| 1. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
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- 2015
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 2. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
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- 2015
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In: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 92:3
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 3. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
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- 2011
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swepub:Mat__t (peer-reviewed)
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| 4. |
- Thodelius, Charlotta, 1975
(author)
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Ungdomars suicid som rumslig akt
- 2019
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In: Arkitekten. ; :2, s. 50-51
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Vår uppfattning om orsaksförhållanden präglar vilka lösningar vi ser. Men ibland bygger våra antaganden på falska orsaksförhållanden, särskilt går detta att se när det kommer till ett individrelaterat fenomen som självmord bland ungdomar. Självmord förklaras främst utifrån interna element, såsom ålder, psykisk ohälsa och kön, istället för att lägga fokus på externa element såsom metod och plats för suicidet (Clarke & Lester 1989; Lester & Stack 2015). Men suicidet uppstår i ett samspel mellan människa och miljö. Människor tenderar att i alla situationer agera i samspel med den omgivande fysiska miljön. Detta innebär att den fysiska miljön kan användas i förebyggande arbete vid sidan om mer traditionella sociala insatser. Tanken på situationell prevention, det vill säga insikten om att villkoren i ett givet sammanhang kan manipuleras för att därmed få till stånd ett annorlunda utfall av människors agerande, är inte ny. Ändå är preventionsaspekterna ofta underutvecklade i både teori och praktik.
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| 5. |
- Heaf, James, et al.
(author)
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First-year mortality in incident dialysis patients : results of the Peridialysis study
- 2022
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In: BMC Nephrology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2369. ; 23:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Controversy surrounds which factors are important for predicting early mortality after dialysis initiation (DI). We investigated associations of predialysis course and circumstances affecting planning and execution of DI with mortality following DI.METHODS: Among 1580 patients participating in the Peridialysis study, a study of causes and timing of DI, we registered features of predialysis course, clinical and biochemical data at DI, incidence of unplanned suboptimal DI, contraindications to peritoneal dialysis (PD) or hemodialysis (HD), and modality preference, actual choice, and cause of modality choice. Patients were followed for 12 months or until transplantation. A flexible parametric model was used to identify independent factors associated with all-cause mortality.RESULTS: First-year mortality was 19.33%. Independent factors predicting death were high age, comorbidity, clinical contraindications to PD or HD, suboptimal DI, high eGFR, low serum albumin, hyperphosphatemia, high C-reactive protein, signs of overhydration and cerebral symptoms at DI. Among 1061 (67.2%) patients who could select dialysis modality based on personal choice, 654 (61.6%) chose PD, 368 (34.7%) center HD and 39 (3.7%) home HD. The 12-months survival did not differ significantly between patients receiving PD and in-center HD.CONCLUSIONS: First-year mortality in incident dialysis patients was in addition to high age and comorbidity, associated with clinical contraindications to PD or HD, clinical symptoms, hyperphosphatemia, inflammation, and suboptimal DI. In patients with a "free" choice of dialysis modality based on their personal preferences, PD and in-center HD led to broadly similar short-term outcomes.
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| 6. |
- Ehrenberg, Måns, et al.
(author)
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Maximum rrn promoter activity in Escherichia coli at saturating concentrations of free RNA polymerase
- 2010
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In: Biochimie. - : Elsevier BV. - 0300-9084 .- 1638-6183. ; 92:1, s. 12-20
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- During fast growth, the rrn P1 promoters of Escherichia coli operate at their maximum strength, but below their maximum activity (V-max), since they are not saturated with RNA polymerase. Since higher concentrations of free RNA polymerase are expected to be found in strains carrying rrn deletions, we have analyzed reported electron micrographs of rrn operons from rrn deletion strains growing at maximal rates (at 37 degrees C) in LB medium [1]. We conclude that, in a strain with four of the seven rrn operons inactivated by partial deletions, transcripts are initiated at rrn P1 promoters 1.6-fold more rapidly than in the wild-type strain and the entirety of the rrn operon is transcribed at a 1.5-fold higher average elongation rate due to shortened pauses in the 16S and 23S regions. Under this condition, traffic congestion occurs in front of a pause site in the 5' leader region of the rrn operon near the beginning of the 16S gene; the congestion extends all the way back to the promoter, impedes promoter clearance and limits the promoter activity to one initiation per 0.56 s. This corresponds to a promoter activity of 107 transcripts/min and is assumed to be close to the V-max of rrn P1 promoters.
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| 7. |
- Alqahtani, F. Y., et al.
