| 1. |
- Abelev, Betty, et al.
(author)
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Long-range angular correlations on the near and away side in p-Pb collisions at root S-NN=5.02 TeV
- 2013
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In: Physics Letters. Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 719:1-3, s. 29-41
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Angular correlations between charged trigger and associated particles are measured by the ALICE detector in p-Pb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV for transverse momentum ranges within 0.5 < P-T,P-assoc < P-T,P-trig < 4 GeV/c. The correlations are measured over two units of pseudorapidity and full azimuthal angle in different intervals of event multiplicity, and expressed as associated yield per trigger particle. Two long-range ridge-like structures, one on the near side and one on the away side, are observed when the per-trigger yield obtained in low-multiplicity events is subtracted from the one in high-multiplicity events. The excess on the near-side is qualitatively similar to that recently reported by the CMS Collaboration, while the excess on the away-side is reported for the first time. The two-ridge structure projected onto azimuthal angle is quantified with the second and third Fourier coefficients as well as by near-side and away-side yields and widths. The yields on the near side and on the away side are equal within the uncertainties for all studied event multiplicity and p(T) bins, and the widths show no significant evolution with event multiplicity or p(T). These findings suggest that the near-side ridge is accompanied by an essentially identical away-side ridge. (c) 2013 CERN. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Abelev, Betty, et al.
(author)
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Measurement of prompt J/psi and beauty hadron production cross sections at mid-rapidity in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV
- 2012
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In: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479. ; :11
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The ALICE experiment at the LHC has studied J/psi production at mid-rapidity in pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV through its electron pair decay on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity L-int = 5.6 nb(-1). The fraction of J/psi from the decay of long-lived beauty hadrons was determined for J/psi candidates with transverse momentum p(t) > 1,3 GeV/c and rapidity vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9. The cross section for prompt J/psi mesons, i.e. directly produced J/psi and prompt decays of heavier charmonium states such as the psi(2S) and chi(c) resonances, is sigma(prompt J/psi) (p(t) > 1.3 GeV/c, vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9) = 8.3 +/- 0.8(stat.) +/- 1.1 (syst.)(-1.4)(+1.5) (syst. pol.) mu b. The cross section for the production of b-hadrons decaying to J/psi with p(t) > 1.3 GeV/c and vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9 is a sigma(J/psi <- hB) (p(t) > 1.3 GeV/c, vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.9) = 1.46 +/- 0.38 (stat.)(-0.32)(+0.26) (syst.) mu b. The results are compared to QCD model predictions. The shape of the p(t) and y distributions of b-quarks predicted by perturbative QCD model calculations are used to extrapolate the measured cross section to derive the b (b) over bar pair total cross section and d sigma/dy at mid-rapidity.
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| 3. |
- Abelev, Betty, et al.
(author)
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Underlying Event measurements in pp collisions at root s=0.9 and 7 TeV with the ALICE experiment at the LHC
- 2012
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In: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479. ; :7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present measurements of Underlying Event observables in pp collisions at root s = 0 : 9 and 7 TeV. The analysis is performed as a function of the highest charged-particle transverse momentum p(T),L-T in the event. Different regions are defined with respect to the azimuthal direction of the leading (highest transverse momentum) track: Toward, Transverse and Away. The Toward and Away regions collect the fragmentation products of the hardest partonic interaction. The Transverse region is expected to be most sensitive to the Underlying Event activity. The study is performed with charged particles above three different p(T) thresholds: 0.15, 0.5 and 1.0 GeV/c. In the Transverse region we observe an increase in the multiplicity of a factor 2-3 between the lower and higher collision energies, depending on the track p(T) threshold considered. Data are compared to PYTHIA 6.4, PYTHIA 8.1 and PHOJET. On average, all models considered underestimate the multiplicity and summed p(T) in the Transverse region by about 10-30%.
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| 4. |
- Edvardsson, David, et al.
