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- Stenholm, Sari, et al.
(författare)
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Comorbidity and Functional Trajectories From Midlife to Old Age : the Health and Retirement Study
- 2015
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Ingår i: The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1079-5006 .- 1758-535X. ; 70:3, s. 332-338
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The number of diseases and physical functioning difficulties tend to increase with age. The aim of this study was to examine the trajectories of physical functioning across age groups and whether the trajectories differ according to disease status in different population subgroups.METHODS: Repeat data from a nationally representative population sample, the Health and Retirement Study, was used. Participants were 10,709 men and 13,477 women aged 60-107 years at baseline with biennial surveys from 1992 to 2010. Average length of follow-up was 10.3 years ranging from 0 to 18 years. Disease status and physical functioning was asked about at all study phases and 10 items were summed to obtain a physical functioning score (0-10).RESULTS: Age modified the relationship between number of chronic diseases and physical functioning with older participants having more physical functioning difficulties with increasing number of diseases. An average 70-year-old participant with no diseases had 0.89 (95% CI: 0.85-0.93) physical functioning difficulties, with one disease 1.72 (95% CI: 1.69-1.76) difficulties, with two diseases 2.57 (95% CI: 2.52-2.62) difficulties, and with three or more diseases 3.82 (95% CI: 3.76-3.88) difficulties. Of the individual diseases memory-related diseases, stroke, pulmonary diseases, and arthritis were associated with significantly higher physical functioning difficulties compared with other diseases.CONCLUSIONS: Comorbidity is associated with greater burden of physical functioning difficulties. Of the studied diseases, memory-related diseases, stroke, pulmonary diseases, and arthritis alone or in combination limit most physical functioning.
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| 2. |
- Stenholm, Sari, et al.
(författare)
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Length of sick leave as a risk marker of hip fracture : a nationwide cohort study from Sweden.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Osteoporosis International. - : Springer. - 0937-941X .- 1433-2965. ; 26:3, s. 943-949
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sickness absence is a risk marker for future health outcomes, but no previous studies have examined its association with osteoporotic fractures in old age. The results of this prospective population-based cohort study based on Swedish registers suggest that sickness absence is associated with higher risk of hip fracture.INTRODUCTION: Number of sick leave days is a risk marker for future health outcomes, but few studies have examined its association with major public health concerns in old age, such as osteoporotic fractures. The aim of this prospective, nationwide, population-based cohort study based on Swedish registers was to investigate the association between number of sick leave days and future risk of hip fracture.METHODS: Participants included were all 983,244 individuals who were living in Sweden on 31 December 1995, aged 50 to 64 years, employed, and with no previous hip fracture. Those with sick leave days in 1995 were compared to those with no sickness absence. Incidence of hip fracture was followed from 1996 to 2010.RESULTS: According to Cox regression models adjusted for sociodemographic factors and morbidity, being on sick leave more than 3 months, irrespective of cause, was associated with a 2.0-fold (hazard ratio (HR) 1.96, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.74-2.20) and 1.4-fold (HR 1.40, 95% CI 1.27-1.56) increased risk of hip fracture in men and women, respectively. Analyses repeated among those with previous non-hip fractures replicated the significant associations.CONCLUSION: This nationwide cohort study suggests that sickness absence in working-age women and men is a risk marker of hip fracture at old ages.
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