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- 2019
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 3. |
- Lindberg, Fredrik, 1974, et al.
(author)
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Urban Multi-scale Environmental Predictor (UMEP): An integrated tool for city-based climate services
- 2018
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In: Environmental Modelling and Software. - : Elsevier BV. - 1364-8152. ; 99, s. 70-87
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- © 2017 The Authors UMEP (Urban Multi-scale Environmental Predictor), a city-based climate service tool, combines models and tools essential for climate simulations. Applications are presented to illustrate UMEP's potential in the identification of heat waves and cold waves; the impact of green infrastructure on runoff; the effects of buildings on human thermal stress; solar energy production; and the impact of human activities on heat emissions. UMEP has broad utility for applications related to outdoor thermal comfort, wind, urban energy consumption and climate change mitigation. It includes tools to enable users to input atmospheric and surface data from multiple sources, to characterise the urban environment, to prepare meteorological data for use in cities, to undertake simulations and consider scenarios, and to compare and visualise different combinations of climate indicators. An open-source tool, UMEP is designed to be easily updated as new data and tools are developed, and to be accessible to researchers, decision-makers and practitioners.
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| 4. |
- Matynia, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Peripheral sensory neurons expressing melanopsin respond to light
- 2016
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In: Frontiers in Neural Circuits. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1662-5110. ; 10:AUG
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The ability of light to cause pain is paradoxical. The retina detects light but is devoid of nociceptors while the trigeminal sensory ganglia (TG) contain nociceptors but not photoreceptors. Melanopsin-expressing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are thought to mediate light-induced pain but recent evidence raises the possibility of an alternative light responsive pathway independent of the retina and optic nerve. Here, we show that melanopsin is expressed in both human and mouse TG neurons. In mice, they represent 3% of small TG neurons that are preferentially localized in the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve and are likely nociceptive C fibers and high-threshold mechanoreceptor Aδ fibers based on a strong size-function association. These isolated neurons respond to blue light stimuli with a delayed onset and sustained firing, similar to the melanopsin-dependent intrinsic photosensitivity observed in ipRGCs. Mice with severe bilateral optic nerve crush exhibit no light-induced responses including behavioral light aversion until treated with nitroglycerin, an inducer of migraine in people and migraine-like symptoms in mice. With nitroglycerin, these same mice with optic nerve crush exhibit significant light aversion. Furthermore, this retained light aversion remains dependent on melanopsin-expressing neurons. Our results demonstrate a novel light-responsive neural function independent of the optic nerve that may originate in the peripheral nervous system to provide the first direct mechanism for an alternative light detection pathway that influences motivated behavior.
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| 5. |
- Pan, Wei-Wei, et al.
(author)
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Direct Measurement of a Nonlocal Entangled Quantum State
- 2019
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In: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 123:15
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Entanglement and the wave function description are two of the core concepts that make quantum mechanics such a unique theory. A method to directly measure the wave function, using weak values, was demonstrated by Lundeen et al. [Nature 474, 188 (2011)]. However, it is not applicable to a scenario of two disjoint systems, where nonlocal entanglement can be a crucial element, since that requires obtaining weak values of nonlocal observables. Here, for the first time, we propose a method to directly measure a nonlocal wave function of a bipartite system, using modular values. The method is experimentally implemented for a photon pair in a hyperentangled state, i.e., entangled both in polarization and momentum degrees of freedom.
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| 6. |
- Suliman, Salwa, et al.
(author)
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Release and bioactivity of bone morphogenetic protein-2 are affected by scaffold binding techniques in vitro and in vivo
- 2015
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In: Journal of Controlled Release. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-3659 .- 1873-4995. ; 197, s. 148-157
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A low dose of 1 mu g rhBMP-2 was immobilised by four different functionalising techniques on recently developed poly(L-lactide)-co-(epsilon-caprolactone) [(poly(LLA-co-CL)] scaffolds. It was either (i) physisorbed on unmodified scaffolds [PHY], (ii) physisorbed onto scaffolds modified with nanodiamond particles [nDP-PHY], (iii) covalently linked onto nDPs that were used to modify the scaffolds [nDP-COV] or (iv) encapsulated in microspheres distributed on the scaffolds [MICS]. Release kinetics of BMP-2 from the different scaffolds was quantified using targeted mass spectrometry for up to 70 days. PHY scaffolds had an initial burst of release while MICS showed a gradual and sustained increase in release. In contrast, NDP-PHY and nDP-COV scaffolds showed no significant release, although nDP-PHY scaffolds maintained bioactivity of BMP-2. Human mesenchymal stem cells cultured in vitro showed upregulated BMP-2 and osteocalcin gene expression at both week 1 and week 3 in the MICS and nDP-PHY scaffold groups. These groups also demonstrated the highest BMP-2 extracellular protein levels as assessed by ELISA, and mineralization confirmed by Alizarin red. Cells grown on the PHY scaffolds in vitro expressed collagen type 1 alpha 2 early but the scaffold could not sustain rhBMP-2 release to express mineralization. After 4 weeks post-implantation using a rat mandible critical-sized defect model, micro-CT and Masson trichrome results showed accelerated bone regeneration in the PHY, nDP-PHY and MICS groups. The results demonstrate that PHY scaffolds may not be desirable for clinical use, since similar osteogenic potential was not seen under both in vitro and in vivo conditions, in contrast to nDP-PHY and MICS groups, where continuous low doses of BMP-2 induced satisfactory bone regeneration in both conditions. The nDP-PHY scaffolds used here in critical-sized bone defects for the first time appear to have promise compared to growth factors adsorbed onto a polymer alone and the short distance effect prevents adverse systemic side effects.