(author)
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Swedish language Person-centred Climate Questionnaire - patient version : construction and psychometric evaluation
- 2008
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In: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - Malden : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 63:3, s. 302-309
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIM: This paper is a report of a study to construct and evaluate psychometric properties of the Swedish language patient version Person-centred Climate Questionnaire.BACKGROUND: Person-centred care is widely described as a preferred model of care as it uses the individual person's perspective as point of departure. However, the concept is elusive and lacks definition and a means of measurement.METHOD: A preliminary item pool generated from qualitative studies was distributed to a sample of hospital patients (n = 544) and subjected to item analysis and reduction using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The psychometrical properties of the final questionnaire were evaluated using statistical estimates of validity and reliability.RESULTS: The final 17-item questionnaire consists of three factors explaining 65.1% of the total variance in data, and shows satisfactory goodness-of-fit in confirmative factor analyses. The factors were labelled safety, everydayness and hospitality. Content and construct validity was estimated as satisfactory by Delphi assessment, factor and item analysis. Cronbach's alpha was satisfactory for the total scale (0.93), and also for the three subscales: safety 0.94, everydayness 0.82 and generosity 0.64.CONCLUSION: The Person-centred Climate Questionnaire is a valid and reliable contribution for assessing to what extent the climate of hospital environments is person-centred. The instrument enables descriptions and comparisons of environments, exploration of correlates between person-centredness and patient outcomes and/or measure results of various interventions.
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| 5. |
- Edvardsson, David, et al.
(author)
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The Tool for Understanding Residents' Needs as Individual Persons (TURNIP) : construction and initial testing
- 2011
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In: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - Oxford : Blackwell Scientific. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 20:19-20, s. 2890-2896
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aims and objectives: To construct and evaluate an intervention tool for increasing the person-centredness of care in residential aged care services. Background: Providing care that is person-centred and evidence-based is increasingly being regarded as synonymous with best quality aged care. However, consensus about how person-centred care should be defined, operationalised and implemented has not yet been reached. Design: Literature reviews, expert consultation (n = 22) and stakeholder interviews (n = 67) were undertaken to develop the Tool for Understanding Residents’ Needs as Individual Persons (TURNIP). Methods: Statistical estimates of validity and reliability were employed to evaluate the tool in an Australian convenience sample of aged care staff (n = 220). Results: The 39 item TURNIP conceptualised person-centred care into five dimensions: (1) the care environment, (2) staff members’ attitudes towards dementia, (3) staff members’ knowledge about dementia, (4) the care organisation and (5) the content of care provided. Psychometric testing indicated satisfactory validity and reliability, as shown for example in a total Cronbach’s alpha of 0·89. Conclusions: The TURNIP adds to current literature on person-centred care by presenting a rigorously developed intervention tool based on an explicit conceptual structure that can inform the design, employment and communication of clinical interventions aiming to promote person-centred care. Relevance to clinical practice: The TURNIP contains clinically relevant items that are ready to be applied in clinical aged care. The tool can be used as a base for clinical interventions applying discussions in aged care organisations about the quality of current care and how to increase person-centredness of the care provided.
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| 6. |
- Jonsdottir, Ingibjörg H, 1966, et al.
(author)
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Enhancement of natural immunity seen after voluntary exercise in rats. Role of central opioid receptors.
- 2000
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In: Life sciences. - 0024-3205. ; 66:13, s. 1231-9
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Chronic voluntary exercise in wheels for 5 weeks in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) augments in vivo natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity. Endogenous beta-endorphin is increased in cerebrospinal fluid after voluntary exercise in rats and we have recently shown that beta-endorphin administered i.c.v. augments NK cell mediated cytotoxicity in vivo in a similar way as chronic voluntary exercise. We have now further investigated the involvement of central opioid systems in the exercise-induced augmentation in natural immunity. Exercise consisted of voluntary running in wheels for 5 weeks. In vivo cytotoxicity was measured as clearance of injected 51Cr-labeled YAC-1 lymphoma cells from the lungs. The clearance of YAC-1 cells in vivo was significantly increased in runners as compared to sedentary controls. Selective delta, kappa, or mu-opioid receptor antagonists were administered i.c.v. with osmotic minipumps during the last 6 days of the 5 weeks of running. The delta-receptor antagonist naltrindole (40-50 microg/day) significantly but not completely inhibited the enhanced NK-cell cytotoxicity seen after 5 weeks of exercise. Neither the kappa-receptor antagonist nor-BNI or the mu-receptor antagonist beta-FNA influenced the augmentation in NK cell cytotoxicity. Nor-BNI per se significantly augments in vivo cytotoxicity, indicating some inhibiting effect on natural immunity that could be mediated through the kappa-opioid receptor. Our data suggest the involvement of central delta-opioid receptors in the enhancement of natural cytotoxicity seen after chronic voluntary exercise.
