| 1. |
- Alqaysi, Hiba, et al.
(author)
-
Design Exploration of Multi-Camera Dome
- 2019
-
In: ICDSC 2019 Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Distributed Smart Cameras. - New York, NY : ACM Digital Library. - 9781450371896
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Visual monitoring systems employ distributed smart cameras toeffectively cover a given area satisfying specific objectives. Thechoice of camera sensors and lenses and their deployment affectsdesign cost, accuracy of the monitoring system and the ability toposition objects within the monitored area. Design cost can bereduced by investigating deployment topology such as groupingcameras together to form a dome at a node and optimize it formonitoring constraints. The constraints may include coverage area,number of cameras that can be integrated in a node and pixelresolution at a given distance. This paper presents a method foroptimizing the design cost of multi-camera dome by analyzing tradeoffsbetween monitoring constraints. The proposed method can beused to reduce monitoring cost while fulfilling design objectives.Results show how to increase coverage area for a given cost byrelaxing requirements on design constraints. Multi-camera domescan be used in sky monitoring applications such as monitoring windparks and remote air-traffic control of airports where all-round fieldof view about a point is required to monitor.
|
|
| 2. |
- Alqaysi, Hiba, et al.
(author)
-
Evaluating Coverage Effectiveness of Multi-Camera Domes Placement for Volumetric Surveillance
- 2017
-
In: ICDSC 2017 Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Distributed Smart Cameras. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). - 9781450354875 ; , s. 49-54
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Multi-camera dome is composed of a number of cameras arranged to monitor a half sphere of the sky. Designing a network of multi-camera domes can be used to monitor flying activities in open large area, such as birds' activities in wind parks. In this paper, we present a method for evaluating the coverage effectiveness of the multi-camera domes placement in such areas. We used GPS trajectories of free flying birds over an area of 9 km2 to analyze coverage effectiveness of randomly placed domes. The analysis is based on three criteria namely, detection, positioning and the maximum resolution captured. The developed method can be used to evaluate results of designing and optimizing dome placement algorithms for volumetric monitoring systems in order to achieve maximum coverage.
|
|
| 3. |
- Alqaysi, Hiba, et al.
(author)
-
Full Coverage Optimization for Multi Camera Dome Placement in Volumetric Monitoring
- 2018
-
In: ACM International Conference Proceeding Series. - New York, NY, USA : ACM Digital Library. - 9781450365116
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Volumetric monitoring can be challenging due to having a 3D target space and moving objects within it. Multi camera dome is proposed to provide a hemispherical coverage of the 3D space around it. This paper introduces a method that optimizes multi camera placement for full coverage in volumetric monitoring system. Camera dome placement is modeled in a volume by adapting the hexagonal packing of circles to provide full coverage at a given height, and 100% detection of flying objects within it. The coverage effectiveness of different placement configurations was assessed using an evaluation environment. The proposed placement is applicable in designing and deploying surveillance systems for remote outdoor areas, such as sky monitoring in wind farms and airport runways in order to record and analyze flying activities.
|
|
| 4. |
- Anwar, Qaiser, et al.
(author)
-
Intelligence Partitioning as a Method for Architectural Exploration of Wireless Sensor Node
- 2016
-
In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Science and Computational Intelligence (CSCI), 2016.. - : IEEE Press. - 9781509055104 ; , s. 935-940
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Embedded systems with integrated sensing, processing and wireless communication are driving future connectivity concepts such as Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and Internet of Things (IoTs). Because of resource limitations, there still exists a number of challenges such as low latency and energy consumption to realize these concepts to full potential. To address and understand these challenges, we have developed and employed an intelligence partitioning method which generates different implementation alternatives by distributing processing load across multiple nodes. The task-to-node mapping has exponential complexity which is hard to compute for a large scale system. Regarding this, our method provides recommendation to handle and minimize such complexity for a large system. Experiments on a use-case concludes that the proposed method is able to identify unfavourable architecture solutions in which forward and backword communication paths exists in task-to-node mapping. These solution can be avoided for further architectural exploration, thus limiting the space for architecture exploration of a sensor node.
|
|
| 5. |
- Aurangzeb, Khursheed, et al.
(author)
-
Analysis of Binary Image Coding Methods for Outdoor Applications of Wireless Vision sensor Networks
- 2018
-
In: IEEE Access. - 2169-3536. ; 6, s. 16932-16941
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The processing of images at the vision sensor nodes (VSN) requires a high computation power and their transmission requires a large communication bandwidth. The energy budget is limited in outdoor applications of wireless vision sensor networks (WVSN). This means that both the processing of images at the VSN and the communication to server must be energy efficient. The wireless communication of uncompressed data consumes huge amounts of energy. Data compression methods are efficient in reducing data in images and can be used for the reduction in transmission energy. We have evaluated seven binary image coding techniques. Our evaluation is based on the processing complexity and energy consumption of the compression methods on the embedded platforms. The focus is to come up with a binary image coding method, which has good compression efficiency and short processing time. An image coding method with such attributes will result in reduced total energy requirement of the node. We have used both statistically generated images and real captured images, in our experiments. Based on our results, we conclude that International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee Group 4, gzip_pack and JPEG-LS are suitable coding methods for the outdoor applications of WVSNs.
|
|
| 6. |
- Aurangzeb, Khursheed, et al.
