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- Daniau, A. -L, et al.
(author)
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predictability of biomass burning in response to climate changes
- 2012
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In: Global Biogeochemical Cycles. - 0886-6236 .- 1944-9224. ; 26, s. GB4007-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Climate is an important control on biomass burning, but the sensitivity of fire to changes in temperature and moisture balance has not been quantified. We analyze sedimentary charcoal records to show that the changes in fire regime over the past 21,000 yrs are predictable from changes in regional climates. Analyses of paleo-fire data show that fire increases monotonically with changes in temperature and peaks at intermediate moisture levels, and that temperature is quantitatively the most important driver of changes in biomass burning over the past 21,000 yrs. Given that a similar relationship between climate drivers and fire emerges from analyses of the interannual variability in biomass burning shown by remote-sensing observations of month-by-month burnt area between 1996 and 2008, our results signal a serious cause for concern in the face of continuing global warming.
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- Steen, Mårten, et al.
(author)
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Functional characterization of Factor V-Ile359Thr, a novel mutation associated with thrombosis.
- 2004
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In: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 1528-0020 .- 0006-4971. ; 103:9, s. 3381-3387
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A missense mutation, FV-IIe359Thr (FV Liverpool), associated with thrombosis has recently been described. This mutation creates an additional potential N-linked glycosylation site (Asn-X-Ser/Thr) in factor V (FV) at Asn357 that could interfere with secretion and/or protein interactions. To investigate the molecular pathology of FV-IIe359Thr, the mutation was created by site-directed mutagenesis and expressed together with other mutations that could help explain the phenotype (FV-Arg306GIn/IIe359Thr/Arg679GIn, FV-IIe359Thr/Arg506GIn/Arg679GIn, and FV-Asn357GIn/IIe359Thr). The FV-IIe359Thr was secreted normally and had full procoagulant activity. Western blot analysis showed that FV-IIe359Thr migrated more slowly, while the FV-Asn357GIn/IIe359Thr was indistinguishable from FV-wild type (FV-WT), indicating that FV-IIe359Thr was expressed with an additional carbohydrate chain. Activated protein C (APC)-mediated inactivation in an FVa degradation assay showed that the IIe359Thr mutation significantly reduced the cleavage at Arg306 both in the presence and absence of protein S, whereas the cleavage at Arg506 was unaffected. When tested in an FVIIIa degradation assay, the FV-IIe359Thr variant exhibited equally low APC cofactor activity as FV Leiden (FVArg506GIn). In conclusion, the IIe359Thr mutation appears to affect anticoagulation by 2 mechanisms, impeding the APCmediated down-regulation of the FVa molecule and additionally being a poor APC cofactor for the down-regulation of FVIIIa. These findings explain the association of the FV-IIe359Thr mutation with thrombosis. (C) 2004 by The American Society of Hematology.
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