| 1. |
- Bengtsson, Ingemar, et al.
(author)
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Hayek, welfarism, and the deserving poor
- 2021. - 1
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In: Poverty in Contemporary Economic Thought. - First Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2021. | : Routledge. - 9780367354268 - 9780429331312
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Hayek sees poverty in its absolute sense as a factual problem, which the society has an obligation to deal with. Relative poverty, on the other hand, is not a problem with which the state should be concerned. Hayek approves the use of redistribution to decrease absolute poverty. However, redistribution of income for the sake of greater material equality would necessarily imply unequal treatment of men. This means that individuals will be used to fulfill the aims of other individuals; they will not be free. To Hayek, this is inacceptable. Other than the helping of the deserving poor to overcome poverty in its absolute sense, Hayek did not write much on poverty. The explanation for that is that Hayek viewed the problem of poverty mostly as a problem of the absence of prosperity. To Hayek, there is only one way to abolish poverty in the long run, and it is to make the society generally prosperous. A prosperous society is a society in continuous progress where all knowledge is put to its best use. Only in a free society, where the reward for supplying a good or service corresponds to the value it has to other individuals, will all knowledge come to use.
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| 2. |
- Lundahl, Mats, et al.
(author)
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Introduction : Poverty in contemporary economic thought
- 2021
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In: Poverty in Contemporary Economic Thought. - First Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2021. | : Routledge. - 9780367354268 - 9781000368291 ; , s. 1-12
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This introduction presents an overview of the key concepts discussed in the subsequent chapters of this book. The book provides presentation of the work of the economists who received the 2019 Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel. It deals almost exclusively with poverty within a nation, with the situation of individuals in society. The book explores the perspective to a comparison between nations, rich versus poor nations, and to the mechanisms which make for differences between national income levels. It identifies and examines what he had to say about the nature, origin, and possible solution of poverty. The book discusses poverty in the context of criticism of socialism, and the authors explain why this is so. It provides a discussion of the causes of poverty and its possible remedies, according to Hayek.
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| 3. |
- Rauhut, Daniel, et al.
(author)
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Capability deprivation and poverty : Amartya sen revisited
- 2021
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In: Poverty in Contemporary Economic Thought. - First Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2021. | : Routledge. - 9781000368291 - 9780367354268 ; , s. 158-171
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The strength of Sen’s concept of poverty lies in the fact that it goes beyond the traditional concepts of poverty and is able to grasp the complexity of poverty. At the same time, the strength of Sen’s concept of poverty is also its weakness. It is very abstract indeed. Income does not tell us much about poverty according to the capability deprivation approach since poverty is more than being short of money or about income inequalities. However, while income plays an important role in achieving capabilities, it is the capability sets of different persons that should be compared with each other to see what real opportunities different persons actually have. Adam Smith and the classical economics have had a strong influence on Sen, something which he admits himself. Sen follows the Smithian tradition arguing that poverty should mainly be fought by the market mechanisms, complemented by public action. In addition, John Rawls has had significant influence on Sen’s notion of social justice. Partly in opposition to Rawls’ theory of social justice, Sen presents his own theory of justice, based not only on his previous work in welfare economics and social choice theory, but also on his philosophical thoughts. Institutions and processes in which the individual’s capabilities (including human rights) are in focus. The impact of Sen’s ideas on policies on how to fight poverty, capability deprivation, and social injustices is against mainstream economics: social reforms-such as improvements in education and public health-must precede economic reform. His views encourage policy makers to pay attention not only to alleviating immediate suffering but also to finding ways to replace the lost income of the poor-for example through public works.
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| 4. |
- Rauhut, Daniel, 1968-, et al.
