| 1. |
- Øzhayat, Esben Boeskov, et al.
(author)
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Patients' experience of partial tooth loss and expectations to treatment : a qualitative study in Danish and Swedish patients
- 2016
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In: Journal of Oral Rehabilitation. - : Blackwell Munksgaard. - 1365-2842 .- 0305-182X. ; 43:3, s. 180-189
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Knowledge of impairments, wishes and expectations is essential to make correct decisions regarding oral rehabilitation. The purpose of this study was to investigate discomforts, wishes and expectations in patients' with partial edentulism before entering oral rehabilitation. In Copenhagen, Denmark, and Malmo, Sweden, respectively, 20 patients with partial edentulism seeking rehabilitation were interviewed in a semistructured qualitative manner. The interviews were transcribed and analysed yielding overall domains. Six themes appeared as overall domains: (i) experienced impairments, (ii) experienced social awareness, (iii) expectation to treatment, (iv) expectation to durability/survival, (v) coping strategies dealing with the tooth loss including explanations of the tooth loss and (vi) modifications to experienced impairment. The impairments were mostly experienced as problems in social settings. Most participants expressed a simple wish to function normally; a fixed solution was preferred. Many Danish participants accepted a removable solution whereas only few Swedish participants did so. The domains coping strategies' and modifications' were not part of the chosen topics of interest, indicating a high wish of the participants to explain their tooth loss and how they coped with it. In conclusion, a large degree of social impairment was found in the patient group along with several coping strategies. The impairments were modified by a number of factors indicating that highly individualised care and treatment is needed. A state of normality was described as the primary treatment wish with a higher acceptance of removable solutions in Denmark than in Sweden. For final decision-making, surrounding factors seemed to influence the patients' choices.
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| 2. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(author)
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- 2015
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 3. |
- Ahmad, Tashfeen
(author)
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Diabetic osteopathy : a study in the rat
- 2003
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The present study on non-obese Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats with type-2 diabetes and neuropathy was an attempt to describe and define pertinent features of diabetic osteopathy. Altogether, the study included 33 GK rats aged 12 and 20 months, and 36 age-matched Wistar rats as controls. All underwent test of glucose tolerance and nerve (sciatic) conduction velocity (NCV) showing that the diabetic rats had significantly higher blood glucose levels and lower NCV confirming the presence of diabetes and neuropathy. Skeletal features: Radiologic analysis of bone entailed X-ray, Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) and peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (pQCT). In diabetic rats, the length of humerus and height of vertebrae was reduced by 8%. The long bones exhibited endosteal erosion of the diaphyses up to 18% and periosteal expansion up to 8%. The vertebrae and metaphyses of long bones showed a decrease up to 24% in areal bone mineral density (BMD), whereas no decrease was seen in the diaphyses. Cross-sectional measurements by pQCT showed a decrease in volumetric BMD ranging from 33 to 62%, which exclusively pertained to trabecular bone (vertebrae, metaphyses), whereas volumetric BMD of the cortical bone of diaphyses was only marginally affected. The results indicate that juxta-articular bone in diabetes is substantially weaker, whereas diaphyseal cortical bone may be even stronger. Over all, the observations suggest that the diabetic skeleton is characterized by regional changes, which cannot be explained by systemic factors like calcium regulating hormones. Local bone turn-over is regulated by complex mechanisms involving cytokines, prostaglandins, growth factors and, also neuropeptides. Further analysis focused on the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system and neuronal mediators in bone. IGF system: Immunoassays of IGF-I were done on serum, ankle samples and cortical preparations. In addition, the inhibitory IGF-I binding proteins, IGFBP-1 and -4 were analysed in serum. In diabetic rats, serum IGF-I was reduced by 18%, while IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-4 were increased by 89 and 20%, respectively. This complies with the lower BMD in the diabetic rats. In cortical bone, IGF-I was reduced by 38%, whereas no change was seen in ankles. The loss of IGF-I in cortical bone represents a novel finding. Given the cortical expansion observed in diabetic rats, the opposite was expected. Conceivably, loss of IGF-I results in endosteal erosion, which is compensated by periosteal expansion. Neuropeptides: The analyses focused on two sensory mediators, i.e. substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene- related peptide (CGRP), and one autonomic, i.e. neuropeptide Y (NPY). Immunohistochemistry was applied to ankles and tibial diaphyses, whereas radioimmunoassay (RIA) was used for separate preparations of periosteum, cortex and bone marrow from femur and tibia, whole ankles, dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and lumbar spinal cord. The morphological analysis showed SP, CGRP and NPY positive nerve fibers in bone and joints, which mostly were blood vessel related, although free terminals were also seen. In addition, NPY-positive hematopoietic cells were observed in the bone marrow. RIA revealed a significant decrease of CGRP, albeit not of SP, in DRG (-26%) and spinal cord (-29%) in the diabetic rats. As for bone, only NPY was significantly reduced, most evidently in bone marrow (-66%), but also in cortical bone (-36%) and ankles (-29%). Given the bone anabolic effects of CGRP and NPY, loss of these neuropeptides may prove, at least partly, to underlie the trabecular osteopenia and endocortical erosion observed in diabetic rats. Conclusion: The skeleton of diabetic rats with type-2 diabetes and neuropathy is characterized by regional changes of size, form, mineral content and density and concomitantly with regional abnormalities of the IGF- system and neuropeptides suggesting that also local factors beyond systemic play an important role in the development of diabetic osteopathy.
