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- Hillier, Ladeana W, et al.
(author)
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Sequence and comparative analysis of the chicken genome provide unique perspectives on vertebrate evolution
- 2004
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In: Nature. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 432:7018, s. 695-716
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present here a draft genome sequence of the red jungle fowl, Gallus gallus. Because the chicken is a modern descendant of the dinosaurs and the first non-mammalian amniote to have its genome sequenced, the draft sequence of its genome--composed of approximately one billion base pairs of sequence and an estimated 20,000-23,000 genes--provides a new perspective on vertebrate genome evolution, while also improving the annotation of mammalian genomes. For example, the evolutionary distance between chicken and human provides high specificity in detecting functional elements, both non-coding and coding. Notably, many conserved non-coding sequences are far from genes and cannot be assigned to defined functional classes. In coding regions the evolutionary dynamics of protein domains and orthologous groups illustrate processes that distinguish the lineages leading to birds and mammals. The distinctive properties of avian microchromosomes, together with the inferred patterns of conserved synteny, provide additional insights into vertebrate chromosome architecture.
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| 3. |
- Gunnarsson, B-M, et al.
(author)
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The immigrant and the workplace
- 2004
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In: SS 15 (Sociolinguistics Symposium 15), Workshop, April, 1-4, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
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| 7. |
- Gaur, LK, et al.
(author)
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Induction of donor-specific tolerance to islet allografts in nonhuman primates.
- 2002
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In: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. - 0077-8923. ; 958, s. 194-198
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Pancreatic tissue grafting is by far the most physiological therapeutic solution to the insulin deficiency of diabetes. Recent clinical trials have indicated somewhat successful use of nonsteroidal immunosuppressive regimens and a successful nonhuman primate trial using CD154 for costimulation blockade was reported. However, these protocols need to be replaced with safe and efficacious ones in which long-term allotolerance would make these treatments routine in a clinical setting. With the specific objective of testing whether peripheral infusions of stem cells or stem cell fractions in conjunction with islet allografting would induce allograft tolerance, we have established a macaque diabetic model. The macaques were rendered diabetic by streptozotocin and required daily doses of insulin to maintain lower blood glucose levels. The diabetic macaques then received islets and stem cells from unrelated and MHC-mismatched donors without any immunosuppression. In our initial analysis, 5 of
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| 8. |
- Godfrey, Marjorie M., et al.
(author)
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Microsystems in health care : Part 3. Planning patient-centered services.
- 2003
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In: Joint Commission journal on quality and safety. - 1549-3741. ; 29:4, s. 159-170
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Strategic focus on the clinical microsystems--the small, functional, frontline units that provide most health care to most people--is essential to designing the most efficient, population-based services. The starting place for designing or redesigning of clinical microsystems is to evaluate the four P's: the patient subpopulations that are served by the microsystem, the people who work together in the microsystem, the processes the microsystem uses to provide services, and the patterns that characterize the microsystem's functioning.GETTING STARTED: DIAGNOSING AND TREATING A CLINICAL MICROSYSTEM: Methods and tools have been developed for microsystem leaders and staff to use to evaluate the four P's--to assess their microsystem and design tests of change for improvement and innovation.PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER: Based on its assessment--or diagnosis--a microsystem can help itself improve the things that need to be done better. Planning services is designed to decrease unnecessary variation, facilitate informed decision making, promote efficiency by continuously removing waste and rework, create processes and systems that support staff, and design smooth, effective, and safe patient care services that lead to measurably improved patient outcomes.CONCLUSION: The design of services leads to critical analysis of the resources needed for the right person to deliver the right care, in the right way, at the right time.
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| 9. |
- Huber, Thomas P., et al.
(author)
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Microsystems in health care : Part 8. Developing people and improving work life
- 2003
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In: Joint Commission journal on quality and safety. - 1549-3741. ; 29:10, s. 512-22
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The articles in the Microsystems in Health Care series have focused on the success characteristics of high-performing clinical microsystems. Realization is growing about the importance of attracting, selecting, developing, and engaging staff. By optimizing the work of all staff members and by promoting a culture where everyone matters, the microsystem can attain levels of performance not previously experienced.CASE STUDY: At Massachusetts General Hospital Downtown Associates (Boston), a primary care practice, the human resource processes are specified and predictable, from a candidate's initial contact through each staff member's orientation, performance management, and professional development. Early on, the new employee receives materials about the practice, including a practice overview, his or her typical responsibilities, the performance evaluation program, and continuous quality improvement. Ongoing training and education are supported with skill labs, special education nights, and cross-training. The performance evaluation program, used to evaluate the performance of all employees, is completed during the 90-day orientation and training, quarterly for one year, and annually.CONCLUSION: Some health care settings enjoy high morale, high quality, and high productivity, but all too often this is not the case. The case study offers an example of a microsystem that has motivated its staff and created a positive and dynamic workplace.
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