| 1. |
- Schael, S., et al.
(författare)
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Electroweak measurements in electron positron collisions at W-boson-pair energies at LEP
- 2013
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Ingår i: Physics Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-1573 .- 1873-6270. ; 532:4, s. 119-244
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electroweak measurements performed with data taken at the electron positron collider LEP at CERN from 1995 to 2000 are reported. The combined data set considered in this report corresponds to a total luminosity of about 3 fb(-1) collected by the four LEP experiments ALEPH, DELPHI, 13 and OPAL, at centre-of-mass energies ranging from 130 GeV to 209 GeV. Combining the published results of the four LEP experiments, the measurements include total and differential cross-sections in photon-pair, fermion-pair and four-fermion production, the latter resulting from both double-resonant WW and ZZ production as well as singly resonant production. Total and differential cross-sections are measured precisely, providing a stringent test of the Standard Model at centre-of-mass energies never explored before in electron positron collisions. Final-state interaction effects in four-fermion production, such as those arising from colour reconnection and Bose Einstein correlations between the two W decay systems arising in WW production, are searched for and upper limits on the strength of possible effects are obtained. The data are used to determine fundamental properties of the W boson and the electroweak theory. Among others, the mass and width of the W boson, m(w) and Gamma(w), the branching fraction of W decays to hadrons, B(W -> had), and the trilinear gauge-boson self-couplings g(1)(Z), K-gamma and lambda(gamma), are determined to be: m(w) = 80.376 +/- 0.033 GeV Gamma(w) = 2.195 +/- 0.083 GeV B(W -> had) = 67.41 +/- 0.27% g(1)(Z) = 0.984(-0.020)(+0.018) K-gamma - 0.982 +/- 0.042 lambda(gamma) = 0.022 +/- 0.019. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Adare, A., et al.
(författare)
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Nuclear matter effects on J/psi production in asymmetric Cu plus Au collisions at root S-NN=200 GeV
- 2014
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Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 90:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on J/psi production from asymmetric Cu + Au heavy-ion collisions at root S-NN = 200 GeV at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at both forward (Cu-going direction) and backward (Au-going direction) rapidities. The nuclear modification of J/psi yields in Cu + Au collisions in the Au-going direction is found to be comparable to that inAu + Au collisions when plotted as a function of the number of participating nucleons. In the Cu-going direction, J/psi production shows a stronger suppression. This difference is comparable in magnitude and has the same sign as the difference expected from shadowing effects due to stronger low-x gluon suppression in the larger Au nucleus.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Klionsky, Daniel J., et al.
(författare)
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Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
- 2012
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Ingår i: Autophagy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1554-8635 .- 1554-8627. ; 8:4, s. 445-544
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Cerhan, James R., et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide association study identifies multiple susceptibility loci for diffuse large B cell lymphoma
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 46:11, s. 1233-1238
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common lymphoma subtype and is clinically aggressive. To identify genetic susceptibility loci for DLBCL, we conducted a meta-analysis of 3 new genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and 1 previous scan, totaling 3,857 cases and 7,666 controls of European ancestry, with additional genotyping of 9 promising SNPs in 1,359 cases and 4,557 controls. In our multi-stage analysis, five independent SNPs in four loci achieved genome-wide significance marked by rs116446171 at 6p25.3 (EXOC2; P = 2.33 x 10(-21)), rs2523607 at 6p21.33 (HLA-B; P = 2.40 x 10(-10)), rs79480871 at 2p23.3 (NCOA1; P = 4.23 x 10(-8)) and two independent SNPs, rs13255292 and rs4733601, at 8q24.21 (PVT1; P = 9.98 x 10(-13) and 3.63 x 10(-11), respectively). These data provide substantial new evidence for genetic susceptibility to this B cell malignancy and point to pathways involved in immune recognition and immune function in the pathogenesis of DLBCL.
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| 7. |
- Holland, D. M. P., et al.
(författare)
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An experimental and theoretical study of the valence shell photoelectron spectrum of bromochlorofluoromethane
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics B. - : IOP Publishing. - 0953-4075 .- 1361-6455. ; 43:13, s. 135101-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The complete valence shell photoelectron spectrum of bromochlorofluoromethane (CHFClBr), covering the binding energy range similar to 10-50 eV, has been recorded using synchrotron radiation and the observed structure has been interpreted using ionization energies and relative spectral intensities computed using the third-order algebraic-diagrammatic-construction (ADC(3)) scheme for the one-particle Green's function and the outer valence Green's function (OVGF) method. The theoretical results demonstrate that the inner valence region of the photoelectron spectrum is dominated by satellite structure. Angle-resolved photoelectron spectra, recorded at selected excitation energies, have enabled the orbital assignments for the outer valence bands to be confirmed. The four outermost photoelectron bands, ascribed to the two pairs of orbitals associated with the nominally chlorine and bromine lone-pairs, exhibit characteristic angular distributions. The photon energy dependent variations in the relative photoelectron band intensities provide additional support for the orbital assignments.
