| 1. |
- Lindahl, Göran, et al.
(author)
-
Bergslagen : Arbetsplatser och bostäder under hundra år
- 1983
-
Reports (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Denna skrift utgör resultatet av Arkitekturskolans studier läsåret 1978-79. Att redigera manuskripten visade sig arbetskrävande och har också dragit ut på tiden. Att vissa av de uppgifter som lämnas inte är helt aktuella spelar ändå inte så stor roll - tyngdpunkten i framställningen ligger på det historiska materialet och de långa tidsperspektiven.Arbetet inleds med en demografisk översikt över ett brett bälte tvärs över Mellansverige från Värmland till Upplandskusten. Där antyds utvecklingens huvudriktning både i Bergslagens gamla kärnområden och i yttre zoner av delvis annan karaktär. Därefter följer åtta från varandra fristående kapitel som dock alla har ett gemensamt mål, att granska och analysera bebyggelseu.tvecklingen inom ett tydligt avgränsat område. Konkretion och åskådlighet har eftersträvats - därför har också stor möda nedlagts på bildmaterialet i form av kartor, ritningar och foton. Valet av undersökningsobjekt har gjorts av författarna själva, som också utformat sina avsnitt självständigt.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Andersson, Kjell, et al.
(author)
-
The effects on accidents of compulsory use of running lights during daylight in Sweden
- 1981
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The report is an attempt to describe the effects on accidents of compulsory use of running lights - low beam or special lamps - during daylight in Sweden.The study is carried out on police reported traffic accidents with personal injury in Sweden. The before and after periods are two years before and two years after the operative day of the law, October 1st 1977.The use of running lights in the before-period was roughly speaking 50 % and in the after-period over 95 %.The basic assumption is that the use of running lights in daylight influences multiple accidents in daylight and only those. The method used is to study the relation of daylight to darkness numbers of multiple accidents. The corresponding relation for single vehicle accidents is taken as control.The estimated total effect depends both on the subdivision of accident data and the method used for accidents with unprotected road users. The estimates vary from 6 to 13 % reduction - from the before-period to the after period - of multiple accidents during daylight or 450 to 1100 less police reported accidents with personal injury per year. The estimated effects are not significant on a 5 % level.
|
|
| 8. |
- Bengtsson, Göran, et al.
(author)
-
Öbiogeografisk teori och bildning av naturreservat
- 1982
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Naturreservat kan betraktas som ekologiska öar i en alltmer påverkad omgivning och därmed bedömas utifrån öbiogeografisk teori. Innebörden av denna teori, som beskriver sambandet mellan ö-storlek och artantal med utgångspunkt från invandrings- resp. utdöendehastigheter presenteras, liksom den debatt som uppstått kring teorin. Analyser demonstrerar ö-teorins giltighet för o lika organismgrupper (fiskar, skalbaggar, kärlväxter) i Sverige. De teoretiska konsekvenserna av förändringar av reservat ytor för antalet fågelarter diskuteras, samt den konflikt som råder mellan intressen företrädande dagens produktionslandskap och ur ö-teoretisk synvinkel önskvärd bildning av reservat. Det aktuella antalet svenska reservat och deras yta, storleksfördelning, former och lokalisering är i ringa samstämmighet med ö-teorin. För att i framtiden ha kvar ett så varierat växt- och djurliv som möjligt måste den totala reservatsytan öka. Man bör avsätta fler större reservat än små, och minska avstånden till andra reservat genom att skapa nya småreservat eller biotopkorridorer. Reservat bör ha så liten omkrets i förhållande till yta som möjligt och vidare, ej nödvändigtvis vara anpassade till aktuella ägogränser.
|
|
| 9. |
- Bengtsson, Per, et al.
(author)
-
Cholecystokinin and Gastrin Inhibit Histamine Stimulated Aminopyrine Uptake in Isolated Rabbit Gastric Glands
- 1989
-
In: Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences. - : Uppsala Medical Society. - 0300-9734 .- 2000-1967. ; 94:2, s. 111-122
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the present study we have analyzed if cholecystokinin (CCK) or gastrin (G) can inhibit acid production in isolated rabbit gastric glands as revealed by the aminopyrine technique.The results show that G 17 I, CCK 8 NS, CCK 8 S, ceruletide and CCK 39 significantly inhibit histamine induced aminopyrine accumulation. No significant inhibition was noted for G 4, G 34 and NT G 1–13. As a group the CCK peptides were more effective than the gastrin peptides in inhibiting the aminopyrine uptake. CCK 8 S and ceruletide, the most potent inhibitors, reduced histamine induced aminopyrine accumulation with an ED50 of 10−9 and 10−10 M respectively. These potencies are similar to those by which CCK peptides stimulate isolated pancreatic acini to secrete amylase. Inhibition evoked by CCK 8 S was most effective following 20–40 min of incubation time, possibly indicating that the effect is mediated by the release of an intermediate substance.The results may therefore indicate a role for cholecystokinin as a physiological inhibitor of acid secretion in the rabbit. The results may also contribute to explain why the potent gastric secretagogue gastrin per se fails to stimulate acid formation in gastric glands isolated from the rabbit.
|
|
| 10. |
- Bengtsson, Per, et al.
(author)
-
Inhibition of acid formation and stimulation of somatostatin release by cholecystokinin-related peptides in rabbit gastric glands
- 1989
-
In: Journal of Physiology. - 0022-3751 .- 1469-7793. ; 419, s. 765-774
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- 1. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of somatostatin in the inhibition of acid production induced by caerulein and cholecystokinin (CCK) in isolated rabbit gastric glands. Acid production was estimated by the aminopyrine technique.2. Exogenous somatostatin 14 and somatostatin 28 (10(-7) M) reduced to a similar extent the aminopyrine uptake produced by 5 x 10(-5) M-histamine during the course of 40 min incubation.3. Significant inhibition of histamine-stimulated aminopyrine accumulation occurred at a somatostatin 14 concentration of 10(-9) M.4. Caerulein and CCK octapeptide (10(-13)-10(-7) M) were found to release somatostatin from isolated gastric glands in a dose-dependent manner. The dose-response relationships for somatostatin release and inhibition of aminopyrine uptake were similar. Thus, the half-maximal dose approximations for somatostatin release and inhibition of aminopyrine uptake were 0.5 and 1.4 x 10(-9) M respectively for CCK octapeptide and 0.9 and 2.5 x 10(-11) M for caerulein. Heptadecapeptide gastrin proved to be a very poor releaser of somatostatin in the system used. The CCK octapeptide-induced somatostatin release was time dependent and the concentrations of somatostatin that accumulated in the incubation medium were similar to those of exogenous somatostatin that were needed to evoke inhibition.5. The present results support the concept that cholecystokinin inhibits gastric acid secretion by releasing somatostatin from endocrine-like cells in the gastric mucosa. It is suggested that cholecystokinin-related peptides may play a physiological role in inhibiting gastric acid secretion. A similar role for gastrin is not supported by the present study.
|
|
