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| 2. |
- Dobilas, Arturas, et al.
(författare)
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Circulating Markers of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) in Patients With Ovarian Tumors
- 2022
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Ingår i: Anticancer research. - : Anticancer Research USA Inc.. - 1791-7530 .- 0250-7005. ; 42:2, s. 965-971
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND/AIM: Inflammation is a hallmark of cancer, and the role of neutrophils and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in cancer and cancer-associated thrombosis has attracted a lot of interest. The NET-specific marker H3Cit has been found to be elevated in the plasma of patients with malignancies, suggesting NETs markers as novel cancer biomarkers. This study aimed to determine the levels of NETs markers (H3Cit and dsDNA) in the plasma of women with adnexal masses. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 199 patients admitted for primary surgery of adnexal masses. Patients were grouped according to tumor type and stage. Plasma levels of H3Cit-DNA, dsDNA, and CA125 were quantified. RESULTS: Plasma levels of H3Cit-DNA and dsDNA were not elevated in women with borderline or malignant ovarian tumors compared with those of the benign group. Increased levels of CA125 were found in the borderline and ovarian cancer group (ptrend<0.001). In Cox regression analysis, CA125 levels dichotomized at 326 IU/ml (median) were associated with worse overall survival (HR=1.9; 95%CI=1.03-3.36; p=0.038). No differences were found in the survival analyses of malignant ovarian tumors by analyzing the dsDNA and H3Cit-DNA levels. CONCLUSION: There is no association between NETs markers and ovarian tumors.
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| 3. |
- Havervall, Sebastian, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on vaccine-induced immune responses over time
- 2022
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Ingår i: Clinical & Translational Immunology (CTI). - : Wiley. - 2050-0068. ; 11:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To determine the long-term impact of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection on immune responses after COVID-19 vaccination. Methods. Using longitudinally collected blood samples from the COMMUNITY study, we determined binding (WHO BAU mL(-1)) and neutralising antibody titres against ten SARS-CoV-2 variants over 7 months following BNT162b2 in SARS-CoV-2-recovered (n = 118) and SARS-CoV-2-naive (n = 289) healthcare workers with confirmed prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. A smaller group with (n = 47) and without (n = 60) confirmed prior SARS-CoV-2 infection receiving ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 was followed for 3 months. SARS-CoV-2-specific memory T-cell responses were investigated in a subset of SARS-CoV-2-naive and SARS-CoV-2-recovered vaccinees. Results. Vaccination with both vaccine platforms resulted in substantially enhanced T-cell responses, anti-spike IgG responses and neutralising antibodies effective against ten SARS-CoV-2 variants in SARS-CoV-2-recovered participants as compared to SARS-CoV-2-naive participants. The enhanced immune responses sustained over 7 months following vaccination. Conclusion. These findings imply that prior SARS-CoV-2 infection should be taken into consideration when planning booster doses and design of current and future COVID-19 vaccine programmes.
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- Lauren, Ida, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term SARS-CoV-2-specific and cross-reactive cellular immune responses correlate with humoral responses, disease severity, and symptomatology
- 2022
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Ingår i: Immunity, Inflammation and Disease. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2050-4527. ; 10:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Cellular immune memory responses post coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been difficult to assess due to the risks of contaminating the immune response readout with memory responses stemming from previous exposure to endemic coronaviruses. The work herein presents a large-scale long-term follow-up study investigating the correlation between symptomology and cellular immune responses four to five months post seroconversion based on a unique severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific peptide pool that contains no overlapping peptides with endemic human coronaviruses. Methods: Peptide stimulated memory T cell responses were assessed with dual interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) and interleukin (IL)-2 Fluorospot. Serological analyses were performed using a multiplex antigen bead array. Results: Our work demonstrates that long-term SARS-CoV-2-specific memory T cell responses feature dual IFN gamma and IL-2 responses, whereas cross-reactive memory T cell responses primarily generate IFN gamma in response to SARS-CoV-2 peptide stimulation. T cell responses correlated to long-term humoral immune responses. Disease severity as well as specific COVID-19 symptoms correlated with the magnitude of the SARS-CoV-2-specific memory T cell response four to five months post seroconversion. Conclusion: Using a large cohort and a SARS-CoV-2-specific peptide pool we were able to substantiate that initial disease severity and symptoms correlate with the magnitude of the SARS-CoV-2-specific memory T cell responses.
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| 5. |
- Marking, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Duration of SARS-CoV-2 Immune Responses Up to Six Months Following Homologous or Heterologous Primary Immunization with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccines
- 2022
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Ingår i: Vaccines. - : MDPI AG. - 2076-393X. ; 10:3, s. 359-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heterologous primary immunization against SARS-CoV-2 is part of applied recommendations. However, little is known about duration of immune responses after heterologous vaccine regimens. To evaluate duration of immune responses after primary vaccination with homologous adeno-vectored ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (ChAd) or heterologous ChAd/BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine (BNT), anti-spike-IgG and SARS-CoV-2 VOC-neutralizing antibody responses were measured in 354 healthcare workers (HCW) at 2 weeks, 3 months, 5 months and 6 months after the second vaccine dose. T-cell responses were investigated using a whole blood interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) release assay 2 weeks and 3 months post second vaccine dose. Two hundred and ten HCW immunized with homologous BNT were enrolled for comparison of antibody responses. In study participants naive to SARS-CoV-2 prior to vaccination, heterologous ChAd/BNT resulted in 6-fold higher peak anti-spike IgG antibody titers compared to homologous ChAd vaccination. The half-life of antibody titers was 3.1 months (95% CI 2.8-3.6) following homologous ChAd vaccination and 1.9 months (95% CI 1.7-2.1) after heterologous vaccination, reducing the GMT difference between the groups to 3-fold 6 months post vaccination. Peak T-cell responses were stronger in ChAd/BNT vaccinees, but no significant difference was observed 3 months post vaccination. SARS-CoV-2 infection prior to vaccination resulted in substantially higher peak GMTs and IFN-gamma levels and enhanced SARS-CoV-2 specific antibody and T cell responses over time. Heterologous primary SARS-CoV-2 immunization with ChAd and BNT elicits a stronger initial immune response compared to homologous vaccination with ChAd. However, although the differences in humoral responses remain over 6 months, the difference in SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell responses are no longer significant three months after vaccination.
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| 6. |
- Mravinacová, Sára, et al.
(författare)
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A cell-free high throughput assay for assessment of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies
- 2022
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Ingår i: New Biotechnology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1871-6784 .- 1876-4347. ; 66, s. 46-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Highly accurate serological tests are key to assessing the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and the level of immunity in the population. This is important to predict the current and future status of the pandemic. With the recent emergence of new and more infectious SARS-CoV-2 variants, assays allowing for high throughput analysis of antibodies able to neutralize SARS-CoV-2 become even more important. Here, we report the development and validation of a robust, high throughput method, which enables the assessment of antibodies inhibiting the binding between the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). The assay uses recombinantly produced spike-f and ACE2 and is performed in a bead array format, which allows analysis of up to 384 samples in parallel per instrument over seven hours, demanding only one hour of manual handling. The method is compared to a microneutralization assay utilising live SARS-CoV-2 and is shown to deliver highly correlating data. Further, a comparison with a serological method that measures all antibodies recognizing the spike protein shows that this type of assessment provides important insights into the neutralizing efficiency of the antibodies, especially for individuals with low antibody levels. This method can be an important and valuable tool for large-scale assessment of antibody-based neutralization, including neutralization of new spike variants that might emerge.
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