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| 7. |
- Jonsdottir, Ingibjörg H, 1966, et al.
(author)
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Healthcare workers' participation in a healthy-lifestyle-promotion project in western Sweden.
- 2011
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In: BMC public health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 11
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- ABSTRACT: Background: Healthcare professionals play a central role in health promotion and lifestyle information towards patients as well as towards the general population, and it has been shown that own lifestyle habits can influence attitudes and counselling practice towards patients. The purpose of this study was to explore the participation of healthcare workers (HCWs) in a worksite health promotion (WHP) programme. We also aimed to find out whether HCWs with poorer lifestyle-related health engage in health-promotion activities to a larger extent than employees reporting healthier lifestyles. Method: A biennial questionnaire survey was used in this study, and it was originally posted to employees in the public healthcare sector in western Sweden, one year before the onset of the WHP programme. The response rate was 61% (n = 3207). In the four-year follow-up, a question regarding participation in a three-year-long WHP programme was included, and those responding to this question were included in the final analysis (n = 1859). The WHP programme used a broad all-inclusive approach, relying on the individual’s decision to participate in activities related to four different themes: physical activity, nutrition, sleep, and happiness/enjoyment. Results: The participation rate was around 21%, the most popular theme being physical activity. Indicators of lifestyle-related health/behaviour for each theme were used, and regression analysis showed that individuals who were sedentary prior to the programme were less likely to participate in the programme’s physical activities than the more active individuals. Participation in the other three themes was not significantly predicted by the indicators of the lifestyle-related health, (body mass index, sleep disturbances, or depressive mood). Conclusion: Our results indicate that HCWs are not more prone to participate in WHP programmes compared to what has been reported for other working populations, and despite a supposedly good knowledge of healthrelated issues, HCWs reporting relatively unfavourable lifestyles are not more motivated to participate. As HCWs are key actors in promoting healthy lifestyles to other groups (such as patients), it is of utmost importance to find strategies to engage this professional group in activities that promote their own health.
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| 8. |
- Oda, Husam, 1975-
(author)
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Leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domain (LRIG) proteins : possible prognostic markers in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma, endometrial carcinoma, and oropharymgeal squamous cell carcinoma
- 2023
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The human leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domain (LRIG) gene family comprises three genes, LRIG1, LRIG2 and LRIG3, which encode the LRIG1, LRIG2 and LRIG3 proteins, respectively. Previous stidies have revealed the different prognostic roles of these proteins in different cancers, and it has been shown that LRIG1 functions as a tumour suppressor in certain cancers via its negative regulation of several receptor tyrosine kinases. Much less is known about the functionof LRIG2 and LRIG3. The expression of all three LRIG genes has been studied with human papillomavirus (HPV). In particular, expression of LRIG1 has been associated with improved survival in cervical, vaginal, and oropharyngeal cancers. Since LRIG1 has been shown to predict sensitivity to paltinum-based chemotherapy when studied in different cell lines, the possible role of LRIG protein expression in HPV-associated and other cancers may be interesting to investigate furthur.The overall aim of this thesis was to evaluate the immunoreactivity of LRIGs in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (VSCC), endometrial carcinoma (EC) and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) and to investigate the potential prognostic value of LRIG proteins in association with HPV and p16 status in VSCC and OPSCC and to investigate the possible prognostic value of LMO7 and other prognostic markers of interest. Expression of the LRIG proteins and other markers was evaluated with immunohistochemistry, and HPV status was determined by PCR.In VSCC, high immunoreactivity of LRIG2 and LMO7 was associated with good survival. LRIG1 was not a significant prognostic factor in VSCC. We also conducted a pilot study to evaluate the immunoreactivity of LRIG proteins in 75 women with EC. Most of the patients in this cohort had very high positivity for LRIG proteins. High