| 1. |
- Carlsson, Katrin, et al.
(author)
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Fear and the Amygdala : Manipulation of Awareness Generates Differential Cerebral Responses to Phobic and Fear-Relevant (but Nonfeared) Stimuli
- 2004
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In: Emotion. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 1528-3542 .- 1931-1516. ; 4:4, s. 340-353
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Rapid response to danger holds an evolutionary advantage. In this positron emission tomography study, phobics were exposed to masked visual stimuli with timings that either allowed awareness or not of either phobic, fear-relevant (e.g., spiders to snake phobics), or neutral images. When the timing did not permit awareness, the amygdala responded to both phobic and fear-relevant stimuli. With time for more elaborate processing, phobic stimuli resulted in an addition of an affective processing network to the amygdala activity, whereas no activity was found in response to fear-relevant stimuli. Also, right prefrontal areas appeared deactivated, comparing aware phobic and fear-relevant conditions. Thus, a shift from top-down control to an affectively driven system optimized for speed was observed in phobic relative to fear-relevant aware processing. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved) (journal abstract)
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| 2. |
- Frisk, U., et al.
(author)
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The Odin satellite - I. Radiometer design and test
- 2003
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In: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 402:3, s. L27-L34
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Sub-millimetre and Millimetre Radiometer (SMR) is the main instrument on the Swedish, Canadian, Finnish and French spacecraft Odin. It consists of a 1.1 metre diameter telescope with four tuneable heterodyne receivers covering the ranges 486-504 GHz and 541-581 GHz, and one fixed at 118.75 GHz together with backends that provide spectral resolution from 150 kHz to 1 MHz. This Letter describes the Odin radiometer, its operation and performance with the data processing and calibration described in Paper II.
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| 3. |
- Hellén-Halme, Kristina, et al.
(author)
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Image Quality of Digital and Film Radiographs in Applications Sent to the Dental Insurance Office in Sweden for Treatment Approval
- 2004
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In: Swedish Dental Journal. - : Swedish Dental Association. - 0347-9994. ; 28:2, s. 77-84
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In July 2002, a new dental insurance program was introduced in Sweden. For all patients over 65 years, prior approval for all prosthetic work would need to be obtained from the Dental Insurance Office. From October to December 2002, 540 cases were randomly selected for evaluation from the 14,624 applications that had been sent from throughout Sweden to the Dental Insurance Office in Lund. Our aims were to appraise the quality of the radiographic examinations and to compare the quality of the digital with the film (X-ray film) radiographs. The radiographic examinations were evaluated as a whole in relation to the proposed treatment and in detail using specific criteria such as density, contrast, unsharpness, angulation, and receptor position error. The quality variables were evaluated as acceptable or unacceptable. A total of 4,687 intra-oral and 206 panoramic radiographs were evaluated. Thirteen per cent of the intra-oral radiographs and 9% of the panoramic radiographs were taken with a digital technique. Most of the digital radiographs—-70% of the intra-oral and 61% of the panoramic radiographs-—were submitted on microdisk. Twentyeight per cent of the intra-oral digital radiographs, however, were submitted on paper. The radiographic quality in 150 cases (28%) were found to be unacceptable for assessment of the proposed treatment. The most common error-—both in digital and X-ray film radiographs-—was in receptor position. Significantly more errors were found in the intra-oral digital radiographs compared to the radiographs taken with X-ray film. Most of the errors in the digital radiographs were detected in the paper copies. In conclusion, it is possible to improve the radiographic quality in applications for treatment approval, and the dentists had more difficulties with the digital technique than with X-ray film.
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| 4. |
- Karlsson, Magnus, 1967, et al.
(author)
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Quaternion approach to PMD and PDL phenomena in optical fiber systems
- 2004
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In: Journal of Lightwave Technology. - 0733-8724 .- 1558-2213. ; 22:4, s. 1137-1146
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper, we introduce the concept of quaternions (which is a generalization of the complex numbers) and quaternion calculus and demonstrate how this theory may be used to simplify the treatment of polarization phenomena in optical fibers. We apply quaternion calculus to two examples: 1) the description of polarization-dependent loss (PDL) elements and concatenation of such and 2) the description of pulse dynamics and broadening in transmission lines with both polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) and PDL. Finally we present some novel results from the investigation of pulse broadening in a simple system comprising a PMD element, followed by a perfect polarizer.
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| 5. |
- Lindgren, Arne, et al.
(author)
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A national curriculum in neurology for medical education
- 2004
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In: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205. ; 101:26-27, s. 2261-3
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The knowledge within medicine is growing rapidly. It has become more and more difficult to decide what knowledge that has to be taught to medical students during their University Medical Degree (MD) education and what has to be omitted from their study plans. As help for teachers and students, a core curriculum of the education defines what is of importance for all students. However, there is a risk of "curriculum overload" with too much information being put into a short time interval. To avoid this and to define what is really the "core" of a course, a national consensus decision may be useful. As an example of this approach, we here report a new joint Swedish core curriculum in neurology for medical students. Teachers responsible for neurological education at all six universities giving University MD education in Sweden have in January 2003 agreed upon the core curriculum that we present. It is our hope that this method can be useful also for other clinical specialities.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Nilsson, Sara L, et al.