(author)
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Prevalence of comorbidities in cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus : a retrospective study
- 2019
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In: Epidemiology and Infection. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0950-2688 .- 1469-4409. ; 147
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a life-threatening respiratory disease with a high case fatality rate; however, its risk factors remain unclear. We aimed to explore the influence of demographic factors, clinical manifestations and underlying comorbidities on mortality in MERS-CoV patients. Retrospective chart reviews were performed to identify all laboratory-confirmed cases of MERS-COV infection in Saudi Arabia that were reported to the Ministry of Health of Saudi Arabia between 23 April 2014 and 7 June 2016. Statistical analyses were conducted to assess the effect of sex, age, clinical presentation and comorbidities on mortality from MERS-CoV. A total of 281 confirmed MERS-CoV cases were identified: 167 (59.4%) patients were male and 55 (20%) died. Mortality predominantly occurred among Saudi nationals and older patients and was significantly associated with respiratory failure and shortness of breath. Of the 281 confirmed cases, 160 (56.9%) involved comorbidities, wherein diabetes mellitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, congestive heart failure, end-stage renal disease and chronic kidney disease were significantly associated with mortality from MERS-CoV and two or three comorbidities significantly affected the fatality rates from MERS-CoV. The findings of this study show that old age and the existence of underlying comorbidities significantly increase mortality from MERS-CoV.
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| 8. |
- Howes, L.~M., et al.
(author)
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The EMBLA survey - metal-poor stars in the Galactic bulge
- 2016
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In: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 460:1, s. 884-901
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cosmological models predict the oldest stars in the Galaxy should be found closest to the centre of the potential well, in the bulge. The Extremely Metal-poor BuLge stars with AAOmega survey (EMBLA) successfully searched for these old, metal-poor stars by making use of the distinctive SkyMapper photometric filters to discover candidate metal-poor stars in the bulge. Their metal-poor nature was then confirmed using the AAOmega spectrograph on the Anglo-Australian Telescope. Here we present an abundance analysis of 10 bulge stars with -2.8 < [Fe/H] < -1.7 from MIKE/Magellan observations, in total determining the abundances of 22 elements. Combining these results with our previous high-resolution data taken as part of the Gaia-ESO Survey, we have started to put together a picture of the chemical and kinematic nature of the most metal-poor stars in the bulge. The currently available kinematic data are consistent with the stars belonging to the bulge, although more accurate measurements are needed to constrain the stars' orbits. The chemistry of these bulge stars deviates from that found in halo stars of the same metallicity. Two notable differences are the absence of carbon-enhanced metal-poor bulge stars, and the alpha element abundances exhibit a large intrinsic scatter and include stars which are underabundant in these typically enhanced elements.
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| 9. |
- Janowska, Joanna I., et al.
(author)
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Mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I dysfunction induced by N-methyl carbamate ex vivo can be alleviated with a cell-permeable succinate prodrug
- 2020
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In: Toxicology in Vitro. - : Elsevier BV. - 0887-2333. ; 65
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Human exposure to carbamates and organophosphates poses a serious threat to society and current pharmacological treatment is solely targeting the compounds' inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase. This toxicological pathway, responsible for acute symptom presentation, can be counteracted with currently available therapies such as atropine and oximes. However, there is still significant long-term morbidity and mortality. We propose mitochondrial dysfunction as an additional cellular mechanism of carbamate toxicity and suggest pharmacological targeting of mitochondria to overcome acute metabolic decompensation. Here, we investigated the effects on mitochondrial respiratory function of N-succinimidyl N-methylcarbamate (NSNM), a surrogate for carbamate insecticides, ex vivo in human platelets. Characterization of the mitochondrial toxicity of NSNM in platelets revealed a dose-dependent decrease in mitochondral oxygen consumption linked to respiratory chain complex I while the pathway through complex II was unaffected. In intact platelets, an increase in lactate production was seen, due to a compensatory shift towards anaerobic metabolism. Treatment with a cell-permeable succinate prodrug restored the NSNM-induced (100 μM) decrease in mitochondrial oxygen consumption and normalized lactate production to the level of control. We have demonstrated that carbamate-induced mitochondrial complex I dysfunction can be alleviated with a mitochondrial targeted countermeasure: a cell-permeable prodrug of the mitochondrial complex II substrate succinate.
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| 10. |
- Lohmann, Gui, et al.
(author)
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Licence to build, licence to charge? Market power, pricing and the financing of airport infrastructure development in Australia
- 2017
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In: Transport Policy. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0967-070X .- 1879-310X. ; 59, s. 28-37
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In 2017, airport privatisation in Australia reached a 20-year milestone, with its regulatory framework been shifted to a light-handed regulation in 2002. The light-handed regulation (LHR), as in place at Australia's top four airports, has been suggested as the ‘frontier of international policy’, leading to increasing interest among transport policymakers and researchers. This article offers an in-depth examination of the LHR with focus on a) the market-power of the regulated airports, b) the commercial price negotiations between airports and airlines, and c) the airports' behaviour towards infrastructure investment. The article reports on data from 21 semi-structured interviews conducted with key stakeholder groups affected by, or with expertise in, the LHR. Findings suggest that despite airports possessing significant market power, particularly in the domestic market, the light-handed approach seems to balance the forces in a market where an airline duopoly prevails (Qantas and Virgin Australia groups). In addition, both airports and airlines perceive that commercial price negotiations are improving and refrain from a return to a stronger regulation environment. For airlines, value-for-money is the primary concern in new infrastructure investments. Interviewees also outlined specific recommendations for improving the LHR framework, including a more accessible arbitrator and improved methodologies to monitor prices and quality of service. The findings point towards the significance of vertical relationships, long-term arrangements, and transparency as key aspects of the LHR and the development of airport infrastructure.
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