(author)
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How to measure the impact of place marketing activities : a methodological discussion
- 2020
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In: Geografisk tidsskrift. - Copenhagen : Taylor & Francis. - 0016-7223 .- 1903-2471. ; 120:1, s. 67-78
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper aims to explicate and discuss the main methods of measuring the effects of place marketing. Rather than favouring one method over another a priori, we seek to understand each method on its own terms in order to illuminate key assumptions and hypotheses. Additionally, we compare and contrast the different methods to reveal areas of logical inconsistency.Generally, the impact of place marketing activities is dominated by fragmented, often single case studies, analysed using qualitative methods. The methods hitherto developed to measure the effect of place marketing activities posit causal mechanisms in line with simple ex ante/ex post comparisons. As place marketing appears to be ‘political’ and policy oriented, the need to understand what happens in the policy process and the context in which marketing activities take place is paramount, we need to unfold the political process so as to understand why and how some place marketing activities work, and others do not.
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| 5. |
- Rauhut Kompaniets, Olga, 1980-, et al.
(author)
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Public Diplomacy, Place Branding, and Refugee Settlement
- 2021
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In: 5th Annual Conference International Place Branding Association. - : Documenta Universitaria. - 9788499845838 ; , s. 133-139
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundNowadays, not only countries but also cities and regions communicate directly with residents in other countries using public diplomacy. Public diplomacy includes all official efforts to convince targeted sectors of foreign opinion to support or tolerate the strategic objectives of the government of a state, region or city. By branding your place to residents in other countries, you can make your place an attractive place to move to. On the other hand, you can also demolish your place brand reputation among other target groups and stakeholders.AimThis paper aims at discussing the role of public diplomacy in place branding for attracting new residents. We will focus on refugees. Once the refugees have obtained the right to stay in Sweden, they have the right to settle down wherever they want. However, they do not settle down in different parts of Sweden by random, but as a response to municipal public diplomacy communication strategies in branding places.DesignWe use an exploratory case study design to discuss how the two cities Borlänge and Malmö work with public diplomacy and place branding in attracting refugees to settle down in these cities. Both cities relied on immigrant labour but entered a painful deindustrialisation process in the late 1970s. However, in the 1990s the cities’ development took different turns. We develop a conceptual framework based on public diplomacy and place branding. The empirical material is based on policy documents decided by the respective city halls, statistics from Statistics Sweden and previous research.FindingsThe place branding of Borlänge targets just the residents. For non-residents the brand is weak and for refugees unattractive. No public diplomacy communication is reported in the policy documents from Borlänge. Malmö works actively with place branding and public diplomacy to attract new residents from abroad, and refugees re-settling from other parts of Sweden. The city is seen as a multicultural and superdiverse, a city where natives are a minority population. Unfortunately, by targeting one group of new residents so hard makes Malmö unattractive for other potential target groups.Policy implicationsPublic diplomacy and place branding matters. Local and regional politicians can make their place attractive for new residents from other parts of Sweden as well as abroad, for labour migrants as well as refugees. It depends on the chosen target groups as well as place branding strategy. Place branding and public diplomacy are highly political activities and as such, they are political sensitive.
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| 6. |
- Carlson, Benny, et al.
(author)
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Eli Heckscher on poverty: causes and cures
- 2020
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In: Poverty in the History of Economic Thought : From Mercantilism to Neoclassical Economics - From Mercantilism to Neoclassical Economics. - 9780367354237 ; , s. 165-177
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
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| 7. |
- Carlson, Benny, et al.
(author)
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Gustav Cassel on Poverty: Growth, not Grants!
- 2020
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In: Poverty in the History of Economic Thought : From Mercantilism to Neoclassical Economics - From Mercantilism to Neoclassical Economics. - 9780367354237 ; , s. 147-164
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
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| 8. |
- Dribe, Martin, et al.
(author)
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Malthus and the poor
- 2020
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In: Poverty in the History of Economic Thought : From Mercantilism to Neoclassical Economics - From Mercantilism to Neoclassical Economics. - 9780367354237 - 9780429331299 ; , s. 44-55
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Lundahl, Mats, et al.
(author)
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Preface
- 2021
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In: Poverty in Contemporary Economic Thought. - 9781000368291 - 9780367354268
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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