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| 8. |
- Ledoux, X., et al.
(författare)
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The Neutrons for Science Facility at SPIRAL-2
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nuclear Data Sheets. - : Elsevier BV. - 0090-3752 .- 1095-9904. ; 119, s. 353-356
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Neutrons For Science (NFS) facility is a component of SPIRAL-2 laboratory under construction at Caen (France). SPIRAL-2 is dedicated to the production of high intensity Radioactive Ions Beams (RIB). It is based on a high-power linear accelerator (LINAG) to accelerate deuterons beams in order to produce neutrons by breakup reactions on a C converter. These neutrons will induce fission in U-238 for production of radioactive isotopes. Additionally to the RIB production, the proton and deuteron beams delivered by the accelerator will be used in the NFS facility. NFS is composed of a pulsed neutron beam and irradiation stations for cross-section measurements and material studies. The beams delivered by the LINAG will allow producing intense neutron beams in the 100 keV-40 MeV energy range with either a continuous or quasi-mono-energetic spectrum. At NFS available average fluxes will be up to 2 orders of magnitude higher than those of other existing time-of-flight facilities in the 1 MeV - 40 MeV range. NFS will be a very powerful tool for fundamental physics and application related research in support of the transmutation of nuclear waste, design of future fission and fusion reactors, nuclear medicine or test and development of new detectors. The facility and its characteristics are described, and several examples of the first potential experiments are presented.
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| 9. |
- Mårild, Staffan, et al.
(författare)
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Parental perceptions of and concerns about child´s body weight in eight European countries - the IDEFICS study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Obesity Reviews. - Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 1467-7881 .- 1467-789X. ; 15:S2, s. 105-105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Few studies have studied parental perceptions in different settings of their children's weight in relation to objective measurements.Aim: To evaluate parental perceptions of their child's weight category in relation to anthropometric measurements.Key Methods: This was cross-sectional study of 16 220 children, 2–9 year of age, from eight European countries. Parents completed a questionnaire on their perception of the children's weight and concern for future weight deviations. Objective children's weight categories from the International Obesity Task Force were used.Results: Parental weight perception corresponded overall to children's mean body mass index (BMI) z-scores, but there were exceptions, e.g. 63% of parents to children with overweight marked ‘proper weight’. One-third of the total indicated concern for future underweight, most often in parents of children in the overweight category. The strongest predictor for accurate parental weight perception for children with overweight and obesity was BMI z-score (odds ratio [OR] 7.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.1–8.7). Compared to Southern Europe, ORs for accurate parental weight perception were 4.4 (95% CI 3.3–6.0) in Northern Europe and 3.4 (95% CI 2.7–4.2) in Central Europe.Conclusion: Parents of children categorized as being overweight or obese systematically underestimated weight category. Parents differed regionally in accurate perception of weight.
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| 10. |
- Regber, Susann, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Parental perceptions of and concerns about child's body weight in eight European countries – the IDEFICS study
- 2013
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Ingår i: Pediatric Obesity. - Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell. - 2047-6302 .- 2047-6310. ; 8:2, s. 118-129
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To evaluate parental perceptions of and concern about child's body weight and general health in children in a European cohort.DESIGN: Cross-sectional multi-centre study in eight European countries.PARTICIPANTS: 16,220 children, ages 2-9 years.METHODS: Parents completed a questionnaire regarding children's health and weight and concern about overweight and underweight. Objective children's weight categories from the International Obesity Task Force were used. Logistic regression models were utilized to identify predictors of accurate weight perception.RESULTS: Parental weight perception corresponded overall to children's mean body mass index (BMI) z-scores, with important exceptions. About one-third of the total indicated concern about underweight, paradoxically most often parents of children in the overweight or obesity categories. In 63%, parents of children in the overweight category marked 'proper weight'. The strongest predictor for accurate parental weight perception for children with overweight and obesity was BMI z-score (odds ratio [OR] = 7.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.1-8.7). Compared to Southern Europe, ORs for accurate parental weight perception were 4.4 (95% CI 3.3-6.0) in Northern Europe and 3.4 (95% CI 2.7-4.2) in Central Europe.CONCLUSION: Parents of children categorized as being overweight or obese systematically underestimated weight. Parents differed regionally regarding accurate weight perception and concern about overweight and underweight.
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