the silicone oil/water interface as at the hydrophobic silica surface. The influence of the rheological proper ies of the interface on the adsorption of the diblock copolymer was investigated by comparing results from two silicon oils with different viscosities. The copolymers were found to have stronger affinity to a low viscosity (990 mPa s) silicone oil than to a higher viscosity (12 800 mPa s) silicone oil and the hydrophobised silica surface. At the silicone oil/water interface the adsorption of a commercial nonionic triblock copolymer was furthermore investigated and compared with the diblock copolymers. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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