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| 4. |
- Ahmad, T., et al.
(author)
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Frequency and outcomes of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus in patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction
- 2020
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In: Medical Forum Monthly. - : Medical Forum Monthly. - 1029-385X. ; 31:12, s. 3-7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To find out frequency and outcomes of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus in patients presenting with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Study Design: Descriptive / Cross-Sectional Study Place and Duration of study: This study was conducted at the Cardiology Department, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar from November 2018 to May 2019. Materials and Methods: Patient of either gender having age ranging between 30-75 years old with acute STEMI who present within 12 hours of symptoms and with no past history of documented diabetes mellitus were included in the study. Venous blood samples for laboratory data, including random blood sugar, two fasting blood sugar and HBA1c using hitachi modular evo p800 machine was done. Results: A total of 158 patients having acute STEMI were studied. Males were 68.4% (n=108).The mean age was 59.65 ±10.80 years. Frequency of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus was 31.64 % (n = 50). In non-diabetics stress hyperglycemia was found in 51.85 % (n=56) patients. Among various types of STEMI, anterior STEMI was more common presentation 34.1 % (n=54. p= 0.85). Mean HBA1C was 6.19 ± 1.87%. Frequency of Ventricular tachycardia (VT) was 22.2 % in which undiagnosed diabetics were n=18 (p=0.004).Ventricular fibrillation was present in 13.3 % patients with undiagnosed diabetics were n=14 (p=0.001). Frequency of AF was 13.9% (n=22) with undiagnosed diabetics having AF in n=13 (p=0.003). SVT was present in 5.7% (n=9) patients with not significant difference between two groups (p=0.017). Among various mechanical complications VSR was present in 10 % (n=16) of patients (p=0.001), cardiogenic shock in 11.1 % (n=18) patients (p=0.004), acute LVF was present in 15.8 % patients (p=0.017). Conclusion: In our study we concluded that one third of patients having acute ST elevation myocardial infarction have undiagnosed diabetes mellitus (31.64 %, n = 50). The most common complication was ventricular tachycardia among electrical complication and LVF among mechanical complication.
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| 5. |
- Ahmad, Tauseef, 1986, et al.
(author)
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Methodology for Power-Aware Coherent Receiver Design
- 2013
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In: Optics InfoBase Conference Papers. - 2162-2701. ; , s. SPT4D.4-
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We describe a methodology to design and evaluate DSP hardware for a coherent receiver. Important parameters that can be assessed include DSP power consumption and chip area.
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| 6. |
- Coradeschi, Silvia, et al.
(author)
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Towards a methodology for longitudinal evaluation of social robotic telepresence for elderly
- 2011
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In: 1st Workshop on Social Robotic Telepresence at HRI 2011.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper describes a methodology for performing longitudinal evaluations when a social robotic telepresence system is deployed in realistic environments. This work is the core of an Ambient Assisted Living Project called ExCITE, Enabling Social Interaction Through Telepresence. The ExCITE project is geared towards an elderly audience and has as aim to increase social interaction among elderly, their family and healthcare services by using robotic telepresence. The robotic system used in the project is called the Giraff robot and over a three year period, prototypes of this platform are deployed at a number of test-sites in different European countries where user feedback is collected and fedback into the refinement of the prototype. In this paper, we discuss the methodology of ExCITE in particular relation to other methodologies for longitudinal evaluation. The paper also provides a discussion of the possible pitfalls and risks in performing longitudinal studies of this nature particularly as they relate to social robotic telepresence technologies.
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| 7. |
- Özkahraman, Özer, 1992-, et al.
(author)
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Collaborative Navigation-Aware Coverage in Feature-Poor Environments
- 2022
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In: International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), 2022.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Multi agent coverage and robot navigation are two very important research fields within robotics. However, their intersection has received limited attention. In multi agent coverage, perfect navigation is often assumed, and in robot navigation, the focus is often to minimize the localization error with the aid of stationary features from the environment.The need for integration of the two becomes clear in environments with very sparse features or landmarks, for example when a group of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) are to search a uniform seafloor for mines or other dangerous objects.In such environments, localization systems are often deprived of detectable features to use that could increase their accuracy.In this paper we propose an algorithm for doing navigation aware multi agent coverage in areas with no landmarks.Instead of using identical lawn mower patterns, we propose to mirror every other pattern to enable the agents to meet up and makeinter-agent measurements and share information regularly. This improves performance in two ways,global drift in relation to the area to be covered is reduced, and local coverage gaps between adjacent patterns are reduced.Further, we show that this can be accomplished within the constraints of very limited sensing, computing and communication resources that most AUVs have available.The effectiveness of our method is shown through statistically significant simulated experiments.