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| 7. |
- Sun, Yang, et al.
(author)
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Reinforced Degradable Biocomposite by Homogenously Distributed Functionalized Nanodiamond Particles
- 2015
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In: Macromolecular materials and engineering. - : Wiley. - 1438-7492 .- 1439-2054. ; 300:4, s. 436-447
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Severe phase separation was observed in blending nanodiamond particle (n-DP) in poly (L-lactide-co-e-caprolactone) (poly(LLA-co-CL)) scaffold. In this study we optimized the scaffold by the addition of 1-50% (w/w) polylactide modified n-DP (n-DP-PLA) or benzoquinone-modified n-DP (n-DP-BQ). Composed by 10% n-DP-PLA, composite had 6 times higher E-modulus in tensile test, whereas the maximum reinforcement can be higher than 15 times. However, n-DP-BQ composites conserved the mechanical properties, and thermal properties of the polymer substrate. The attachment, spreading and growth of UE7T13 cells on modified n-DP composites were similar to poly(LLA-co-CL), and independent to n-DP concentrations. In summary, a proper modified n-DP is the key to reinforce poly(LLA-co-CL) for tissue engineering.
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| 8. |
- Sun, Y., et al.
(author)
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ZTA Ceramic Materials for DLP 3D Printing
- 2019
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In: IOP Conference Series. - : Institute of Physics Publishing.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- As a new additive manufacturing method, DLP has the advantages of high precision, fast speed and low cost. ZTA ceramic is anticipated to be used in more applications due to its superior bending strength, fracture toughness and thermal conductivity. But the detailed study with ZTA printing material for DLP is still rarely reported. In this experiment, ZTA ceramic UV resin with various ZrO2 concentration (5-15wt.%) were investigated and tested for their 3D printing performance. ZTA ceramic UV resin with low viscosity (<3Pa•s at shear rate of 10s-1) and high solid load (55vol.%) were successfully developed. After sintering at a temperature of 1600°C, a relative density of >96% can be always promised. For the optimized doping level of ZrO2 at 11wt%, a density of 99% can be achieved.
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| 9. |
- Wu, Nan, et al.
(author)
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Effects of GABA(B) receptors in the insula on recognition memory observed with intellicage
- 2017
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In: Behavioral and Brain Functions. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1744-9081. ; 13:7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Insular function has gradually become a topic of intense study in cognitive research. Recognition memory is a commonly studied type of memory in memory research. GABA(B)R has been shown to be closely related to memory formation. In the present study, we used intellicage, which is a new intelligent behavioural test system, and a bilateral drug microinjection technique to inject into the bilateral insula, to examine the relationship between GABA(B)R and recognition memory. Methods: Male Sprague- Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, Sham, Nacl, baclofen and CGP35348 groups. Different testing procedures were employed using intellicage to detect changes in rat recognition memory. The expression of GABA(B)R (GB1, GB2) in the insula of rats was determined by immunofluorescence and western blotting at the protein level. In addition, the expression of GABA(B)R (GB1, GB2) was detected by RT-PCR at the mRNA level. Results: The results of the intellicage test showed that recognition memory was impaired in terms of position learning, punitive learning and punitive reversal learning by using baclofen and CGP35348. In position reversal learning, no significant differences were found in terms of cognitive memory ability between the control groups and the CGP and baclofen groups. Immunofluorescence data showed GABA(B)R (GB1, GB2) expression in the insula, while data from RTPCR and western blot analysis demonstrated that the relative expression of GB1 and GB2 was significantly increased in the baclofen group compared with the control groups. In the CGP35348 group, the expression of GB1 and GB2 was significantly decreased, but there was no significant difference in GB1 or GB2 expression in the control groups. Conclusions: GABA(B)R expression in the insula plays an important role in the formation of recognition memory in rats.
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| 10. |
- Yassin, Mohammed A., et al.
(author)
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A Copolymer Scaffold Functionalized with Nanodiamond Particles Enhances Osteogenic Metabolic Activity and Bone Regeneration
- 2017
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In: Macromolecular Bioscience. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 1616-5187 .- 1616-5195. ; 17:6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Functionalizing polymer scaffolds with nanodiamond particles (nDPs) has pronounced effect on the surface properties, such as improved wettability, an increased active area and binding sites for cellular attachment and adhesion, and increased ability to immobilize biomolecules by physical adsorption. This study aims to evaluate the effect of poly(l-lactide-co-e-caprolactone) (poly(LLA-co-CL)) scaffolds, functionalized with nDPs, on bone regeneration in a rat calvarial critical size defect. Poly(LLA-co-CL) scaffolds functionalized with nDPs are also compared with pristine scaffolds with reference to albumin adsorption and seeding efficiency of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). Compared with pristine scaffolds, the experimental scaffolds exhibit a reduction in albumin adsorption and a significant increase in the seeding efficiency of BMSCs (p = 0.027). In the calvarial defects implanted with BMSC-seeded poly(LLA-co-CL)/ nDPs scaffolds, live imaging at 12 weeks discloses a significant increase in osteogenic metabolic activity (p = 0.016). Microcomputed tomography, confirmed by histological data, reveals a substantial increase in bone volume (p = 0.021). The results show that compared with conventional poly(LLA-co-CL) scaffolds those functionalized with nDPs promote osteogenic metabolic activity and mineralization capacity. It is concluded that poly(LLA-co-CL) composite matrices functionalized with nDPs enhance osteoconductivity and therefore warrant further study as potential scaffolding material for bone tissue engineering.
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