(author)
-
Data Reduction Using Change Coding for Remote Applications of wireless Visual Sensor Networks
- 2018
-
In: IEEE Access. - : IEEE. - 2169-3536. ; 6, s. 37738-37747
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The data reduction capability of image compression schemes is limited by the underlying compression technique. For applications with minor changes between consecutive frames, change coding can be used to further reduce the data. We explored the efficiency of change coding for data reduction in a wireless visual sensor network (WVSN). This paper presents an analysis of the compression efficiency of change coding for a variety of changes, such as different shapes, sizes, and locations of white objects in adjacent sets of frames. Compressing change frame provides a better performance compared with compressing the original frames for up to 95% changes in the number of objects in adjacent frames. Due to illumination noise, the size of the objects increases at its boundaries, which negatively affects the performance of change coding. We experimentally proved that the negative impact of illumination noise could be reduced by applying morphology on the change frame. Communication energy consumption of the VSN is dependent on the data that are transmitted to the server. Our results show that the communication energy consumption of the VSN can be reduced by 27%, 29%, and 46% by applying change coding in combination with JBIG2, Group4, and Gzip_pack, respectively. The findings presented in this paper will aid researchers in enhancing the compression potential of image coding schemes in the energy-constrained applications of WVSNs.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Fedorov, Igor, et al.
(author)
-
Placement Strategy of Multi-Camera Volumetric Surveillance System for Activities Monitoring
- 2017
-
In: ICDSC 2017 Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Distributed Smart Cameras. - New York, NY, USA : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). - 9781450354875 ; , s. 113-118
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The design of multi-camera surveillance system comes with many advantages, for example it facilitates as understanding how flying objects act in a given volume. One possible application is for the observation interaction of birds and calculate their trajectories around wind turbines to create promising systems for preventing bird collisions with turbine blades. However, there are also challenges, such as finding the optimal node placement and camera calibration. To address these challenges we investigated a trade-off between calibration accuracy and node requirements, including resolution, modulation transfer function, field of view and angle baseline. We developed a strategy for camera placement to achieve improved coverage for golden eagle monitoring and tracking. This strategy based on the modified resolution criterion taking into account the contrast function of the camera and the estimation of the base angle between the cameras.
|
|
| 9. |
- Fedorov, Igor, 1980-, et al.
(author)
-
Towards calibration of outdoor multi-camera visual monitoring system
- 2018
-
In: ACM International Conference Proceeding Series. - New York, NY, US : ACM Digital Library. - 9781450365116
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper proposes a method for calibrating of multi-camera systems where no natural reference points exist in the surrounding environment. Monitoring the air space at wind farms is our test case. The goal is to monitor the trajectories of flying birds to prevent them from colliding with rotor blades. Our camera calibration method is based on the observation of a portable artificial reference marker made out of a pulsed light source and a navigation satellite sensor module. The reference marker can determine and communicate its position in the world coordinate system at centimeter precision using navigartion sensors. Our results showed that simultaneous detection of the same marker in several cameras having overlapping field of views allowed us to determine the markers position in 3D world coordinate space with an accuracy of 3-4 cm. These experiments were made in the volume around a wind turbine at distances from cameras to marker within a range of 70 to 90 m.
|
|
| 10. |
- Imran, Muhammad, et al.
(author)
-
Exploration of preprocessing architectures for field-programmable gate array-based thermal-visual smart camera
- 2016
-
In: Journal of Electronic Imaging (JEI). - 1017-9909 .- 1560-229X. ; 25:4
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Embedded smart cameras are gaining in popularity for a number of real-Time outdoor surveillance applications. However, there are still challenges, i.e., computational latency, variation in illumination, and occlusion. To solve these challenges, multimodal systems, integrating multiple imagers can be utilized. However, trade-off is more stringent requirements on processing and communication for embedded platforms. To meet these challenges, we investigated two low-complexity and high-performance preprocessing architectures for a multiple imagers' node on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). In the proposed architectures, majority of the tasks are performed on the thermal images because of the lower spatial resolution. Analysis with different sets of images show that the system with proposed architectures offers better detection performance and can reduce output data from 1.7 to 99 times as compared with full-size images. The proposed architectures can achieve a frame rate of 53 fps, logics utilization from 2.1% to 4.1%, memory consumption 987 to 148 KB and power consumption in the range of 141 to 163 mW on Artix-7 FPGA. This concludes that the proposed architectures offer reduced design complexity and lower processing and communication requirements while retaining the configurability of the system.
|
|
