| 1. |
- Bozkurt, Mehmet, et al.
(author)
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Towards Extending Web Map Services
- 2005
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper begins with describing a case study of using the standard Web Map Services (WMS; from Open Geospatial Consortium) for mobile applications. There are two experiences from this case study that are interesting for the generalisation community: the amount of map information on the screen and the map file size. In this paper a usability study of the amount of map information is presented. The result from this study indicates that we should not only consider scale when determining which generalisation algorithms and/or parameters to use, but that we also should consider the amount of information. The paper also contains a short discussion about methods to restrict map file sizes in WMS.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Magnusson, Charlotte, et al.
(author)
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Exploring User Requirements for Non-visual Mobile Navigation Systems
- 2009
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In: HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION - INTERACT 2009, PT I. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 9783642036545 ; 5726, s. 754-757
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper describes an explorative user study of how two different user groups experience current, as well as envisioned new mobile navigation systems. Two groups have been the primary target in this study; a group of elderly people and a group of relatively young university students that were visually impaired. The study consisted of three parts: a focus group/test, a diary study and a design workshop where the users envisioned new kinds of interaction with mobile navigation systems by building and demonstrating low-fi prototypes. Information about user requirements for these types of applications is obtained and we observe features in the study design which are relevant for a wider range of mobile services.
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| 4. |
- Stigmar, Hanna
(author)
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Amount of Information in Mobile Maps: A Study of User Preference
- 2006
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In: Kart och Bildteknik: mapping and image science. - 1651-792X. ; :4, s. 68-74
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- As mobile map services are becoming increasingly popular, it is important to use a cartography that can provide good readability in reduced formats. The amount of information presented in a map is important for understandability and is thus an essential aspect of map usability. In addition, the limited memory capacities of many mobile devices make it necessary that only the most important information should be included. To gain a clearer picture of cartographic usability for small screen maps, a study of amount of information in mobile map services’ maps was performed. Fourteen different maps, with buildings generalized to different extents, were presented to users who graded these in order of preferred level of information. The study focused on amount of information as a quantitative measure of the syntactic contents of a map. Two major conclusions could be drawn: there was no relationship between scale and preferred generalization level, and the test persons preferred maps where all buildings were represented.
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| 5. |
- Stigmar, Hanna
(author)
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Matching Route Data and Topographic Data in a Real-Time Environment
- 2005
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The paper describes a study aiming at importing and integrating route data into a system for real-time map services. Three problems are identified and discussed: importing route data, matching route data, and integrating the matching in the system. A prototype has been developed. It includes the import and translation of the route as well as three matching extensions to an existing matching algorithm. An evaluation of the prototype shows a satisfying matching result.
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| 6. |
- Stigmar, Hanna
(author)
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Some Aspects of Mobile Map Services
- 2006
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The technology of today, with the use of computers and the Internet, has enabled new types of map usage. Screen maps provide possibilities that could never be offered by standard paper maps, and allow maps to be integrated into information services. Mobile map services are information services adapted to mobility; using small screen presentation devices and communication networks to access various information databases on the fly. The research presented in this licentiate dissertation focuses on two aspects of mobile map services. The first papers are concerned with a more technical matter: the creation of methods to import and integrate external route data into a mobile map service. The developed methods were to be based on standards, and also consider user aspects to some degree. The last paper is concerned with user aspects, more specifically amount of information, for small screen maps. It presents an investigation that was performed with the aim to find if a method for presenting a suitable amount of information could be created. The import and integration of external route data into a mobile map service was part of the EU project GiMoDig. The GiMoDig project aimed at establishing methods for distributing cartographic data from core databases at NMAs to mobile devices. As one of the main uses of maps is navigation, it was desirable to integrate a routing service in the GiMoDig prototype. The integration of the route data was performed with a matching approach. The road network was searched in order to find corresponding road segments to the imported route segments. Like in other studies, the matching procedure was adapted to the used datasets. The characteristics of the datasets, and their similarities were taken advantage of, in order to find a satisfactory matching approach. The study of amount of information for small screen maps refers to the matter of usability, and the need to create products (and maps) as useful and user friendly as possible. Bearing in mind human perceptive and cognitive capacities, it would be of importance to find an optimal amount of information that would enable the user to gain as much knowledge from the map as possible. Information can be somewhat difficult to define as it is imposed with meaning. Therefore, in order to be able to measure information quantitatively, a syntactic approach was adopted. A hypothesis is that we always want the same amount of map information, for a specific scale, on the screen of a mobile device. To test this hypothesis a user study was performed. The study showed that there may be a relationship between amount of information and preferred generalization level. It also showed that the test persons preferred rather detailed maps over more simplified ones.
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