| 1. |
- Öylü, Gülin, 1990-, et al.
(author)
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Part of the problem or part of the solution : The ambiguous contribution of companies and branches to inequality and exclusion from late work in Sweden
- 2022
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In: ESA Research Network Ageing in Europe Mid-Term Conference 2022. - Vienna.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Although there is rich literature on factors that affect participation and exit patterns ofindividuals in late working life, the emphasis on individual decision making rather thanemployer behaviour. However, the employer’s decision to hire or terminate the contracts playimportant role in unemployment and exit of the older workers in late working life.This paper aims to understand the link between the organizational structure and the sector ofthe companies in the companies’ employing behaviour of the older employees. Using Swedishregistry data that involves all companies in Sweden that have at least one gainful employeebetween the years 1990-2018, this study investigates how do age, gender, educationcomposition, sector and the scale of the company affect its likelihood of hiring and terminatingemployment of older employees by age, gender, and education.This paper shows that the likelihood of entry and exit of older employees differ among thecompanies in different sectors as well as with different age and education composition. Thiscontributes to the inequality among the groups that are structurally distributed in differentsectors or type of companies in late working life.
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| 2. |
- Bhandari, Amit Kumar, et al.
(author)
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Wage Inequality and Job Insecurity Among Permanent and Contract Workers in India: Evidence from Organized Manufacturing Industries
- 2008
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In: The ICFAI Journal of Applied Economics. - 0972-6861. ; 7:1, s. 80-111
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Since the early 1990s, the employment structure of organized manufacturing industries in India has undergone substantial changes with steep rise in the use of contract workers in place of permanent workers. This process has led to increased wage inequality, discrimination as well as concern of job insecurity in the labor market. The paper focuses on wage inequality between permanent and contract workers, since contract workers earn substantially lower wages than their counterparts. The study uses data at the individual level from a recent labor survey of organized manufacturing industries in the India. The lower wage earned by contract workers is largely due to cost cutting, rather than differences in labor productivity. The issue of job insecurity has been modeled in the form of a binary logistic model. The factors affecting job security are divided into productivity-related attributes such as level of education and skill, and institutional attributes such as labor market rules and regulations and union membership. Contrary to the general expectation, the study finds that permanent workers are more concerned regarding job insecurity than the contract workers.
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| 4. |
- Muroyama, Norihiro, et al.
(author)
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Argon adsorption on MCM-41 mesoporous crystal studied by in situ synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction
- 2008
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In: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 112:29, s. 10803-10813
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Equilibrium argon adsorption from the gas phase on mesoporous MCM-41 silica of hexagonal structure is directly studied by in situ synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements at SPring-8. The diffraction intensity data is analyzed by extending the previously developed analytical formula for the crystal structure factors of MCM-41 to account for argon adsorbed in the pores. It is clearly observed that argon adsorbs in layers on the pore walls at low gas pressures and exhibits sudden capillary condensation as the gas pressure increased. The proposed method of interpretation of XRD data allows one to calculate the density ratio between the silica wall and condensed argon, the pore size, and the pore wall fluctuation/roughness, together with the thickness of the adsorbed layer as a function of the gas pressure. The results of in situ XRD experiments are compared with the results of argon adsorption volumetric experiments. The adsorption data are interpreted with the quench solid density functional theory (QSDFT), which takes into account the pore wall roughness. The perfect agreement of the QSDFT isotherm predicted from the adsorption data and the XRD recalculated isotherm suggests that the adsorption porosimetry and XRD measurements can be reconciled provided a proper interpretation of the experimental data.
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| 5. |
- Ademark, Pia, et al.
(author)
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Softwood hemicellulose-degrading enzymes from Aspergillus niger: Purification and properties of a β-mannanase
- 1998
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In: Journal of Biotechnology. - 1873-4863. ; 63:3, s. 199-210
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The enzymes needed for galactomannan hydrolysis, i.e. β-mannanase, α-galactosidase and β-mannosidase, were produced by the filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger. The β-mannanase was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity in three steps using ammonium sulfate precipitation, anion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration. The purified enzyme had an isoelectric point of 3.7 and a molecular mass of 40 kDa. Ivory nut mannan was degraded mainly to mannobiose and mannotriose when incubated with the β-mannanase. Analysis by 1H NMR spectroscopy during hydrolysis of mannopentaose showed that the enzyme acts by the retaining mechanism. The N-terminus of the purified A. niger β-mannanase was sequenced by Edman degradation, and comparison with Aspergillus aculeatus β-mannanase indicated high identity. The enzyme most probably lacks a cellulose binding domain since it was unable to adsorb on cellulose.
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| 6. |
- Fantasia, Valentina, et al.
(author)
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The intersubjective roots of pretend play
- 2022
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In: Rivista di Psicolinguistica Applicata. - 1592-1328. ; XXII:2, s. 45-60
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Pretend play has been studied in great depth in the past four decades, yielding an increasingly rich body of evidence and conjectures about the evolutionary, cognitive, social and linguistic competence acquired by young children through make-believe activities. In the current work, we drew connections between symbolic play and early forms of infants’ humorous initiatives, such as clowning and teasing, shedding light on the similarities between some of their constitutive aspects. To do so, we endorsed an intersubjective and socio-cultural stance which allows to expandour current understanding of, and reflections about the roots of pretend play and its development, from something happening inside individuals to the relationship it contributes to create between individuals and their social and cultural environments. Above all, we suggest that what these earlier and later forms of symbolic actions have in common is mostly their interpretative dimension: they are spaces in which infants and children can construct and explore different kinds of realities with meaningful others. We then consider the implications for theories of symbol formation and language development.
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| 7. |
- Ferreira, Marisa Borges, et al.
(author)
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Relationships between neuropsychological and antisaccade measures in multiple sclerosis patients
- 2018
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In: PeerJ. - : PeerJ, Inc. - 2167-8359. ; 6, s. 1-18
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundThe Stroop test is frequently used to assess deficits in inhibitory control in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). This test has limitations and antisaccade eye movements, that also measure inhibitory control, may be an alternative to Stroop.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was twofold: (i) to investigate if the performance in the antisaccade task is altered in patients with MS and (ii) to investigate the correlation between performances in neuropsychological tests, the Stroop test and the antisaccade task.MethodsWe measured antisaccades (AS) parameters with an infrared eye tracker (SMIRED 250 Hz) using a standard AS paradigm. A total of 38 subjects diagnosed with MS and 38 age and gender matched controls participated in this study. Neuropsychological measures were obtained from the MS group.ResultsPatients with MS have higher error rates and prolonged latency than controls in the antisaccade task. There was a consistent association between the Stroop performance and AS latency. Stroop performance but not AS latency was associated with other neuropsychological measures in which the MS group showed deficits.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that AS may be a selective and independent measure to investigate inhibitory control in patients with MS. More studies are necessary to confirm our results and to describe brain correlates associated with impaired performance in the antisaccade task in people diagnosed with MS.
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| 9. |
- Zafonte, RD, et al.
(author)
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Serotonin agents in the treatment of acquired brain injury
- 2002
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In: Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0885-9701 .- 1550-509X. ; 17:4, s. 322-334
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The development of novel serotonin agents has led to an increased use of these medications throughout medical practice. An understanding of the basic pharmacological function of these agents is key to understanding their usefulness. Among persons with brain injury, serotonin agents have been used for the treatment of depression, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorders, agitation, steep disorders, and motor dysfunction. Conclusion: This article will review the mechanisms, efficacy, and side effects of serotonin agents with a focus on persons with brain injury.
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