expression of LRIG3 was associated with better survival. LRIG1 and LRIG2 expression in tumours had no impact on prognosis in this study, but this should be interpreted with great caution due to the limited size of the cohort. Finally, high expression of LMO7 was associated with improved survival in OPSCC. In this cohort of 143 patients, LRIG1 expression was associated with worse survival in HPV-driven tumours. This is in contrast to previous published work where high LRIG1 expression has been associated with good survival. Notably, in both the VSCC and OPSCC cohort, a new polyclonal LRIG1 antibody was used in contrast to that in a previous study of OPSCC.In conclusion, we report additional data on the prognosticvalue of LRIG proteins in smaller cohort of VSCC, EC and OPSCC and suggest that these molecular markers need to be investigated furthur to elucidate possible clinical implications. In addition, a new monoclonal antibody against LRIG1 needs to be developed to ensure the reproducibility of the data.
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| 9. |
- Oskarsson, Patrik, 1975
(author)
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The law of the land contested: Bauxite mining in tribal, central India in an age of economic reform
- 2010
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis explores the contestation over a bauxite mining project in the State of Andhra Pradesh which includes a number of factors that may be seen as producing conflicts over both the physical environment and equitable, inclusive development for very vulnerable people. A key issue at stake is an alternative use of land in the constitutionally protected Scheduled Areas for mining rather than low intensity cultivation and extraction of forest products. The strategic policy choice is either to prioritize the protection of tribals from absolute poverty or to promote economic growth through mining, reflecting alternative visions of development and justice. In the background to the current conflict is the Supreme Court ‘Samatha Judgement’ of 1997, at the time hailed as re-affirming the right to land for Scheduled Tribes in central India. But this judgement has been restricted on appeal to only the State of Andhra Pradesh. And not only has its jurisdiction been limited, since 2005 new attempts are being made to open up this land for large scale mining in joint ventures between the State government and private investors in Andhra Pradesh itself. The contestation over what should happen to Scheduled Area land is analysed using Fraser’s ‘three moments in the politics of needs’ which focuses not only on achieving certain outcomes in terms of the distribution and control of land, but also takes into account the struggle to get recognition for identified needs of particular groups of people, in this case the Scheduled Tribes, and how the implementation process itself modifies the sought after outcomes. Current attempts to mine have been made by what appears to be a powerful alliance formation of industrial and political interests likened to Kohli’s characterisation of the larger political economy of India. But this research reveals a very slow process of implementation, in which the mining promoters have been frustrated by a complex set of opposing forces making use of local civil society, regional mass media and, national and regional political parties and juridical institutions that characterise the political economy of India at State level. Indian democracy thus continues to offer spaces for political deliberation and representation for civil society organisations and actors at the sites of implementation but also at higher levels including via the courts and the media. The main method employed, and an original aspect of this research, is document analysis based on the many bureaucratic and other planning documents which have become available via the recent Right To Information Act. In addition key informant interviews and livelihood analysis connects the people at the project sites with project opposition members in especially coastal Andhra Pradesh, and the planning and bureaucratic procedures of the further distant capital cities of Hyderabad and Delhi. The final outcome of the mining project remains to be seen as it is still under implementation. This outcome will depend not only on the relative material resources of the opposing parties; if this was the case, then the State government and its private business partner would have already won decisively. Instead we are seeing a drawn out process of contestation where the discursive resistance to tribal dispossession from land has strong historical roots and many active supporters. It is found that rather than relying on direct authority, the advantage of the project promoters rests on their ability to obtain and control information, though that control is far from hegemonic and has actually been diminished by the freedom of information legislation.
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| 10. |
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