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| 8. |
- Bommenel, Elin, et al.
(author)
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När historiska händelser får samtidens uppmärksamhet - historikerns roll och relationer till brukare och journalister
- 2022
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Då och då uppmärksammar massmedia så kallade historiska skandaler såsom sterilisering, vanvård inom den sociala barnavården, höga dödstal på sinnessjukhus eller behandling av minoritetsbefolkningar. Sådan massmedial uppmärksamhet bidrar ibland till diskussioner i nutida samhällsdebatt om välfärdsstatens roll, om svek till individer i utsatta positioner och om vägar till upprättelse.I sådana sammanhang kan historiker bidra med kunskap och perspektiv, och i den rollen har historiker ofta kontakt med journalister och brukare vilket kan vara berikande men också utmanande. Utmaningarna kan handla om att nå ut och nå fram med reflektioner om komplexa skeenden, om förändrade samhälleliga värderingar, strukturer och synsätt som kan bidra till förklaringar av det som med dagens blick tycks obegripligt. Frågan är hur relevant detta upplevs i en kontext där individer söker svar på varför livet blev som det blev och journalister (ibland) söker säljande scoop.Utifrån egna erfarenheter som historiker som forskar om frågor som får utrymme i dagens samhällsdebatt vill vi i detta rundabordssamtal diskutera historikerns roll och relationer till brukare och journalister. Våra erfarenheter rymmer både engagerade brukare som vill använda forskning som ett argument i en upprättelseprocess till brukare som inte vill medverka i forskning överhuvudtaget. Vi har upplevt journalister som medvetet bortser från den forskning vi redovisar till ambitiösa journalister som stämmer av resultat och formuleringar.Vi har mycket att vinna på goda relationer mellan historiker, brukare och journalister – men hur skapar vi dessa? Hur når vi ut med vår forskning? Hur kan historiker bidra i samtida diskussioner? Hur behåller vi vår professionella integritet i samarbete med brukare? Hur hanterar vi massmedia när vår kunskap åsidosätts? Dessa frågor vill vi diskutera utifrån erfarenheter bland nordiska historiker.
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| 9. |
- Hawley, Andrew L., et al.
(author)
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Heavier Group 13 Metal(I) Heterocycles Stabilized by Sterically Demanding Diiminophosphinates : a Structurally Characterized Monomer–Dimer Pair For Gallium
- 2017
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In: Chemistry - A European Journal. - : Wiley. - 0947-6539 .- 1521-3765. ; 23:2, s. 447-455
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We have synthesized and characterized the monomeric diiminophosphinate-stabilized Group 13 metal(I) complexes [DipLE:], DipL=Ph2P(NDip)2, Dip=2,6-iPr2C6H3; E=Ga (1), In (2) and Tl (3). In addition, we structurally characterized the dimeric complex [(DipLGa)2], 12. Similar synthetic attempts using MesL=Ph2P(NMes)2, Mes=2,4,6-Me3C6H2 afforded product mixtures from which the mixed oxidation state species [(MesL)3Ga4I3] 4 was isolated. [DipLGa:] 1 is converted with dry air to the gallium(III) oxide species [(DipLGaO)2] 5. Density Functional Theory studies on [DipLE:] and [(DipLE)2], E=Al−Tl, shed light on the bonding in these compounds and show that the newly formed E−E bonding interactions can be described as weak single σ-bond with no significant π-bonding contribution for E=Al, Ga. A large contribution to the dimer binding enthalpies results from London dispersion forces.
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| 10. |
- Fuller, C.W., et al.
(author)
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Consensus statement on injury definitions and data collection procedures in studies of football (soccer) injuries
- 2006
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In: British Journal of Sports Medicine. - : BMJ. - 0306-3674 .- 1473-0480. ; 40:3, s. 193-201
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Variations in definitions and methodologies have created differences in the results and conclusions obtained from studies of football (soccer) injuries, making interstudy comparisons difficult. Therefore an Injury Consensus Group was established under the auspices of Federation Internationale de Football Association Medical Assessment and Research Centre. A nominal group consensus model approach was used. A working document on definitions, methodology, and implementation was discussed by the group. Iterative draft statements were prepared and circulated to members of the group for comment before the final consensus statement was produced. Definitions of injury, recurrent injury, severity, and training and match exposures in football together with criteria for classifying injuries in terms of location, type, diagnosis, and causation are proposed. Proforma for recording players' baseline information, injuries, and training and match exposures are presented. Recommendations are made on how the incidence of match and training injuries should be reported and a checklist of issues and information that should be included in published reports of studies of football injuries is presented.
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