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- Aldrin, Emilia, 1982-, et al.
(author)
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Nordisk namnforskning 2016 : Sverige
- 2017
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In: Namn och bygd. - Uppsala : Kungl. Gustav Adolfs akademien för svensk folkkultur. - 0077-2704. ; 105, s. 148-156
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Research review (other academic/artistic)
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| 2. |
- Almered Olsson, Gunilla, 1951, et al.
(author)
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Food systems sustainability - For whom and by whom? : An examination of different 'food system change' viewpoints
- 2018
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In: Development Research Conference 2018: “Rethinking development”, 22–23 August 2018, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The United Nations identifies the food crisis as one of the primary overarching challenges facing the international community. Different stakeholders in the food system have widely different perspectives and interests, and challenging structural issues, such as the power differentials among them, remain largely unexamined. These challenges make rational discourse among food system actors from different disciplines, sectors and levels difficult. These challenges can often prevent them from working together effectively to find innovative ways to respond to food security challenges. This means that finding solutions to intractable and stuck issues, such as the food crisis often stall, not at implementation, but at the point of problem identification. Food system sustainability means very different things to different food system actors. These differences in no way undermine or discount the work carried out by these players. However, making these differences explicit is an essential activity that would serve to deepen theoretical and normative project outcomes. Would the impact and reach of different food projects differ if these differences were made explicit? The purpose of this initial part of a wider food system research project is not to search for difference or divergence, with the aim of critique, but rather to argue that by making these differences explicit, the overall food system project engagement will be made more robust, more inclusive and more encompassing. This paper starts with some discussion on the different food system perspectives, across scales, regions and sectors but focuses primarily on the design of processes used to understand these divergent and at times contradictory views of what a sustainable food system may be. This paper draws on ongoing work within the Mistra Urban Futures project, using the food system projects in cities as diverse as Cape Town, Manchester, Gothenburg and Kisumu as sites for this enquiry.
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| 6. |
- Avdeitchikova, Sofia, et al.
(author)
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Access to Informal Venture Capital and Ambitious Entrepreneurship - Cross Country Evidence
- 2016
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In: International Review of Entrepreneurship. - 2009-2822. ; 14:4, s. 469-482
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Many empirical studies have emphasized the importance of institutional venture capital for enabling high growth entrepreneurship and innovation. Yet, there are reasons to believe that provision of informal venture capital will have as significant, if not more significant effect on entrepreneurship. Based on Global Entrepreneurship Monitor data for 33 countries for the years 2001-2010, we study the relationship between the presence of informal investors in a country and the levels of general and ambitious entrepreneurship, defined as entrepreneurs that have intentions to grow their business, internationalize and/or innovate. Some of the main findings are that the overall level of access to informal venture capital is positively related to general entrepreneurship and ambitious entrepreneurship in terms of innovativeness, while access to arms-length money (i.e. informal investments made by work colleagues or strangers) appears to be positively related to ambitious entrepreneurship in terms of job growth expectations. The relationship between availability of arms-length money and the innovativeness of the entrepreneurial activities appears however to be negative.
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| 7. |
- Bagdonaite, I., et al.
(author)
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A Strategy for O-Glycoproteomics of Enveloped Viruses-the O-Glycoproteome of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1
- 2015
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In: Plos Pathogens. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7366 .- 1553-7374. ; 11:4
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Glycosylation of viral envelope proteins is important for infectivity and interaction with host immunity, however, our current knowledge of the functions of glycosylation is largely limited to N-glycosylation because it is difficult to predict and identify site-specific O-glycosylation. Here, we present a novel proteome-wide discovery strategy for O-glycosylation sites on viral envelope proteins using herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) as a model. We identified 74 O-linked glycosylation sites on 8 out of the 12 HSV-1 envelope proteins. Two of the identified glycosites found in glycoprotein B were previously implicated in virus attachment to immune cells. We show that HSV-1 infection distorts the secretory pathway and that infected cells accumulate glycoproteins with truncated O-glycans, nonetheless retaining the ability to elongate most of the surface glycans. With the use of precise gene editing, we further demonstrate that elongated O-glycans are essential for HSV-1 in human HaCaT keratinocytes, where HSV-1 produced markedly lower viral titers in HaCaT with abrogated O-glycans compared to the isogenic counterpart with normal O-glycans. The roles of O-linked glycosylation for viral entry, formation, secretion, and immune recognition are poorly understood, and the O-glycoproteomics strategy presented here now opens for unbiased discovery on all enveloped viruses.
