| 1. |
- Lange, H., et al.
(author)
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Fractional Precipitation of Wheat Straw Organosolv Lignin : Macroscopic Properties and Structural Insights
- 2016
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In: ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2168-0485. ; 4:10, s. 5136-5151
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Wheat straw organosolv lignin has been thoroughly characterized with respect to bulk material properties, surface properties, and structural characteristics by means of antioxidant assays and determination of the equilibrium constant in water-octanol partitioning, i.e., logP determination, optimized gel permeation chromatography, quantitative 31P NMR spectroscopy, quantitative HSQC measurements, and XPS studies. The material was subsequently fractionally precipitated based on a binary solvent system comprised of n-hexane and acetone to yield four fractions that exhibit distinct molecular mass characteristics, while displaying similar structural characteristics, as revealed by the same set of analysis techniques applied to them. Extensive correlation studies underline the versatility of the obtained fractions as higher quality starting materials for lignin valorization approaches since, for example, glass transition temperatures correlate well with number-average molecular weights, applying the Flory-Fox relation as well as its Ogawa and Loshaek variations.
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| 3. |
- Bronevetsky, Greg, et al.
(author)
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Compiler-enhanced incremental checkpointing for openMP applications
- 2009
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In: 23rd IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium, IPDPS 2009; Rome; Italy; 23 May 2009 through 29 May 2009. - 9781424437504
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- As modern supercomputing systems reach the peta-flop performance range, they grow in both size and complexity. This makes them increasingly vulnerable to failures from a variety of causes. Checkpointing is a popular technique for tolerating such failures, enablingapplications to periodically save their state and restart computation after a failure. Although a many automated system-level checkpointing solutions are currently availableto HPC users, manual application-level checkpointing remains more popular due to its superior performance. This paper improves performance of automated checkpointing via a compiler analysis for incremental checkpointing.This analysis, which works with both sequential and OpenMP applications, reduces checkpoint sizes by as much as 80% and enables asynchronous checkpointing.
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