| 1. |
- Mihali, Viorica Alina, et al.
(author)
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Benzenediacrylates as organic battery electrode materials : Na versus Li
- 2014
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In: RSC Advances. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2046-2069. ; 4:72, s. 38004-38011
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper discusses investigations of a novel Na-based organic battery electrode material, disodium benzenediacrylate (Na(2)BDA) in comparison with its Li-ion homologue. Li(2)BDA has previously shown promising battery properties, such as stable cycling and good capacity retention. Na(2)BDA and Li(2)BDA are here successfully synthesized and characterized, and investigated as anode materials in prototype Na- and Li-ion battery cells. Moreover, different electrolytes are screened for the Na-battery material, and a useful operating voltage window is explored. Na(2)BDA is shown to possess a higher initial coulombic efficiency (91%) than the Li-homologue, which is uncommon for sodiated organic electrode materials. The Na-compound shows an initial capacity of 177.7 mA h g(-1), which however decreases to ca. 50 mA h g(-1) after 20-100 cycles depending on the cycling rate; a significantly lower capacity retention then that observed for Li(2)BDA. The capacity loss can primarily be explained by a decomposition mechanism of the Na(2)BDA compound.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Renault, Stéven, et al.
(author)
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Environmentally-Friendly Lithium Recycling From a Spent Organic Li-Ion Battery
- 2014
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In: ChemSusChem. - : Wiley. - 1864-5631 .- 1864-564X. ; 7:10, s. 2859-2867
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A simple and straightforward method using non-polluting solvents and a single thermal treatment step at moderate temperature was investigated as an environmentally-friendly process to recycle lithium from organic electrode materials for secondary lithium batteries. This method, highly dependent on the choice of electrolyte, gives up to 99% of sustained capacity for the recycled materials used in a second life-cycle battery when compared with the original. The best results were obtained using a dimethyl carbonate/lithium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl) imide electrolyte that does not decompose in presence of water. The process implies a thermal decomposition step at a moderate temperature of the extracted organic material into lithium carbonate, which is then used as a lithiation agent for the preparation of fresh electrode material without loss of lithium.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Renault, Stevén, et al.
(author)
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Improving the electrochemical performance of organic Li-ion battery electrodes
- 2013
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In: Chemical Communications. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1359-7345 .- 1364-548X. ; 49:19, s. 1945-1947
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Dilithium benzenediacrylate was prepared and investigated as an example of a readily available organic electrode material for lithium-ion batteries. Its poor conductive properties were overcome by a method of carbon-coating in the liquid state, resulting in enhanced cycling performance, displaying a reversible capacity of 180 mA h g(-1).
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Renault, Stevén, et al.
(author)
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Optimizing the electrochemical performance of water-soluble organic Li-ion battery electrodes
- 2013
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In: Electrochemistry communications. - : Elsevier BV. - 1388-2481 .- 1873-1902. ; 34, s. 174-176
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A method for improving the electrode formulation of organic Li-ion battery active materials is reported here. By combining freeze-drying and carbon-coating in the liquid state, an improved morphology of the electrode and the material can be achieved. The carbon content proved to be vital for the electrochemical performance due to its high dispersion when the active material particle size decreases. Reasonable capacity (>150 mAh/g) was shown for dilithium benzenediacrylate at 2C during 50 cycles.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Renault, Stéven, et al.
(author)
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Stability of organic Na-ion battery electrode materials : The case of disodium pyromellitic diimidate
- 2014
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In: Electrochemistry communications. - : Elsevier BV. - 1388-2481 .- 1873-1902. ; 45, s. 52-55
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A novel organic Na-salt is presented here for utilization as an active electrode material in rechargeable Na-ion batteries. The compound, disodium pyromellitic diimidate, is synthesized through a reaction by pyromellitic acid and sodium hydride and characterized using H-1-NMR. Na-batteries of the organic compound were able to obtain capacity values close to the theoretical during the first cycles, but a steady capacity decrease could be observed during cycling. The battery nevertheless delivered a capacity of ca 90 mAh/g after 100 cycles, rendering it a comparatively competitive organic Na-battery material. However, the results stress the importance of tailoring Na-compounds with a good chemical stability also at high levels of sodiation, since decomposition side-reactions can be probable.
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