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| 9. |
- Blomkvist, Annika, et al.
(author)
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The effect of spinal bracing on sitting function in children with neuromuscular scoliosis
- 2018
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In: Prosthetics and Orthotics International. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0309-3646 .- 1746-1553. ; 42, s. 592-598
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Scoliosis is common in children with neuromuscular deficits. It is often associated with an asymmetric sitting position and with poor balance. Many children with neuromuscular scoliosis spend most of their day sitting. Objectives: To describe how sitting function is affected by treatment with a modified custom-moulded Boston brace in children with neuromuscular scoliosis. Study design: Retrospective review of medical records. Methods: A review of medical records from children fitted with scoliosis braces, including analysis of sitting, using a pressure-mapping system. Results: A total of 106 children with a median age of 11.3 (1.7–17.7) years were included. The most frequent diagnoses were cerebral palsy (n = 33) and myelomeningocele (n = 17). Around 56 children could sit without support and 24 children were independent walkers. The Cobb angle was between 19° and 126°. Sitting function as noted in medical records improved in 73/105 children and deteriorated in five. The pressure mapping showed that symmetry was improved in 44/86 children, while three deteriorated. Stability improved in 20/40 children and seven decreased. Conclusion: Bracing had a positive effect on sitting function in children with neuromuscular scoliosis. Clinical relevance: Bracing can reduce the need for support in sitting. Children with severe scoliosis can get a better sitting function with a brace. Sitting analysis with pressure mapping can identify sitting problems needing correction of the brace and adaptations of the chair.
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| 10. |
- Crisci, Elisa, et al.
(author)
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Complement opsonization promotes HSV-2 infection of human dendritic cells
- 2016
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In: Journal of Virology. - : American society of microbiology. - 0022-538X .- 1098-5514. ; 90:10, s. 4939-4950
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Herpes virus type 2 (HSV2) is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections globally with a very high prevalence in many countries. During HSV2 infection viral particles become coated with complement proteins and antibodies, both existent in the genital fluids, which could influence the activation of the immune responses. In genital mucosa, the primary target cells for HSV2 infection are epithelial cells, but resident immune cells such as dendritic cells (DCs) are also infected. The DCs are the activators of the ensuing immune responses directed against HSV2, and the aim of this study was to examine the effects opsonization of HSV2, either with complement alone or with complement and antibodies, had on the infection of immature DCs and their ability to mount inflammatory and antiviral responses. Complement opsonization of HSV2 enhanced both the direct infection of immature DCs and their production of new infectious viral particles. The enhanced infection required activation of the complement cascade and functional complement receptor 3. Furthermore, HSV2 infection of DCs required endocytosis of viral particles and their delivery into an acid endosomal compartment. The presence of complement in combination with HSV1 or HSV2 specific antibodies more or less abolished the HSV2 infection of DCs.Our results clearly demonstrate the importance of studying HSV2 infection under conditions that ensue in vivo, i.e. when the virions are covered in complement fragments and complement fragments and antibodies, as this will shape the infection and the subsequent immune response and needs to be further elucidated.IMPORTANCE: During HSV2 infection viral particles should become coated with complement proteins and antibodies, both existent in the genital fluids, which could influence the activation of the immune responses. The dendritic cells are the activators of the immune responses directed against HSV2, and the aim of this study was to examine the effects of complement alone or complement and antibodies, on the HSV2 infection of dendritic cells and their ability to mount inflammatory and antiviral responses.Our results demonstrate that the presence of antibodies and complement in the genital environment can influence HSV2 infection under in vitro conditions that reflect the in vivo situation. We believe that our findings are highly relevant for the understanding of HSV2 pathogenesis.
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