(author)
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A chemometric study of active parameters and their interaction effects in a nebulized sheath-liquid electrospray interface for capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry
- 2004
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In: Electrophoresis. - : Wiley. - 0173-0835 .- 1522-2683. ; 25:13, s. 2100-2107
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A chemometrics approach has been used for evaluating the effect of four experimental parameters when coupling capillary electrophoresis (CE) to electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Electrospray voltage, sheath-liquid flow rate, nebulizing gas flow rate, and spray needle position in respect to the MS orifice were varied according to a full factorial design. In addition to main effects, two interaction effects could be identified as significant when measuring the peak intensity of the analytes, from a sample mixture containing peptides and pharmaceuticals. The first interaction effects, between the nebulizing gas flow rate and the sheath-liquid flow rate, and the second interaction effect, between the nebulizing gas flow rate and the spray position, could further explain the impact that these variables have on the spray performance. The number of theoretical plates and the baseline noise were also measured. The sheath-liquid flow was found to significantly affect the separation efficiency, while the noise level mainly was controlled by the nebulizing gas flow. The same factorial design was also used for a CE capillary with lower internal diameter (ID) and the effects of the same variables were compared on those capillaries using equal injection volume for both capillaries. Similar trends were obtained in both capillaries but capillary ID was shown to be a significant variable when evaluating both capillaries in a single model. It was found that a capillary with 25 m ID provided improved CE-MS performance over than corresponding 50 m ID capillary. Enhanced sensitivity was obtained using the narrow-bore capillary, and at lower sheath-liquid flow rate the 25 m ID capillary also gave rise to more efficient peaks.
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| 8. |
- Nilsson, Sara L., et al.
(author)
-
A chemometric study of active parameters and their interaction effects in a nebulized sheath-liquid electrospray interface for capillary electrophoresis - mass spectrometry
- 2004
-
In: Electrophoresis. ; :25, s. 2100-2107
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A chemometrics approach has been used for evaluating the effect of four experimental parameters when coupling capillary electrophoresis (CE) to electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Electrospray voltage, sheath-liquid flow rate, nebulizing gas flow rate, and spray needle position in respect to the MS orifice were varied according to a full factorial design. In addition to main effects, two interaction effects could be identified as significant when measuring the peak intensity of the analytes, from a sample mixture containing peptides and pharmaceuticals. The first interaction effects, between the nebulizing gas flow rate and the sheath-liquid flow rate, and the second interaction effect, between the nebulizing gas flow rate and the spray poisition, could further explain the impact that these variables have on the spray performance. The number of theoretical plates and the baseline noise were also measured. The sheath-liquid flow was found to significantly affect the separation efficiency, while the noise level mainly was controlled by the nebulizing gas flow. The same factorial design was also used for a CE capillary with lower internal diameter (ID) and the effects of the same variables were compared on those capillaries using equal injection volume for both capillaries. Similar trends were obtained in both capillaries but capillary ID was shown to be a significant variable when evaluating both capillaries in a single model. It was found that a capillary with 25 um ID provided improved CE-MS performance over than corresponding 50 um ID capillary. Enhanced sensitivity was obtained using the narrow-bore capillary, and at lower sheath-liquid flow rat the 25 um ID capillary also gave rise to more efficient peaks.
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| 9. |
- Nilsson, S. L., et al.
(author)
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Phosphate buffers in capillary electrophoresis/mass spectrometry using atmospheric pressure photo ionization and electrospray ionization
- 2003
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In: Rapid Communication in mass spectrometry. - : Wiley. - 0951-4198 .- 1097-0231. ; 17:20, s. 2267-2272
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Capillary electrophoresis (CE) has been combined with atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) and electrospray ionization (ESI) for mass spectrometric (MS) detection. Separation conditions using potassium phosphate buffer and ammonium formate buffer have been compared for analysis of eleven pharmaceutical bases. The results showed improvements in separation efficiency and peak symmetry when phosphate buffer was used. The low flow in CE may enable utilization of these advances with MS detection. Compared with ESI, the APPI technique provided a cluster-free background. The enhanced signal-to-noise ratio in the total ion current (TIC) and the reduced spectral background indicated that the APPI process is less affected by non-volatile salts in the CE buffers. This results in a wider range of choice of CE buffers in CE/MS analysis when APPI is the ionization method.
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| 10. |
- Petersson, Johan, 1971-, et al.
(author)
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Web Services' Impact on Electronic Marketplaces : the Need for a Trusted Third Party
- 2003
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In: Proceedings of the 26th Information Systems Research Seminar in Scandinavia.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper addresses the possible impact of Web Services in an electronic marketplace setting. The concept of Web Services suggests decentralisation and a business setting relying on automatic transactions. After outlining a Web Service scenario the paper elaborates on the implications on a ‘traditional’ third party situation of electronic commerce transactions. This is illustrated by applying the concept of Web Services to data from a conducted electronic marketplace case study. The conclusion regards a proposition that there still is a need for a trusted third party who acts as a guarantor for the involved actors’ reliability.
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