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- Adam, Silke, et al.
(author)
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Campaigning Against Europe? : The Role of Euroskeptic Fringe and Mainstream Parties in the 2009 European Parliament Election
- 2013
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In: Journal of Political Marketing. - : Routledge. - 1537-7857 .- 1537-7865. ; 12:1, s. 77-99
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this article, we analyze political parties' campaign communication during the 2009 European Parliamentary election in 11 countries (Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, The Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and the UK). We study which types of issues Euroskeptic fringe and Euroskeptic mainstream parties put on their campaign agendas and the kind and extent of EU opposition they voice. Further, we seek to understand whether Euroskeptic and non-Euroskeptic parties co-orient themselves toward each other within their national party systems with regard to their campaigns. To understand the role of Euroskeptic parties in the 2009 European Parliamentary elections, we draw on a systematic content analysis of parties' posters and televised campaign spots. Our results show that it is Euroskeptic parties at the edges of the political spectrum who discuss polity questions of EU integration and who most openly criticize the union. Principled opposition against the project of EU integration, however, can only be observed in the UK. Finally, we find indicators for co-orientation effects regarding the tone of EU mobilization: In national political environments where Euroskeptic parties strongly criticize the EU, pro-European parties at the same time publicly advance pro-EU positions.
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| 2. |
- Stetka, Vaclav, et al.
(author)
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Investigative journalism in Central and Eastern Europe : Autonomy, Business Models, and Democratic Roles
- 2013
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In: The International Journal of Press/Politics. - : SAGE Publications. - 1940-1612 .- 1940-1620. ; 18:4, s. 413-435
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article presents a comparative overview of investigative journalism in eight countries in the Central and Eastern European region (Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania and Slovakia). The purpose is both descriptive and analytical. Descriptively, the article charts the presence and provision of investigative journalism across the region and inventories and assesses the various funding forms that exist against the background of the recent (2008-09) financial crisis. Analytically, the article focuses on assessing the relative autonomy (defined as autonomy from external actors) and effects (defined as the removal from office and sentencing of political actors revealed to be engaged in legal and moral transgressions, commonly various forms of corruption). The article finds investigative journalism across the region in general to be weak in terms of autonomy and effects, but stronger in countries that have had more stable and richer media markets (notably Estonia, Poland, and the Czech Republic). The article further finds that alternative news sources online in some countries (notably Romania and Bulgaria) play an important role as providers of investigative journalism.
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